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7 JEFF CORBETT, et al., Case No. 2:20-cv-02149-KJD-NJK
8 Plaintiffs, ORDER GRANTING DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS 9 v.
SYSTEM, EX REL. STATE OF NEVADA; DEPARTMENT, a political subdivision of the 12 State of Nevada; and DOES I-X, inclusive,
13 Defendants.
14 Before the Court is Defendant Public Employees’ Retirement System’s (“PERS”) Motion 15 to Dismiss (ECF #9). Defendant Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (“Metro”) filed a 16 notice of non-opposition (ECF #14). Plaintiffs responded in opposition (ECF #16) and PERS 17 replied (ECF #18). 18 I. Factual and Procedural Background 19 Plaintiffs allege that Defendants PERS and Metro have failed to contribute and pay out 20 the proper amount of retirement benefits. Plaintiffs are employees or retirees from Metro and 21 have worked as canine handlers for periods ranging between 14 and 20 years. (ECF #1-2, at 3). 22 Canine handlers are required to be on call 24 hours per day and ready to be on the road within 30 23 minutes of a call. Id. at 4. They also routinely work varying hours, shifts, and overtime and 24 accept responsibility for the complete care, control, custody, and actions of police service dogs. 25 Id. A canine handler’s shift is defined as the span of hours during which an individual is assigned 26 to work. Id. Plaintiffs allege that they are assigned to work 24 hours per day and 365 days per 27 year. Id. Canine handlers are paid for either 10 or 15 hours per pay period depending on the 28 number of dogs they are assigned. Id. Plaintiffs refer to this pay as Canine Pay. Id. Plaintiffs 1 allege that they work more than the number of hours allotted per pay period. Id. 2 Plaintiffs are enrolled in the PERS Police and Firefighters’ Retirement Fund. Id. 3 According to Plaintiffs, PERS has wrongfully withheld pay from Plaintiffs’ pension calculations 4 and benefits and Metro has failed to pay contributions to PERS. Id. at 5. As such, Plaintiffs 5 brought claims for unpaid pension contributions, unpaid overtime, breach of contract, breach of 6 fiduciary duty, breach of statutory duty, negligence, unjust enrichment, and unpaid wages. Id. at 7 3–12. Plaintiffs seek liquidated damages, attorney fees, a declaratory judgment of their rights and 8 obligations, injunctive relief, and to compel PERS to audit Metro to determine what benefits 9 have been paid out. Id. at 10–14. Defendant Metro answered the complaint and filed a notice of 10 non-opposition to PERS’ motion to dismiss. (ECF #14). 11 II. Legal Standard 12 Under Rule 8, a pleading must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing 13 that the pleader is entitled to relief.” FED. R. CIV. P. 8(a)(2). A complaint does not require 14 “detailed factual allegations,” but “requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic 15 recitation of the elements of a cause of action will not do.” Bell Atlantic Co. v. Twombly, 550 16 U.S. 544, 555 (2007). “To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient 17 factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Ashcroft 18 v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 557). A complaint does not 19 suffice “if it tenders ‘naked assertion[s]’ devoid of ‘further factual enhancement.’” Id. (quoting 20 Twombly, 550 U.S. at 557). All “[f]actual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief 21 above the speculative level.” Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555. While the court “must take all of the 22 factual allegations in the complaint as true, we ‘are not bound to accept as true a legal conclusion 23 couched as a factual allegation.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555). 24 “When the claims in a complaint have not crossed the line from conceivable to plausible, the 25 complaint must be dismissed.” Hendon v. Geico Ins. Agency, 377 F.Supp.3d 1194, 1196 (D. 26 Nev. 2019). 