Corey Hooker v. Korey Roberson

• Court: Court of Appeals of Georgia
• Decided: June 22, 2012
• Docket: A12A0788
• Status: Published

Opinion

SECOND DIVISION BARNES, P. J., ADAMS and MCFADDEN, JJ.

NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be physically received in our clerk’s office within ten days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed. (Court of Appeals Rule 4 (b) and Rule 37 (b), February 21, 2008) http://www.gaappeals.us/rules/

June 22, 2012

In the Court of Appeals of Georgia A12A0788. HOOKER v. ROBERSON et al.

MCFADDEN, Judge.

Corey Hooker obtained a default judgment against Korey Roberson, Big Oomp

Records, Inc., and Top Quality Productions, Inc., in his action for breach of contract,

quantum meruit and fraud. After a bench trial on damages, however, the trial court

entered an order of final judgment in the defendants’ favor in which it held, inter alia,

that Hooker had presented no evidence demonstrating the defendants’ liability on any

of his asserted causes of action. The court denied Hooker’s motion for new trial, and

he appeals. We find that the trial court erred in concluding that Hooker had not

demonstrated the defendants’ liability in light of the earlier default judgment entered

against them. We further find that the court erred in failing to consider, in its role as

factfinder, whether Hooker was entitled to nominal damages for the breach of contract. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for further proceedings not inconsistent

with this opinion.

1. Hooker argues that the trial court improperly admitted evidence on the issue

of the defendants’ liability, notwithstanding that, because of the default judgment,

their liability was no longer at issue. The defendants respond that the evidence was

relevant to the issue of damages. From the trial court’s order, however, it is clear that

the court considered whether Hooker had proved liability and held that he had not.

This holding constituted error, because, through their default, the defendants admitted

each and every well-pled material factual allegation of Hooker’s complaint, except

as to the amount of damages alleged. Cohran v. Carlin, 254 Ga. 580, 585 (3) (331

SE2d 523) (1985); Northpoint Group Holdings v. Morris, 300 Ga. App. 491, 495 (2)

(685 SE2d 436) (2009); Grand v. Hope, 274 Ga. App. 626, 629-630 (1) (617 SE2d

593) (2005). See also Flanders v. Hill Aircraft & Leasing Corp., 137 Ga. App. 286,

289 (223 SE2d 482) (1976) (holding it was error for trial court to allow defendant to

dispute that which it had admitted through default, or, given the defendant’s default,

to require plaintiff to prove by a preponderance of the evidence elements of its claims

against the defendant, other than damages). Hooker was not required at the bench trial

2 to present any evidence that the contract was breached, but only was required to

establish the amount of his damages. OCGA § 9-11-55 (a).

2. Hooker argues that the trial court erred in awarding him no damages. The

record supports the court’s finding that Hooker presented no evidence of actual

damages in connection with any of his claims. Hooker contends, however, that he was

entitled to nominal damages under OCGA § 13-6-6. That Code section provides: “In

every case of breach of contract the injured party has a right to damages, but if there

has been no actual damage, the injured party may recover nominal damages sufficient

to cover the costs of bringing the action.” See King v. Brock, 282 Ga. 56, 57 (646

SE2d 206) (2007) (“Nominal damages come into play when an injured party

establishes a breach of contract, but is unable to prove actual damages.”); see also

Flanders, 137 Ga. App. at 289 (concerning nominal damages in contract case where

plaintiff received default judgment).

The record shows that, during the bench trial, Hooker requested nominal

damages for breach of contract. See Bishop v. Intl. Paper Co., 174 Ga. App. 863, 864

(1) (332 SE2d 12) (1985). It appears, however, that the court did not consider the

question of Hooker’s entitlement to nominal damages, having instead erroneously

found that Hooker had not proved the existence of a breach. Citing Corrosion

3 Control, Inc. v. William Armstrong Smith Co., 157 Ga. App. 291 (277 SE2d 287)

(1981), the defendants contend that this error does not require reversal because the

failure to award nominal damages was attributable to the verdict of the trial court, as

finder of fact. See id. at 293. In Corrosion Control, however, the trial court, as finder

of fact, had determined that the defendant was liable for breach of contract but had

found that the plaintiff, nevertheless, was not entitled to damages. Id. at 292. Here,

in contrast, the trial court found that Hooker had not demonstrated a breach of

contract. Thus, unlike in Corrosion Control, we cannot say that the trial court’s

judgment in favor of the defendants represents its verdict, as the trier of fact, that

Hooker should not be awarded nominal damages even though the default judgment

established that the defendants had breached their contract with him. Under the

circumstances of this case, we reverse the trial court’s judgment in favor of the

defendants, see Fleming, 137 Ga. App. at 289, and remand the case for the court to

consider whether the evidence authorized nominal damages or for other proceedings

not inconsistent with this opinion.

Judgment reversed and case remanded with direction. Barnes, P. J., and

Adams, J., concur.