Com. v. Sanchez, V.

• Court: Superior Court of Pennsylvania
• Decided: July 15, 2019
• Docket: 494 EDA 2019
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

J-S32038-19

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : VINCENT JAMES SANCHEZ : : Appellant : No. 494 EDA 2019

Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered June 1, 2018 In the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-48-CR-0004142-2017

BEFORE: SHOGAN, J., NICHOLS, J., and MURRAY, J.

MEMORANDUM BY MURRAY, J.: FILED JULY 15, 2019

Vincent James Sanchez (Appellant) appeals from the judgment of

sentence imposed after he pled guilty to burglary of an overnight

accommodation with persons present, 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 3502(a)(1)(ii). Upon

review, we affirm.

The charges arose from an incident that occurred on October 15, 2017,

when Appellant, while wearing a mask and carrying a firearm, attempted to

gain entry by force into a residence in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. N.T., 6/1/18,

at 10-11. On June 1, 2018, Appellant appeared before the trial court and pled

guilty. That same day, pursuant to a negotiated plea agreement, the trial

court sentenced Appellant to 4 to 8 years of incarceration.

On June 13, 2018, Appellant pro se filed a motion for reconsideration of

sentence with the trial court. On June 18, 2018, the trial court issued an order

stating that it would not consider the motion because Appellant was still J-S32038-19

represented by Northampton County Assistant Public Defender Rory Driscole.

Trial Court Order, 6/18/18. See also Pa.R.A.P. 3304 (“Where a litigant is

represented by an attorney before the Court and the litigant submits for filling

a petition, motion, brief or any other type of pleading in the matter, it shall

not be docketed but forwarded to counsel of record.”). The pro se filing was

referred to Attorney Driscole, who was instructed “to take any action deemed

appropriate on [Appellant’s] behalf.” Id. (footnote omitted).

On July 5, 2018, Appellant pro se filed a second motion for

reconsideration. The trial court responded on July 7, 2018 by again noting

that it would not consider the motion because Attorney Driscole was still

Appellant’s counsel of record. Trial Court Order, 7/7/18. Attorney Driscole

was again instructed “to take any action deemed appropriate on [Appellant’s]

behalf.” Id. (footnote omitted).

On August 1, 2018, the trial court granted Attorney Driscole leave to

withdraw as Appellant’s counsel. On August 13, 2018, Appellant filed a pro

se petition pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§

9541-9546. On August 17, 2018, the trial court appointed PCRA counsel, who

filed an amended PCRA petition on October 26, 2018. In his petition, Appellant

argued, inter alia, that Attorney Driscole provided ineffective assistance of

counsel for failing to file a direct appeal. Appellant’s Amended PCRA Petition,

10/26/18, at 2. The trial court convened a hearing on November 11, 2018,

and thereafter, both parties submitted briefs.

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On January 2, 2019, the trial court granted Appellant “leave to file a

direct appeal of his June 1, 2018 sentence in the above-captioned matter,

nunc pro tunc, within twenty (20) days[.]” Trial Court Order, 1/2/19, at 1.

The trial court, however, declined to review “the merits of any of the other

issues raised in [Appellant’s] PCRA petition[.]” Id. at 3 (citing

Commonwealth v. Harris, 114 A.3d 1 (Pa. Super. 2015)).

Appellant filed a notice of appeal on January 18, 2019, and an amended

notice of appeal on January 24, 2019.1 Both Appellant and the trial court have

complied with Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925.

Appellant presents a single issue for our review, challenging the

discretionary aspects of his sentence. See Appellant’s Brief at 9. “The right

to appellate review of the discretionary aspects of a sentence is not absolute,

and must be considered a petition for permission to appeal.”

Commonwealth v. Buterbaugh, 91 A.3d 1247, 1265 (Pa. Super. 2014).

“An appellant must satisfy a four-part test to invoke this Court’s jurisdiction

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1 Appellant’s January 18, 2019 notice of appeal incorrectly listed the order being appealed from as the January 2, 2019 trial court order granting him leave to file his appeal nunc pro tunc. See Appellant’s Notice of Appeal, 1/18/19. Appellant filed an amended notice of appeal on January 24, 2019 which correctly stated the order being appealed from as his June 1, 2018 judgment of sentence. See Appellant’s Amended Notice of Appeal, 1/24/19. By order filed March 20, 2019, this Court directed the Superior Court Prothonotary “to amend the Superior Court docket in the above-captioned appeal to reflect that the ‘Order Appealed From’ is June 1, 2018.” Order, 3/20/19.

