Commonwealth v. Harris

658 A.2d 392, 442 Pa. Super. 6, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 924
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedApril 19, 1995
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 658 A.2d 392 (Commonwealth v. Harris) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Harris, 658 A.2d 392, 442 Pa. Super. 6, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 924 (Pa. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

CAVANAUGH, Judge:

William Harris appeals from sentence of life imprisonment consequent upon Ms conviction by a jury of first degree murder and refusal to grant post-verdict relief.

The victim, who died of numerous stab wounds, was Claritha Granberry who lived with her common law husband at 6225 Carpenter Street in Philadelphia. She was found dead at her residence by her husband, James Gill, and a neighbor after Gill returned home from his work as a bartender at 2:00 A.M. on July 1, 1987. Gill testified that when he returned home from work, he found the front door of the residence “open”. Appellant Harris was, at the time, living with the decedent's sister, Deborah Cole and he became implicated as a possible perpetrator as the result of a report of a phone conversation by Janice Cuff of Sicklerville, New Jersey. Cuffs testimony was crucial to the Commonwealth’s case and provides the basis for appellant’s first argument on appeal. She stated that she had known the victim for some 40 years since their childhood. Cuffs testimony was that Claritha called her on the telephone on June 80 at about 10:00 P.M. and they were discussing a forthcoming visit of Claritha to New Jersey. The testimony in part:

A. While we were talking, she said the bell was ringing and she also said I wonder who is that ringing my bell so late. That’s what I recall. It was around 12:30. So I said I wonder who it is. She said I don’t know. I said call me back. She said no, hold on, because I want to find out the directions, so don’t hang up. I’ll be right back. So she left and to the door, and it was a minute or so and being there just in May, I could picture just about where he was coming from.
% # ijt % * *
BY MR. WILLIAMS:
Q. You said she was gone about a minute or so?
A. Yes. And she returned and she whispered. She said it’s my so-called brother-in-law, and I said who, I said Deborah’s boyfriend?
[[Image here]]
It’s my so-called brother-in-law, is that what you are saying?
THE WITNESS: Yes.
******
BY MR. WILLIAMS:
Q. Go ahead, ma’am. And you said what?
A. Deborah’s boyfriend? She said geek and I said what does he want, and she said I don’t know what the nigger wants, so I said what should we do—
A. Let me stop you right there, ma’am. What tone of voice was she speaking in before she told you that it was someone at the door?
A. Just regular.
Q. Okay. When she came back after being gone for a minute and a half, what tone of voice was she speaking in then?
A. She was whispering.
Q. Were you able to tell whether or not there was anyone else in the room with her or nearby?
A. Not in the house before we were talking. Before the bell rang.
Q. After she came back and was whispering to you on the telephone is where I am now.
Were you able to make a determination as to whether or not anybody was in the room?
* # * * * *
THE WITNESS: She said I don’t know what the nigger wants. Excuse my expression.
THE COURT: I don’t want what he wants. Okay.
BY MR. WILLIAMS:
Q. She was whispering then. I am going to take you back, ma’am, which I didn’t hear clearly, back to when she first came back to the telephone and told you that it was her so-called brother-in-law. Do you recall that?
A. Yes.
Q. And you said what to her?
[[Image here]]
[394]*394BY MR. WILLIAMS:
Q. We go back to when she came back to the telephone call after being gone for a minute and a half and she says to you it’s my so-called brother-in-law.
A. Yes.
Q. I don’t know what he wants?
A. But I said to her, Deborah’s boyfriend.
Q. You said Gig or?
A. She said Gig and the nickname and all, that’s why I asked her was it Deborah’s boyfriend, and she said yes.
THE COURT: Who used the word Gig, you or the other lady?
THE WITNESS: C used Gig, because I didn’t.
BY MR. WILLIAMS:
Q. Had you ever heard the name Gig before, before she gave it to you on the phone?
A. No.
Q. Approximately how long was she on the phone when she came back and she was whispering in the phone? How long did that go before you eventually ended?
A. I guess about three minutes or so.
Q. And she continued to whisper after that?
A. Right.
Q. Okay. Now, what if anything did she say to you and you said to her directly before the phone is hung up?
A. I asked her what was she going to do and she said I want to find out the directions so I’ll call you back. Then she said I’ll call you back.
Q. And the phone call ended?
A. Yes.
Q. You think that was approximately 10:30 or thereabouts?
A. Yes.
Q. And did she ever call you back that night?
A. No.
Q. Did you ever call her back?
A. No.
[objections omitted]

Appellant has been identified in the record as “Gig”. This testimony, which would place appellant in the decedent’s residence at or about 10:00 P.M. on the night of the murder, was admitted as an exception to the hearsay rule on variously stated bases that it was “state of mind”, “res gestae” and/or “a spontaneous declaration”. While we disagree with the trial court’s choice of nomenclature for the admissibility of the testimony of witness Cuff, we agree that it was properly admitted.1 The victim’s identification of appellant as her visitor is clearly, if not classically, an example of a present sense impression exception to the hearsay rule. It is clear that Claritha was stating a contemporaneous verbalization of her observation (that Gig was the man at the door). Our supreme court has recognized this exception to the hearsay rule in closely similar circumstances involving a telephone conversation. Commonwealth v. Peterkin, 511 Pa. 299, 513 A.2d 373 (1986). Pennsylvania lawyer, David F. Binder, treats with this very situation in his handbook on hearsay:

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Bluebook (online)
658 A.2d 392, 442 Pa. Super. 6, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 924, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-harris-pasuperct-1995.