27 III. Analysis 28 Plaintiffs’ complaint stems from a wage dispute with Metro. PERS argues that it cannot 1 be held liable for Metro’s conduct or wage disputes arising from an employment contract 2 because it merely collects contributions made by employers. Plaintiffs argue that PERS must be 3 held liable for its conduct that the complaint alleges was improper regardless of the dispute with 4 Metro. Plaintiffs’ response to PERS’ motion to dismiss points out two causes of action that 5 include specific allegations that PERS acted improperly. In the first claim, Plaintiffs allege that 6 PERS wrongfully withheld benefits from Plaintiffs or made improper benefit calculations. In the 7 fourth claim, Plaintiffs allege that PERS supplied Plaintiffs with a Summary Plan Description 8 (“SPD”), the SPD created a contract between Plaintiffs and PERS, and PERS is liable for the 9 promises made in the contract. While the response focuses on these two claims, the complaint 10 names PERS in multiple causes of action. Having reviewed the complaint and motion, the Court 11 will grant PERS’ motion to dismiss because it agrees that PERS cannot be liable for relying on 12 the information provided by Plaintiffs’ employers and because Plaintiffs have failed to allege 13 facts to support their claims against PERS. 14 The first claim is for unpaid pension contributions and benefits. The complaint details the 15 wages canine handlers earn and alleges that Plaintiffs are entitled to more pay. The only 16 allegation against PERS is that it “has wrongly withheld Canine Pay from [Plaintiffs’] pension 17 calculations and benefits.” (ECF #1-2, at 6). There are no facts alleged to support the allegation. 18 Plaintiffs do not explain how much was withheld, when the wrongdoing occurred, or how PERS 19 miscalculated the benefits after Metro supplied its contributions. The complaint focuses on 20 Metro’s failure to pay a proper wage, which resulted in fewer benefits. If Plaintiffs are right and 21 Metro did not pay proper wages, PERS is not liable because it is not responsible “for inaccurate 22 or misleading information provided by an officer or employee or a participating public employer 23 or any other person.” NEV. REV. STAT. §286.288. Unless Plaintiffs can allege facts to support the 24 claim that PERS wrongfully withheld or miscalculated benefits, the claim cannot survive. 25 Plaintiffs’ fourth claim fails for the same reason. Plaintiffs allege that the SPD that PERS 26 provided to Plaintiffs is a contract and that PERS breached said contract. The SPD is not 27 included with the complaint, but Plaintiffs allege that the SPD states that benefit calculations 28 include average compensation of the thirty-six highest consecutive months of compensation. 1 Because PERS did not include Canine Pay in the calculation of benefits, Plaintiffs allege that 2 PERS breached its contract. Again, Plaintiffs do not allege facts supporting the claim. Instead, 3 they allege that Metro did not pay them properly, and because they were not paid properly by 4 Metro, PERS did not distribute sufficient retirement benefits. There is no allegation that Metro 5 supplied correct information that PERS ignored or that PERS intentionally withheld benefits in 6 breach of the contract. PERS is not responsible for inaccurate information provided by 7 employers. NEV. REV. STAT. §286.288. If Metro failed to pay Plaintiffs according to their 8 contract, PERS is not responsible. Because a complaint does not suffice if it tenders naked 9 assertions devoid of further factual enhancement, these claims against PERS are dismissed. 10 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. 11 The fifth claim is for breach of a fiduciary duty against all defendants. Plaintiffs allege 12 that PERS ignored or failed to recognize that Canine Pay is made without regard to actual hours 13 worked and that it failed to properly audit Metro.
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1 2 3 6 * * *
7 JEFF CORBETT, et al., Case No. 2:20-cv-02149-KJD-NJK
8 Plaintiffs, ORDER GRANTING DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS 9 v.
SYSTEM, EX REL. STATE OF NEVADA; DEPARTMENT, a political subdivision of the 12 State of Nevada; and DOES I-X, inclusive,
