Commonwealth v. Conception

657 A.2d 1298, 441 Pa. Super. 539, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 1023
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedMay 8, 1995
DocketNo. 3272
StatusPublished
Cited by16 cases

This text of 657 A.2d 1298 (Commonwealth v. Conception) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Conception, 657 A.2d 1298, 441 Pa. Super. 539, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 1023 (Pa. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinions

CAVANAUGH, Judge.

This matter is presently before the court on the appeal of Migdalia Conception from the judgment of sentence entered against her on September 14, 1993 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County. For the reasons which follow, we affirm.

On May 18, 1992 Philadelphia police officers arrived at appellant’s apartment at 701 West Wingohocking Street armed with an arrest warrant for Marcus Rivera and an arrest warrant for Robert Vargas. The Var-gass’ warrant listed 701 West Wingohocking Street as one of Mr. Vargas’ three addresses. Appellant answered the door, was shown the warrants and photographs of Vargas and Rivera, told the police that she knew neither Mr. Rivera nor Mr. Vargas, and refused the police entry into the apartment. Detective Shawn Trush forcibly entered the apartment and observed, in plain view, an open shoe box containing a green, leafy substance subsequently identified as marijuana. In the bedroom of the apartment, also in plain view on the bureau, the detective observed a large plastic bag containing a green, grassy substance, also later identified as marijuana. The appellant was placed under arrest at the scene. The officers searched the apartment for Vargas and Rivera and found Marcus Rivera hiding in the bathroom shower stall. He, too, was then placed under arrest.

Appellant was charged with hindering apprehension, obstructing administration of law, possession of marijuana with intent to deliver and criminal conspiracy. She filed for suppression of the contraband found in her apartment claiming that the police did not have probable cause to enter her apartment. The motion was denied and, after a non-jury trial, appellant was found guilty of all charges. Timely post-trial motions were filed and denied and on September 13, 1993 appellant was sentenced to two years probation. Appellant now appeals from that judgment of sentence.

On appeal Ms. Conception raises the following issues:

[1300]*1300I. The trial court committed reversible error and precluded appellant from getting a fair trial when it denied the motion to suppress evidence.
II. The trial court committed reversible error when it found that the evidence was sufficient beyond a reasonable doubt to sustain a verdict of guilt.

We first address appellant’s claim that the evidence seized in her apartment should have been suppressed. In reviewing such a claim we must determine whether the factual findings of the suppression court are supported by the record and whether the legal conclusions drawn from those facts are in error. Commonwealth v. Roland, 535 Pa. 595, 637 A.2d 269, 270 (1994).

Appellant argues that, notwithstanding the arrest warrant, the police were required to have a valid search warrant to search her residence, and, since they did not, the fruits of the illegal search should have been suppressed. In support of this argument appellant cites the cases of Steagald v. U.S., 451 U.S. 204, 101 S.Ct. 1642, 68 L.Ed.2d 38 (1981) and Commonwealth v. Martin, 423 Pa.Super. 228, 620 A.2d 1194 (1993).

In Steagald the United States Supreme Court addressed the narrow issue of “whether an arrest warrant — as opposed to a search warrant — is adequate to protect the Fourth Amendment interests of persons not named in the warrant, when their homes are searched without their consent and in the absence of exigent circumstances.” Id. at 212, 101 S.Ct. at 1648. The court found that an arrest warrant alone was inadequate and that a search warrant would be required in such a case.1 Pivotal to the decision was the fact that the arrest was pursuant to a war-rantless search of the premises of a third party.

In Martin, a panel of this court reversed a denial of a suppression motion and vacated a judgment of sentence since it found the situation indistinguishable from, and thus controlled by, Steagald.2

We have reviewed the above-cited cases against the record sent to this court, and have determined, based on the factual dissimilarities, that the instant matter is not controlled by the holding in Steagald.

In the matter before us the police went to 701 West Wingohocking Street armed with two arrest warrants. The warrant for Robert Vargas listed three residence addresses, one of which was 701 West Wingohoeking Street. Detective Trush testified at the suppression hearing that this address was listed because he had received reliable information from the narcotics unit of the Philadelphia Police Department that Rivera and Vargas were staying at 701 West Wingohocking, had often been seen in the area and that one of the fugitives had been pursued by a police officer who determined that he ran into 701 West Wingohocking. Based upon this information, Detective Trush, in securing an arrest warrant, listed 701 West Wingohocking in his affidavit of probable cause as a known address of Robert Vargas.

Upon review of this testimony it is clear that the police officer had a reasonable and well-founded belief that 701 West Wingo-hocking was the residence of at least one of the fugitives. The officer stated so on his affidavit of probable cause for arrest warrant. The subsequently issued arrest warrant listed 701 West Wingohocking Street as one of Mr. Vargas’ addresses. Thus, the cases of Steagald and Martin are not controlling. Rather, the Supreme Court ease of Payton v. New York, supra, as cited in the lower court’s opinion, is of more value in our discussion today for it was in Payton that the Supreme Court stated that; “for Fourth Amendment purposes, an arrest warrant founded on probable cause implicitly carries with it the limited authority to enter a dwelling in which the suspect lives when there is reason to believe the suspect is within.” Id., [1301]*1301445 U.S. at 603, 100 S.Ct. at 1388. This situation occurred in the instant matter and, accordingly, the police did not need a search warrant to enter appellant’s apartment to search for Robert Vargas.

Additionally, since the police did not need a search warrant to enter appellant’s apartment, the admission of the contraband found in plain view was permissible. See: Commonwealth v. Hendrix, 426 Pa.Super. 616, 627 A.2d 1224 (1993).

Accordingly, we find that the suppression court did not err when it denied appellant’s suppression motion and appellant is not entitled to relief on this claim.

Appellant also claims that the evidence at trial was insufficient to sustain the findings of guilt on the charges of hindering apprehension and obstruction of law since both of these crimes require a specific intent on the part of the actor, which specific intent was not established at her trial.

When an appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence presented against her our standard of review is narrow:

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Com. v. Bleiler, E.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2022
Com. v. Gracius, S.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2022
Com. v. Easterling, E.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2021
Com. v. Faison, N.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2018
Com. of Pa. v. Romero
183 A.3d 364 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2018)
Com. v. McIntyre, T.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2018
Com. v. Scott, N.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2017
Com. v. Boyd Chisholm, N.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2017
Com. v. Anderson, W.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2016
Commonwealth v. Romero
138 A.3d 21 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2016)
Com. v. Wilson, J.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2015
Commonwealth v. Johnson
100 A.3d 207 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2014)
Commonwealth v. Muniz
5 A.3d 345 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2010)
Commonwealth v. Vasquez
703 A.2d 25 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1997)
Sherman v. Franklin Regional Medical Center
660 A.2d 1370 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1995)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
657 A.2d 1298, 441 Pa. Super. 539, 1995 Pa. Super. LEXIS 1023, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-conception-pasuperct-1995.