Com. v. Rodriguez, J.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania·Decided August 23, 2019·No. 404 EDA 2019·Unpublished

Opinion

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA :

v. :

: :

JOMAR ERIC RODRIGUEZ :

:

Appellant : No. 404 EDA 2019

Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered May 31, 2017 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-09-CR-0005981-2016

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., MURRAY, J., and PELLEGRINI, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY MURRAY, J.: FILED AUGUST 23, 2019

Jomar Eric Rodriguez (Appellant) appeals from the judgment of sentence

imposed after the trial court found him guilty of four counts each of possession

with the intent to deliver heroin (PWID) and possession of a controlled

substance; the court also convicted Appellant of one count each of criminal

use of a communication facility, dealing in proceeds of unlawful activities, and

criminal conspiracy.1 Upon review, we vacate Appellant’s sentence only as to

Appellant’s eligibility for a reduced sentence under the Recidivism Risk

Reduction Incentive (RRRI) Act, 61 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 4501-4512. In all other

respects, the judgment of sentence is affirmed.

* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.

135 P.S. §§ 780-113(a)(30), (a)(16); 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 7512(a), (5111)(a)(1), and 903.

The underlying charges arose after Appellant was involved in distributing

heroin to a police informant, and law enforcement executed a search warrant

on his residence. Trial Court Opinion, 4/24/19, at 1-2. Upon executing the

warrant, police found 13 bundles of heroin and a handgun. N.T., 5/17/17, at

102-14. A subsequent search of Appellant revealed he had over $1,000 on

his person. Id. at 141.

Appellant was charged with and convicted of the above crimes.2 On May

31, 2017, the trial court sentenced Appellant to an aggregate 6 to 20 years of

incarceration. On June 6, 2017, Appellant filed a timely post-sentence motion.

The trial court never ruled on Appellant’s post-sentence motion. On December

12, 2017, Appellant filed a pro se petition pursuant to the Post Conviction

Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9541-9546. After appointing PCRA counsel

and postponing several hearings, the court dismissed Appellant’s petition,

stating that the petition was “premature” because of the outstanding post-

sentence motion. Order, 1/10/19, at 1. The court also ordered the clerk of

2 The trial court found Appellant not guilty of drug delivery resulting in death, 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2506(a). It appears from the record that the Commonwealth charged Appellant with violating Section 2506(a) under a theory that the heroin Appellant distributed to the police informant was then sold to an individual who subsequently died from an overdose. See Trial Court Opinion, 4/24/19, at 1-2.

courts to “enter a judgment DENYING [Appellant’s] post-sentence motion for

reconsideration of sentence, filed June 6, 2017, by operation of law.”3 Id.

On January 31, 2019, Appellant filed this appeal. Both Appellant and

the trial court have complied with Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure

1925. Appellant presents two issues for review:

[1.] Did the lower court err in not imposing a RRRI minimum sentence at the time of sentencing, or appropriately thereafter, given that Appellant was entitled to the imposition of a RRRI minimum pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 9756 and 61 Pa.C.S. § 4501, thus rendering the sentence illegal?

[2.] Did the lower court abuse its discretion in rendering the sentence imposed because:

a. The lower court relied upon uncharged and unproven conduct in rendering a sentence that departed upwards from the Sentencing Guidelines, specifically, alleged evidence that Appellant had been

3 A trial court has 120 days to decide a post-sentence motion; if it fails to decide it in that period, the motion is deemed denied by operation of law. See Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(B)(3)(a). At that time, “the clerk of courts shall forthwith enter an order on behalf of the court [denying the post-sentence motion by operation of law], and . . . forthwith shall serve a copy of the order on the attorney for the Commonwealth, the defendant’s attorney, or the defendant if unrepresented, that the post-sentence motion is deemed denied.” Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(B)(3)(c). Here, the 120-day period to decide Appellant’s post-sentence motion expired on October 4, 2017, but the clerk of courts failed to enter an order to that effect. Thus, technically, Appellant’s notice of appeal, filed on January 31, 2019, is untimely. However, “[t]his Court has previously held that, where the clerk of courts does not enter an order indicating that the post-sentence motion is denied by operation of law and notify the defendant of same, a breakdown in the court system has occurred and we will not find an appeal untimely under these circumstances.” Commonwealth v. Perry, 820 A.2d 734, 735 (Pa. Super. 2003). As Appellant filed his notice of appeal within 30 days of the trial court’s order dated January 10, 2019—the date his post-sentence motion was denied—we decline to find that Appellant’s appeal is untimely.

selling heroin for a “long time” and for about three years, where the crimes charged reflected that Appellant made three drug sales within a very short period of time;

b. The lower court failed to appropriately weigh that Appellant essentially pled guilty to the charges upon which he was sentenced;

c. The lower court, in departing upwards from the aggravated range of the guidelines, for a defendant who had no prior record, failed to appropriately consider Appellant’s lack of a prior record and treated Appellant disproportionately as compared to other similarly situated individuals convicted of the same type of conduct as Appellant, suggesting that the court relied, in part, on the fact that Appellant was originally charged with drug delivery resulting in death, despite the fact that the court acquitted Appellant of that charge.

Appellant’s Brief at vi.

RRRI

Appellant first argues that the trial court erred by failing to impose an

RRRI minimum sentence. Appellant’s Brief at 6-7. The Commonwealth

agrees, stating, “remand for a hearing is appropriate on the sole issue of

determining whether Appellant, is in fact, eligible for a RRRI minimum

sentence.” Commonwealth Brief at 17. The Commonwealth acknowledges

Appellant “may be eligible under the RRRI Act.” Id.

Likewise, the trial court requests remand. The trial court states:

The RRRI eligibility of Appellant was briefly discussed during his verdict and sentencing on June 1, 2017. Whether Appellant was eligible for RRRI was called into question by the Commonwealth because one issue involved a firearm. However, none of the crimes charged had a firearm component, so this [c]ourt gave leave to the Commonwealth and [d]efense counsel

to research the issue and file an agreed order within ten days. On the record, this [c]ourt informed Appellant that with Appellant’s aggregate sentence, Appellant’s minimum sentence would be sixty months. On June 6, 2017, [d]efense [c]ounsel did file a motion for reconsideration of sentence, however, [d]efense counsel only raised issues relating to the discretionary aspects of sentencing and did not raise the issue of RRRI eligibility. On January 9, 2019, a judgment denying Appellant’s post-sentence [m]otion for [r]econsideration of [s]entence by [o]peration of [l]aw was entered. Therefore, this [c]ourt respectfully requests the Superior Court [r]emand this matter so as to sentence Appellant according to his appropriate RRRI [m]inimum.

Trial Court Opinion, 4/24/19, at 4-5 (citations to notes of testimony omitted).

Appellant’s “challenge relative to the failure to apply a RRRI minimum

[is] a non-waivable illegal sentencing claim.” Commonwealth v. Tobin, 89

A.3d 663, 670 (Pa. Super. 2014) (citation omitted). “Issues relating to the

legality of a sentence are questions of law.” Commonwealth v. Wolfe, 106

A.3d 800, 802 (Pa. Super. 2014) (citation omitted). “Our standard of review

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