13 Defendants.
14 Before the Court is Defendant Public Employees’ Retirement System’s (“PERS”) Motion 15 to Dismiss (ECF #9). Defendant Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (“Metro”) filed a 16 notice of non-opposition (ECF #14). Plaintiffs responded in opposition (ECF #16) and PERS 17 replied (ECF #18). 18 I. Factual and Procedural Background 19 Plaintiffs allege that Defendants PERS and Metro have failed to contribute and pay out 20 the proper amount of retirement benefits. Plaintiffs are employees or retirees from Metro and 21 have worked as canine handlers for periods ranging between 14 and 20 years. (ECF #1-2, at 3). 22 Canine handlers are required to be on call 24 hours per day and ready to be on the road within 30 23 minutes of a call. Id. at 4. They also routinely work varying hours, shifts, and overtime and 24 accept responsibility for the complete care, control, custody, and actions of police service dogs. 25 Id. A canine handler’s shift is defined as the span of hours during which an individual is assigned 26 to work. Id. Plaintiffs allege that they are assigned to work 24 hours per day and 365 days per 27 year. Id. Canine handlers are paid for either 10 or 15 hours per pay period depending on the 28 number of dogs they are assigned. Id. Plaintiffs refer to this pay as Canine Pay. Id. Plaintiffs 1 allege that they work more than the number of hours allotted per pay period. Id. 2 Plaintiffs are enrolled in the PERS Police and Firefighters’ Retirement Fund. Id. 3 According to Plaintiffs, PERS has wrongfully withheld pay from Plaintiffs’ pension calculations 4 and benefits and Metro has failed to pay contributions to PERS. Id. at 5. As such, Plaintiffs 5 brought claims for unpaid pension contributions, unpaid overtime, breach of contract, breach of 6 fiduciary duty, breach of statutory duty, negligence, unjust enrichment, and unpaid wages. Id. at 7 3–12. Plaintiffs seek liquidated damages, attorney fees, a declaratory judgment of their rights and 8 obligations, injunctive relief, and to compel PERS to audit Metro to determine what benefits 9 have been paid out. Id. at 10–14. Defendant Metro answered the complaint and filed a notice of 10 non-opposition to PERS’ motion to dismiss. (ECF #14). 11 II. Legal Standard 12 Under Rule 8, a pleading must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing 13 that the pleader is entitled to relief.” FED. R. CIV. P. 8(a)(2). A complaint does not require 14 “detailed factual allegations,” but “requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic 15 recitation of the elements of a cause of action will not do.” Bell Atlantic Co. v. Twombly, 550 16 U.S. 544, 555 (2007). “To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient 17 factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Ashcroft 18 v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 557). A complaint does not 19 suffice “if it tenders ‘naked assertion[s]’ devoid of ‘further factual enhancement.’” Id. (quoting 20 Twombly, 550 U.S. at 557). All “[f]actual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief 21 above the speculative level.” Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555. While the court “must take all of the 22 factual allegations in the complaint as true, we ‘are not bound to accept as true a legal conclusion 23 couched as a factual allegation.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555). 24 “When the claims in a complaint have not crossed the line from conceivable to plausible, the 25 complaint must be dismissed.” Hendon v. Geico Ins. Agency, 377 F.Supp.3d 1194, 1196 (D. 26 Nev. 2019). 27 III. Analysis 28 Plaintiffs’ complaint stems from a wage dispute with Metro. PERS argues that it cannot 1 be held liable for Metro’s conduct or wage disputes arising from an employment contract 2 because it merely collects contributions made by employers. Plaintiffs argue that PERS must be 3 held liable for its conduct that the complaint alleges was improper regardless of the dispute with 4 Metro. Plaintiffs’ response to PERS’ motion to dismiss points out two causes of action that 5 include specific allegations that PERS acted improperly. In the first claim, Plaintiffs allege that 6 PERS wrongfully withheld benefits from Plaintiffs or made improper benefit calculations. In the 7 fourth claim, Plaintiffs allege that PERS supplied Plaintiffs with a Summary Plan Description 8 (“SPD”), the SPD created a contract between Plaintiffs and PERS, and PERS is liable for the 9 promises made in the contract. While the response focuses on these two claims, the complaint 10 names PERS in multiple causes of action. Having reviewed the complaint and motion, the Court 11 will grant PERS’ motion to dismiss because it agrees that PERS cannot be liable for relying on 12 the information provided by Plaintiffs’ employers and because Plaintiffs have failed to allege 13 facts to support their claims against PERS. 14 The first claim is for unpaid pension contributions and benefits. The complaint details the 15 wages canine handlers earn and alleges that Plaintiffs are entitled to more pay. The only 16 allegation against PERS is that it “has wrongly withheld Canine Pay from [Plaintiffs’] pension 17 calculations and benefits.” (ECF #1-2, at 6). There are no facts alleged to support the allegation. 