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when challenging the discretionary aspects of a sentence.” Id. We conduct

this four-part test to determine whether:

(1) the appellant preserved the issue either by raising it at the time of sentencing or in a post[-]sentence motion; (2) the appellant filed a timely notice of appeal; (3) the appellant set forth a concise statement of reasons relied upon for the allowance of appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f); and (4) the appellant raises a substantial question for our review.

Commonwealth v. Baker, 72 A.3d 652, 662 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation

omitted).

Here, Appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal and included in his

brief a Rule 2119(f) concise statement. See Appellant’s Brief at 13-15.

However, Appellant has failed to preserve his discretionary claim by raising it

at the time of sentencing or in a post-sentence motion. Therefore, Appellant’s

sole issue is waived.

Our Rules of Appellate Procedure provide: “Issues not raised in the

lower court are waived and cannot be raised for the first time on appeal.”

Pa.R.A.P. 302(a). “[I]ssues challenging the discretionary aspects of

sentencing must be raised in a post-sentence motion or by raising the claim

during the sentencing proceedings. Absent such efforts, an objection to a

discretionary aspect of a sentence is waived.” Commonwealth v. Watson,

835 A.2d 786, 791 (Pa. Super. 2003) (citations omitted). “Moreover, a party

cannot rectify the failure to preserve an issue by proffering it in response to a

Rule 1925(b) order.” Commonwealth v. Monjaras-Amaya, 163 A.3d 466,

469 (Pa. Super. 2017) (citations and emphasis omitted). This Court will not

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overlook waiver simply because the trial court substantively addressed the

issue in its 1925(a) opinion. See Commonwealth v. Melendez-Rodriguez,

856 A.2d 1278, 1287-89 (Pa. Super. 2004) (en banc).

Upon review, we find our decision in Commonwealth v. Nischan, 928

A.2d 349 (Pa. Super. 2007) to be dispositive. In Nischan, we held that the

appellant failed to preserve his discretionary sentencing claim for two reasons.

We explained:

First, Appellant had no right to file a pro se motion because he was represented by counsel. This means that his pro se post- sentence motion was a nullity, having no legal effect. Second, the motion, in a rather unclear fashion, sought to withdraw the guilty plea and to challenge the validity of the mandatory minimum sentence. It did not challenge any discretionary aspects of sentence. While the motion did at one point mention the word “excessive,” it did so in the context of contesting the mandatory second strike penalty. The motion certainly did not state a challenge to the discretionary aspects of sentencing “with specificity and particularity” as is required by Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(B)(1)(a).

Id. at 355 (citations omitted). Accordingly, we found the appellant’s

discretionary claim to be waived. Id.

Likewise, Appellant in the instant case filed two pro se post-sentence

motions while he was represented by Attorney Driscole. Pennsylvania courts

disfavor hybrid representation,2 and both motions were nullities, having no

legal effect. Nischan, 928 A.2d at 355 (citing Commonwealth v. Piscanio,

2 “[T]he policies that advise against allowing hybrid representation are well established.” Commonwealth v. Jette, 23 A.3d 1032, 1041 (Pa. 2011).

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608 A.2d 1027, 1029 n.3 (Pa. 1992)). See also Commonwealth v. Jette,

23 A.3d 1032, 1044 (Pa. 2011) (“[W]e reiterate that the proper response to

any pro se pleading is to refer the pleading to counsel, and to take no further

action on the pro se pleading unless counsel forwards a motion.”);

Commonwealth v. Glacken, 32 A.3d 750, 752 (Pa. Super. 2011) (“Pursuant

to our Rules of Appellate [P]rocedure and decisional law, this Court will not

review the pro se filings of a counseled appellant.”) (citations omitted); and

Pa.R.A.P. 3304.

Furthermore, in his pro se post-sentence motions, Appellant did not

claim that his sentence was excessive. See Appellant’s pro se Motion for

Reconsideration, 6/13/18; Appellant’s pro se Motion for Reconsideration,

7/5/18. Instead, Appellant stated in both pro se motions that his sentence

was “unduling” [sic] and he “requests a lesser sentence or be qualified for

boot camp.” Id. On this record, and consistent with Nischan, we conclude

that neither of Appellant’s pro se motions “state a challenge to the

discretionary aspects of sentencing ‘with specificity and particularity’ as is

required by Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(B)(1)(a).” Nischan, 928 A.2d at 355.

In sum, Appellant’s sentencing claim is waived because he failed to

preserve it at sentencing3 or in a post-sentence motion. We therefore affirm

the judgment of sentence.

3 See N.T., 6/1/18, at 1-17.

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Judgment of sentence affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary

Date: 7/15/19

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