Com. v. Woodham, J.

CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedSeptember 21, 2023
Docket1741 MDA 2022
StatusUnpublished

This text of Com. v. Woodham, J. (Com. v. Woodham, J.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Com. v. Woodham, J., (Pa. Ct. App. 2023).

Opinion

J-S27025-23

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : JAMES CARLTON WOODHAM : : Appellant : No. 1741 MDA 2022

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered November 29, 2022 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bradford County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-08-CR-0000633-2019

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : JAMES CARLTON WOODHAM : : Appellant : No. 1742 MDA 2022

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered November 29, 2022 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bradford County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-08-CR-0000634-2019

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : JAMES CARLTON WOODHAM : : Appellant : No. 1743 MDA 2022

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered November 29, 2022 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bradford County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-08-CR-0000636-2019

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., BOWES, J., and SULLIVAN, J. J-S27025-23

MEMORANDUM BY BOWES, J.: FILED: SEPTEMBER 21, 2023

James Carlton Woodham appeals from the orders dismissing his petition

filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”). We affirm.

By way of background, the Commonwealth charged Appellant with

various theft offenses relating to three separate incidents occurring at the

Walmart in Sayre, Pennsylvania in October 2018, May 2019, and June 2019.

The cases were consolidated for jury trial, at which the Commonwealth

solicited testimony from Tonya Steele, an Asset Protection Specialist

employed by Walmart; David Horton, an employee of the same Walmart; and

Jessica Parker, alleged co-conspirator. Photographs taken from the Walmart

surveillance videos showing Appellant and Parker together at the store were

also admitted. Appellant testified in his own defense.

The evidence established that, with respect to the October 2018 and

May 2019 incidents, Parker attempted to push a cart full of merchandise past

the registers without paying for the items but was questioned by an employee

and abandoned the cart. On both occasions, Appellant waited for Parker in

the vestibule of the store during her theft attempt, and left with her as she

walked out of the store emptyhanded. Concerning the June 2019 matter,

Appellant entered the store alone, took a gallon jug of motor oil from a shelf,

and then “returned” it for a refund using a receipt he found from a Walmart

in Painted Post, New York.

On the morning of trial, Parker pled guilty to several offenses relating

to her part in the crimes and agreed to testify against Appellant. During her

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testimony, she stated on multiple occasions that Appellant used

methamphetamine and that the impetus for the thefts was to exchange stolen

items for drugs. She also attested that Appellant had stalked her for several

years, resulting in her obtaining a protective order against him. Appellant’s

counsel did not object to any of these remarks. Additionally, the trial court

did not provide cautionary instructions to the jury concerning the references

to Appellant’s drug use or alleged stalking, nor did counsel request any.

At the conclusion of the consolidated jury trial, Appellant was convicted

of various theft crimes and related inchoate offenses as to all three incidents.

However, the jury acquitted Appellant of retail theft under all three docket

numbers. The trial court imposed an aggregate sentence of three and one-

half to nine years of incarceration. Appellant filed a direct appeal in all three

cases, challenging on multiple grounds both his convictions and sentences.

On review, we vacated one conviction for criminal attempt to commit retail

theft,1 affirmed the remaining convictions, and remanded for resentencing

since our decision upset the overall sentencing scheme. Appellant was

subsequently resentenced by the trial court on one count each of criminal

conspiracy to commit retail theft as to the October 2018 and May 2019

____________________________________________

1 Appellant was convicted of both criminal attempt to commit retail theft and

criminal conspiracy to commit retail theft stemming from the October 2018 incident, in violation of 18 Pa.C.S. § 906’s prohibition against more than one inchoate conviction for the same crime. See Commonwealth v. Woodham, 256 A.3d 7 (Pa.Super. 2021) (non-precedential decision at 6-7).

-3- J-S27025-23

incidents, and one count of theft by deception relating to the June 2019

matter.

Appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition in all three criminal cases, alleging

multiple instances of ineffective assistance of trial counsel. The PCRA court

appointed counsel, who filed an amended petition on Appellant’s behalf. After

a hearing, the PCRA court denied the petition for lack of merit. Appellant filed

a timely appeal at all three cases, which we consolidated sua sponte.

Both Appellant and the PCRA court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.

Appellant presents the following issues for our review:

I. Whether the PCRA court’s denial of Appellant’s PCRA [petition] was supported by the record and/or free from legal error as it related to trial counsel’s failure to preclude, object to, request protective measures and/or limiting instruction to the testimony elicited by the Commonwealth during direct, cross- examination, and on rebuttal regarding Appellant’s alleged drug use and prior bad acts?

II. Whether the PCRA court’s denial of Appellant’s PCRA claim that trial counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to properly prepare for trial or conduct a reasonable investigation prior to trial is supported by the evidence and free from legal error?

Appellant’s brief at 2 (cleaned up).

We begin with the legal tenets pertinent to our review. “In general, we

review an order dismissing or denying a PCRA petition as to whether the

findings of the PCRA court are supported by the record and are free from legal

error.” Commonwealth v. Howard, 285 A.3d 652, 657 (Pa.Super. 2022)

(cleaned up). Further, “[i]t is an appellant’s burden to persuade us that the

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PCRA court erred and that relief is due.” Commonwealth v. Thomas, 270

A.3d 1221, 1226 (Pa.Super. 2022) (cleaned up).

Both of Appellant’s issues raise ineffective assistance of trial counsel. In

this vein, we observe that counsel is presumed to be effective, and the

petitioner bears the burden of proving otherwise. See Commonwealth v.

Johnson, 236 A.3d 63, 68 (Pa.Super. 2020) (en banc). To do so, he must

establish the following three elements:

(1) the underlying claim has arguable merit; (2) no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s action or failure to act; and (3) the petitioner suffered prejudice as a result of counsel’s error, with prejudice measured by whether there is a reasonable probability that the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Id. (citation omitted). Failure to prove any of the three elements will result

in denial of the ineffectiveness claim. Id. Additionally, “[w]e are not required

to analyze the elements of an ineffectiveness claim in any particular order.”

Commonwealth v. Montalvo, 205 A.3d 274, 286 (Pa. 2019).

With regard to the prejudice prong, our Supreme Court has defined

actual prejudice as

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Bluebook (online)
Com. v. Woodham, J., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/com-v-woodham-j-pasuperct-2023.