18 Plaintiffs do not explain how much was withheld, when the wrongdoing occurred, or how PERS 19 miscalculated the benefits after Metro supplied its contributions. The complaint focuses on 20 Metro’s failure to pay a proper wage, which resulted in fewer benefits. If Plaintiffs are right and 21 Metro did not pay proper wages, PERS is not liable because it is not responsible “for inaccurate 22 or misleading information provided by an officer or employee or a participating public employer 23 or any other person.” NEV. REV. STAT. §286.288. Unless Plaintiffs can allege facts to support the 24 claim that PERS wrongfully withheld or miscalculated benefits, the claim cannot survive. 25 Plaintiffs’ fourth claim fails for the same reason. Plaintiffs allege that the SPD that PERS 26 provided to Plaintiffs is a contract and that PERS breached said contract. The SPD is not 27 included with the complaint, but Plaintiffs allege that the SPD states that benefit calculations 28 include average compensation of the thirty-six highest consecutive months of compensation. 1 Because PERS did not include Canine Pay in the calculation of benefits, Plaintiffs allege that 2 PERS breached its contract. Again, Plaintiffs do not allege facts supporting the claim. Instead, 3 they allege that Metro did not pay them properly, and because they were not paid properly by 4 Metro, PERS did not distribute sufficient retirement benefits. There is no allegation that Metro 5 supplied correct information that PERS ignored or that PERS intentionally withheld benefits in 6 breach of the contract. PERS is not responsible for inaccurate information provided by 7 employers. NEV. REV. STAT. §286.288. If Metro failed to pay Plaintiffs according to their 8 contract, PERS is not responsible. Because a complaint does not suffice if it tenders naked 9 assertions devoid of further factual enhancement, these claims against PERS are dismissed. 10 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. 11 The fifth claim is for breach of a fiduciary duty against all defendants. Plaintiffs allege 12 that PERS ignored or failed to recognize that Canine Pay is made without regard to actual hours 13 worked and that it failed to properly audit Metro. PERS argues again that it cannot be 14 responsible for the inaccurate reporting from employers. Plaintiffs argue that dismissing this 15 claim would require the Court to assume that Metro failed to accurately report the information, 16 and such assumptions are inappropriate when ruling on a motion to dismiss. However, the vast 17 majority of the complaint focuses on Metro’s failure to compensate Plaintiffs for time worked. 18 Metro has the responsibility as Plaintiffs’ employer to contribute the proper amount to PERS. 19 Plaintiffs have not alleged facts to support the allegation that PERS ignored improper 20 contributions, why it should be liable for such inaccurate contributions when Nevada statutes 21 state otherwise, or why it had a duty or reason to audit Metro. As such, this claim against PERS 22 is dismissed. The sixth and eighth claims against PERS are dismissed for the same reason. 23 Plaintiffs’ tenth claim is for unjust enrichment. Plaintiffs recognize in their response that 24 if PERS withheld money that should have been paid out to Plaintiffs then they would be unjustly 25 enriched. If they did not withhold money, then there is no unjust enrichment. Plaintiffs state that 26 discovery is required to determine if PERS was unjustly enriched. Again, this claim stems from 27 Plaintiffs’ dispute with Metro regarding their pay. Plaintiffs have not alleged facts to support this 28 claim and their strategy to use discovery to find out if PERS was unjustly enriched does not meet 1 | the Iqbal/Twombly pleading standard. Plaintiffs claim “that [they] should be permitted discovery to find facts showing that [defendants] are in someway liable . . . [but] Iqbal and Twombly 3 | prohibit such fishing expeditions.” Valenzuela v. Culinary Training Academy, No. 2:10-cv- 02012-RLH-PAL, 2011 WL 2609861, at *3 (D. Nev. June 29, 2011). 5 Plaintiffs have a duty to plead facts sufficient to permit the court to infer more than the 6 | mere possibility of misconduct. Id. “When the claims in a complaint have not crossed the line 7 | from conceivable to plausible, [a] plaintiffs complaint must be dismissed.” Id. Plaintiffs’ 8 | complaint has not alleged facts to cross the line from conceivable to probable. The action is a 9 | wage dispute with Metro and if Plaintiffs discover facts to support a claim against PERS, they 10 | may seek leave to amend their complaint and provide the proper supporting factual allegations. 11 | Id. However, as pled, the claims against PERS are dismissed. 12 TV. Conclusion 13 Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss (ECF #9) 14| isGRANTED. 15 | Dated this 9th day of September, 2021. 16 hal& ~ 7 tate 18 United States District Judge 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
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