Commonwealth v. McClucas

3 Pa. D. & C.5th 214
CourtPennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Dauphin County
DecidedSeptember 27, 2006
Docketno. 2062 CR 2005
StatusPublished

This text of 3 Pa. D. & C.5th 214 (Commonwealth v. McClucas) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Dauphin County primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. McClucas, 3 Pa. D. & C.5th 214 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2006).

Opinion

KLEINFELTER, J.,

In almost every case, an opinion written by a trial judge serves the purpose of advising the parties — and perhaps an appellate court — of the rationale under which a decision was rendered in the case. The opinion which follows, however, is intended for yet an additional purpose; namely, to alert the General Assembly to an insufferable provision in the Mental Health Procedures Act, 50 PS. §7101 et seq.; specifically, section 7402, “Incompetence to proceed on criminal charges and lack of criminal responsibility as a defense.” For reasons that will become obvious in this opinion, legislative action is necessary to amend certain anomalous language in this section.

On April 29,2005, Middletown Police arrested Michael E. McClucas (defendant) on charges of aggravated indecent assault, unlawful contact with minor and corruption of minors. The alleged victims are defendant’s stepdaughters, S.B., bom March 22, 1992, and R.B., bom January 25, 1994. The police allege that defendant engaged in digital penetration of the girls’ vaginas. When the acts occurred, defendant was 33 years of age and the girls were aged 10 and 11. The charges were held for court following a preliminary hearing on June 2, 2005. Defendant was formally arraigned on July 14, 2005, and a jury trial set for September 12, 2005. The record is less than clear as to the scheduling of defendant’s case for trial thereafter; [216]*216however, we do find three documents captioned “Waiver of speedy trial and notice of trial date” in the file. The first is dated November 14, 2005, and sets a trial date of December 12,2005. The second is dated December 12,2005, and sets a trial date for January 9,2006. The third is dated February 24,2006, and set a trial date for May 8, 2006.1

On March 20, 2006, defendant through his attorney, Roger E. Laguna, Esquire, filed a motion for determination of competency. The motion alleges:

“(1) While attempting to prepare for the trial in this case it became apparent that defendant was unable to assist counsel. According to defendant’s mother, he has a long history of mental infirmity/retardation and she is forced to act as his guardian.
“(2) Defendant attempted to ascertain the true extent/ nature of the infirmity/retardation by having defendant evaluated by a licensed clinical psychologist.
“(3) On March 17, 2006, the undersigned received a written response to the evaluation which is entitled Assessment of Adjudicative Competency Evaluation. In short, defendant has an I.Q. of 57, is mentally retarded, and is not competent to stand trial. The entire assessment is attached hereto as exhibit ‘A’.” [Not published herein.]

On March 28,2006, the district attorney filed an answer with new matter which concluded:

“(7) The Commonwealth is seeking to have the defendant evaluated by its own psychiatrist, and upon comple[217]*217tion of said assessment, requesting a hearing to determine competency.”

On March 30,2006, we issued a rule to show cause as to why defendant should not submit himself to an independent psychological/psychiatric examination by an expert selected by the Commonwealth. On the same date, defendant responded to the Commonwealth’s new matter advising that the evaluation referenced in the original motion of March 20,2006, classified the defendant as “mild mental retardation” and concluded that defendant “does not possess the capacity for a factual understanding of the legal system and the process for adjudication, etc.” The evaluator, Louis B. Laguna Ph.D.,2 further stated: “I do not feel [defendant] will ever meet the standards for adjudicative competency.” However, the response did aver: “(7) Defendant has no obj ection to a psychiatric examination.”

On April 10, 2006, defendant filed a response to our rule to show cause which included the averments in his March 30, 2006 response. Defendant’s second response further advised:

“(2) Presently, the Commonwealth seeks to have this court order a psychiatric examination of the defendant. Presumably, the Commonwealth is making this request pursuant to 50 P.S. §7402. However, section [7402(e)(3)], states that if such an examination is ordered that during the evaluation defendant ‘shall be entitled to have counsel present with him and shall not be required to answer any questions or to perform tests unless he has moved for or agreed to the examination.’
[218]*218“(3) Defendant states that he has not moved for or agreed to the examination. On the contrary, the Commonwealth moves for the examination in an attempt to refute defendant’s uncontested evidence of incompetence.
“(4) In the event that an examination would be ordered, defendant’s counsel would apparently be obligated under the circumstance of the case to have defendant avail himself of his right to not answer questions or perform tests. No valid psychiatric examination could be conducted under such circumstances. As such, the psychiatric examination requested by the Commonwealth would obviously be invalid and therefore pointless.
“(5) Defendant has already provided the Commonwealth with defendant’s expert report. 50 P.S. §7404(b) states that the Commonwealth may call an expert to testify at a competency hearing (if the court grants a hearing) and that defendant may call his own expert(s) to testify. Defendant therefore acknowledges that a psychiatric expert may testify for the Commonwealth about said report at a competency hearing. At the same time, as a practical matter, a pre-hearing psychiatric examination cannot be permitted to be forced upon defendant.”

In consideration of the foregoing, on April 11,2006, we ordered that a hearing pursuant to 50 P.S. §7402(d) be set for May 2, 2006.3 At the May 2 hearing we defined the scope of the inquiry in accordance with the provisions of 50 P.S. §7402(d) hearing; when required, which provides:

“The court... may order an incompetency examination ... without a hearing unless the examination is objected [219]*219to ... by his counsel. In such event, an examination shall be ordered only after determination upon a hearing that there is a prima facie question of incompetency....”

As we deemed an examination to be opposed by defendant (by virtue of his April 10, 2006 response), we directed defense counsel to present his prima facie evidence of incompetency. At this point the deputy district attorney suggested that, if the inquiry of the moment was limited to a prima facie showing of incompetency, it would stipulate to that fact, based on Dr. Laguna’s opinion contained in his report. Although we suggested to the deputy district attorney that she might have presented her own expert or engaged Dr. Laguna in cross-examination regarding his report, she was satisfied to stipulate that the report established a prima facie case. Given those circumstances, we dictated the following order:

“And now, May 2,2006, upon stipulation of the Commonwealth that the defense has made out a prima facie case of incompetency premised on a report filed by Louis B. Laguna Ph.D, undated, but relating to a competency examination on March 9, 2006, which opinion in pertinent part reads as follows:
“ ‘It is my professional opinion that Mr.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
3 Pa. D. & C.5th 214, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-mcclucas-pactcompldauphi-2006.