Commonwealth v. Gist

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania

Commonwealth v. Gist

249 A.2d 351, 433 Pa. 101, 1969 Pa. LEXIS 529

CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania

DecidedJanuary 15, 1969

DocketAppeal, 397

StatusPublished

Cited by22 cases

This text of 249 A.2d 351 (Commonwealth v. Gist) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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Commonwealth v. Gist, 249 A.2d 351, 433 Pa. 101, 1969 Pa. LEXIS 529 (Pa. 1969).

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Opinion

Opinion by

Mr. Justice Roberts,

Appellant is trying for the third time to collaterally attack his conviction of first degree murder. In his two prior attempts he was unrepresented; now he has counsel. After a hearing below, appellant’s Post Conviction Hearing Act petition was denied and appellant took this appeal.

Appellant first claims that he was not told of his right to appeal with counsel guaranteed by Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S. Ct. 814 (1963). The Commonwealth agrees that since the trial record is silent on the issue of waiver, it has the burden of proving that appellant knowingly and intelligently waived his Douglas rights. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Wilson, 430 Pa. 1, 241 A. 2d 760 (1968).

At appellant’s PCHA hearing, appellant’s trial counsel testified that appellant did not want to appeal. He was unable to testify as to exactly what he told appellant about his appeal rights, and could not state *103 that he had told appellant that he was entitled to free counsel on appeal if necessary. Under these circumstances it is clear that as a matter of law the Commonwealth has failed to prove a knowing and intelligent waiver. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Dixon, 432 Pa. 423, 248 A. 2d 231 (1968); Commonwealth v. Ritchey, 431 Pa. 269, 245 A. 2d 446 (1968) ; cf. Commonwealth v. Ezell, 431 Pa. 101, 244 A. 2d 646 (1968).

Appellant requests that if we grant him Douglas relief, we consider the present proceeding as his direct appeal, since all his claims are on the trial record. Of course there is no reason to not accept appellant’s offer, and we may proceed as if this case were on direct appeal from appellant’s trial.

The Commonwealth concedes that a “tacit admission” was introduced against appellant at his trial, but argues that the rule barring the use of tacit admissions should not be applicable to this case. However, under our recent decision in Commonwealth v. Little, 432 Pa. 256, 248 A. 2d 32 (1968), the rule barring the use of tacit admissions applies to all cases on direct appeal following the granting of Douglas relief. Cf. Commonwealth v. Storch, 432 Pa. 121, 247 A. 2d 562 (1968). Appellant thus is entitled to a new trial and we need not consider any other claim he might have.

The order of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County is vacated and the case remanded for a new trial.

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Opinion by

Mr. Justice Roberts,

Appellant is trying for the third time to collaterally attack his conviction of first degree murder. In his two prior attempts he was unrepresented; now he has counsel. After a hearing below, appellant’s Post Conviction Hearing Act petition was denied and appellant took this appeal.

Appellant first claims that he was not told of his right to appeal with counsel guaranteed by Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S. Ct. 814 (1963). The Commonwealth agrees that since the trial record is silent on the issue of waiver, it has the burden of proving that appellant knowingly and intelligently waived his Douglas rights. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Wilson, 430 Pa. 1, 241 A. 2d 760 (1968).

At appellant’s PCHA hearing, appellant’s trial counsel testified that appellant did not want to appeal. He was unable to testify as to exactly what he told appellant about his appeal rights, and could not state *103 that he had told appellant that he was entitled to free counsel on appeal if necessary. Under these circumstances it is clear that as a matter of law the Commonwealth has failed to prove a knowing and intelligent waiver. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Dixon, 432 Pa. 423, 248 A. 2d 231 (1968); Commonwealth v. Ritchey, 431 Pa. 269, 245 A. 2d 446 (1968) ; cf. Commonwealth v. Ezell, 431 Pa. 101, 244 A. 2d 646 (1968).

Appellant requests that if we grant him Douglas relief, we consider the present proceeding as his direct appeal, since all his claims are on the trial record. Of course there is no reason to not accept appellant’s offer, and we may proceed as if this case were on direct appeal from appellant’s trial.

The Commonwealth concedes that a “tacit admission” was introduced against appellant at his trial, but argues that the rule barring the use of tacit admissions should not be applicable to this case. However, under our recent decision in Commonwealth v. Little, 432 Pa. 256, 248 A. 2d 32 (1968), the rule barring the use of tacit admissions applies to all cases on direct appeal following the granting of Douglas relief. Cf. Commonwealth v. Storch, 432 Pa. 121, 247 A. 2d 562 (1968). Appellant thus is entitled to a new trial and we need not consider any other claim he might have.

The order of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County is vacated and the case remanded for a new trial.

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249 A.2d 351, 433 Pa. 101, 1969 Pa. LEXIS 529, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-gist-pa-1969.

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