Cox v. City of Louisville

439 S.W.2d 51, 1969 Ky. LEXIS 351
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kentucky
DecidedMarch 21, 1969
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 439 S.W.2d 51 (Cox v. City of Louisville) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kentucky primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cox v. City of Louisville, 439 S.W.2d 51, 1969 Ky. LEXIS 351 (Ky. Ct. App. 1969).

Opinion

REED, Judge.

Appellant, Paul Kenneth Cox, and appellant, Lawrence David Clark, sustained personal injuries in a motorcycle accident for which they brought separate suits against the appellee, City of Louisville, alleging negligence on its part. At the instance of Clark, his suit was consolidated with Cox’s action. The actions were tried together and jury verdicts were returned in favor of the appellee, City of Louisville. Judgments were entered dismissing the action of each appellant. Cox and Clark both appeal. Their appeals have been consolidated and considered together.

The accident occurred about 2:30 a. m. on July 27, 1965, in the “T” type intersection of Mockingbird Valley Road and Brownsboro Road in Louisville. Cox, then age nineteen, had borrowed his brother’s new motorcycle. He met Clark, who was the same age. Thereafter, Clark rode as a passenger on the motorcycle with Cox acting as the driver.

During the course of the evening, they met two of their friends, Mattingly and another young man who were also riding on a motorcycle. Mattingly was the driver of the other vehicle. This group rode around Louisville for some time visiting various drive-in restaurants until about 1:30 a. m. when they decided to head home.

They turned right off River Road onto Mockingbird Valley Road and headed in a southerly direction toward Brownsboro Road. Mattingly was some 15 feet behind Cox and Clark. As Mattingly turned the corner onto Mockingbird Valley Road his motor died and had to be re-started. Cox and Clark had continued down Mockingbird Valley Road, and Clark noticed that Mattingly’s headlight had “dipped.” He informed Cox, who slowed down to about 15 to 20 miles per hour. Mattingly’s light then brightened, whereupon Cox increased his speed to approximately 30 to 35 miles per hour. As Mattingly came around the last curve before the intersection, he saw Cox’s taillight go over an embankment past the far edge of Brownsboro Road. He and his passenger rushed across Browns-boro Road and observed that Cox and [53]*53Clark had jumped the curb and were lying injured on the golf course grounds beyond the curb.

The police were called and arrived soon after the accident. Tire marks on the curb indicated to the police the point at which the motorcycle jumped the curb, and their measurements showed it stopped some 125 feet beyond this point. A few feet south of the curb there is an 8 to 12 foot drop to the grounds of a golf course. The absence of any ground disturbance between the curb and a point 115 feet beyond indicated to the police that Cox’s motorcycle flew some 115 feet, landed, slid 10 feet, and then came to rest. Clark landed atop Cox some 20 feet beyond and 20 feet east of the motorcycle. This motorcycle jumped Brownsboro Road’s southern curb some 15 to 20 feet east of the projected middle line of Mockingbird Valley Road.

Shortly after his arrival at the hospital, Cox told the police he was traveling at 45 miles per hour when the accident occurred. On the same occasion Clark stated the speed of the Cox motorcycle was about 35 miles per hour at the time of the accident. The speed limit on Mockingbird Valley Road is 25 miles per hour.

Mockingbird Valley Road is 18 to 20 feet wide. At a point 260 feet north of Brownsboro Road’s south curb, and 215 feet from Brownsboro Road’s north curb, Mockingbird Valley begins to widen. At 100 feet south of this point Mockingbird Valley Road is 36 feet wide. At the point of the intersection itself, Mockingbird Valley Road has widened, or aproned, to a 185-foot width. Brownsboro Road is a 4-lane, much-traveled thoroughfare and its southern border directly across from this intersection is lined with tall trees and wide foliage.

Both Cox and Clark testified that Mockingbird Valley Road was extremely dark on the night of the accident. Cox said he had been through this intersection on one previous occasion about a year before the accident. He admitted knowledge of the existence of the stop sign. He stated that on the occasion of the accident he was looking for the stop sign. It was his testimony, however, that the lighting was so inadequate and the appearance of the intersection so deceptive that he was unable to negotiate an intended left turn onto Brownsboro Road, as a result of which he lost control of the motorcycle resulting in the accident in which he sustained extremely severe and permanent injuries.

Clark testified that he had been through this intersection a few months before the accident. He also acknowledged that he was aware of the intersection and of the existence of the stop sign. He further stated that he had been looking for the stop sign but did not realize the intersection had been reached until the motorcycle was some 10 feet from the south curb of Brownsboro Road. Clark was seriously injured but had made substantial recovery in his physical condition at the time of the trial.

A professional engineer, Professor McIntosh, testified on behalf of the appellants that the intersection was not adequately lighted and was hazardous. Louisville city police officers who investigated the accident testified that they could plainly see the stop sign and the wall of trees in their headlights from a point 200 or 255 feet back from the north side of Brownsboro Road. They also testified that the intersection was well lighted and plainly visible.

We will first consider the appeal of Cox.

It is his contention in substance that the City of Louisville was negligent as a matter of law, and that his conduct in operating his motorcycle was merely a condition from which he was injured and not a causal contribution. He reasons that the verdict of the jury and the judgment of the court entered thereon were contrary to the law and the evidence.

Cox did not move the court for a directed verdict in his favor on the issue of liability. On the contrary, he accepted the [54]*54instructions of the trial court submitting the issues of the City of Louisville’s negligence and his contributory negligence to the jury. He offered an instruction on his contributory negligence which the court gave. It was not until his motion and grounds for a new trial that he undertook to question the sufficiency of the evidence conerning the issues of the negligence of the City of Louisville and his own contributory negligence.

A party waives the insufficiency of his adversary’s evidence when he fails to challenge it by a motion for a peremptory instruction. Claspell v. Brown, Ky., 332 S.W.2d 851.

Cox was not entitled to a directed verdict on his own theory of liability. The proper duty of the city so far as the posting of stop signs and the lighting of streets is concerned need not he discussed. We will, purely for the sake of argument, assume that Cox’s own contention relative to the duty of the city on the occasion in question was correct. Cox contends that the city had a duty to maintain this intersection in a reasonably safe condition and he was not required to anticipate a danger that might exist at the intersection unless the particular hazard was known to him. He admits he had a duty to use ordinary care in the operation of his motorcycle. The evidence was directly conflicting as to whether or not the intersection was reasonably safe, the extent of Cox’s knowledge of the character of the intersection, and whether or not Cox exercised ordinary care in the operation of his motorcycle. Under Cox’s own theory of liability these issues could only be resolved by the jury. Cf. City of Nicholasville v.

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Bluebook (online)
439 S.W.2d 51, 1969 Ky. LEXIS 351, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cox-v-city-of-louisville-kyctapp-1969.