Commonwealth v. Superior Court of Puerto Rico
This text of 76 P.R. 789 (Commonwealth v. Superior Court of Puerto Rico) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Puerto Rico primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.
Opinion
delivered the opinion of the Court.
Elsie Torres, assisted by her husband Ismael Miranda, filed in the Ponce Part of the Superior Court a proceeding assailing the confiscation of a public-service automobile owned by her — described in the complaint — by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, on the authority of Act No. 17 of January 19, 1951 (Spec. Sess. Laws, 1950-51, p. 426), as amended by Act No. 397 of May 10 of the same year (Sess. Laws, p. 992), known as the Weapons Law of Puerto Rico. After a trial on the merits, the court sustained the petition and ordered the return and delivery to petitioner of the vehicle in question. To review that judgment we issued a writ of certiorari.
The facts which gave rise to the confiscation, as found by the trial judge, are briefly as follows: Plaintiff was the owner of a black Mercury automobile, license plate P-49-530, 1947-48 model, which was devoted to the transportation of passengers for hire. The vehicle was operated by Adam Colón Almodovar, an employee of plaintiff, who received a salary of $4 a day. In the evening of April 20 to 21, 1953, the chauffeur, following his regular nightly routine, drove in the vehicle to the “Bar Sinaola” located on the Maraguez road, ward of Ponce, for the purpose of transporting to Ponce, for hire, Humberto Zengotita, owner of that business. On the way to that establishment, chauffeur Adam Colón and two passengers named Jesús Feliciano Montero and Carlos Villanueva engaged in an argument. [791]*791In order to avoid an accident, the driver took away from Feliciano -Montero a revolver which he was carrying unlawfully 1 keeping it for several minutes, but returning it to Feliciano upon his insistence.
At 1:00 A. M., after closing the business, Humberto Zen-gotita as well as Feliciano Colón, Carlos Villanueva, and two unidentified women boarded the automobile which Adam Colón was driving to Ponce. Another argument ensued on the way, this time between Villanueva and chauffeur Colón. At Villanueva’s request, Colón stopped the car. Villanueva and the chauffeur got out, the latter insisting on fighting the former. Just then an automobile which was headed for Juana Diaz-Ponce stopped at the signal made by Villanueva, from which Corporal Pierantoni alighted. He searched chauffeur Colón, but found no weapon. Noticing that Feli-ciano was taking out a revolver from under his shirt and putting it on the rear seat of the automobile, he confiscated the weapon, as a result of which the criminal proceedings referred to in note 1 were brought against Feliciano.
The trial judge found that chauffeur Adam Colón w;as not taken by surprise by Corporal Pierantoni in the act of carrying a firearm in the vehicle, and that therefore the confiscation was not in order, that he was not .guilty of violation of the law committed when a weapon was found in the vehicle which he was operating, that if there was as any possession on his part, the same was incidental in order to avoid a tragedy, and that since the automobile was devoted to public service at the time the weapon was confiscated, there was no presumption of unlawful possession of the weapon by the other persons occupying the vehicle, in the light of § 14 of the Weapons Act.
We agree with appellant that the trial judge erred in sustaining the complaint and directing the return and de[792]*792livery of the confiscated automobile. Although § 14 of the Weapons Act2 excepts from the prima facie evidence rule, as respects ■ the unlawful possession of a weapon, persons occupying a public-service vehicle which at the time is transporting passengers for hire, such rule is unnecessary here, nor is the confiscation of the vehicle predicated thereon. The respondent court concludes that the operator of the vehicle had “good reasons to believe that the weapon was being unlawfully transported and that the vehicle was being used for the illegal transportation of that firearm.” Although chauffeur Colón did not carry on his person the revolver at the time it was seized by Corporal Pierantoni, the fact is that his knowledge that' Feliciano was unlawfully carrying a weapon made him a coparticipant of the unlawful act of the transportation. The exception made in § 14 is for the benefit of those persons who, when using a public vehicle, are unaware of the fact that a prohibited weapon is being illegally transported therein by someone. But that exception merely excludes them from the prima facie evidence rule— which we are not considering here — for purposes of the criminal prosecution against them. This is a proceeding-directed against a vehicle used as a means for the unlawful transportation of a weapon.
The forfeiture of a vehicle used in the transportation of a firearm under § 37 of the Act3 is an action in rem [793]*793addressed against the vehicle itself and not against the owner or his agent. General Motors Acceptance v. Brañuela, 61 P.R.R. 701; General Motors Acceptance v. District Court, 70 P.R.R. 898; cf. González v. Compañía Agrícola, ante, p. 373; Metro Taxicabs v. Treasurer, 73 P.R.R. 164. The fact that the chauffeur of the vehicle did not carry on his person or transport a revolver for his own purposes, is no defense against a- forfeiture of the means used for the transportation.
The case of Sánchez v. Treasurer, 72 P.R.R. 127, cited hy the trial court, is not controlling in the case at bar. There the owner of the public-service vehicle — who was also the driver — was not aware of the presence therein of smuggled liquor introduced by a passenger on entering the automobile. That circumstance is not present here, for the [794]*794chauffeur was not unaware of the presence of a weapon in his vehicle, consented to its transportation, and did nothing when Corporal Pierantoni appeared — his first opportunity to report the occurrence to the police. Cf. People v. Arana, 72 P.R.R. 768; People v. Vázquez, 72 P.R.R. 771.
The trial judge also erred in holding that the weapon was not being transported at the time of its occupation. The fact that the automobile was at a standstill is no bar to its confiscation. Stuckert Motor Co. v. District Court, 74 P.R.R. 494.
The judgment will be reversed and the petition dismissed.
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76 P.R. 789, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-superior-court-of-puerto-rico-prsupreme-1954.