Com. v. Ramer, R., Sr.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania

Com. v. Ramer, R., Sr.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania·Decided November 9, 2018·No. 638 MDA 2018·Unpublished

Opinion

J-S52025-18

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : RANDY EUGENE RAMER, SR. : : Appellant : No. 638 MDA 2018

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered March 21, 2018 In the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-22-CR-0006173-2013

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., McLAUGHLIN, J., and STRASSBURGER*, J.

MEMORANDUM BY McLAUGHLIN, J.: FILED: NOVEMBER 9, 2018

Randy Eugene Ramer, Sr. appeals the order dismissing as untimely his

petition for relief under the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A.

§§ 9541-9546. He maintains that his Sexually Violent Predator (“SVP”)

designation is unconstitutional and his sentence is illegal. We affirm.

The procedural history of this case is as follows. On September 25,

2014, Ramer pled guilty to a number of sex crimes. The trial court designated

him as an SVP and sentenced him to eight to 20 years’ incarceration and

applied the requirements of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act

(“SORNA”). Ramer did not file a direct appeal. In August 2017, Ramer filed

his first pro se PCRA petition, which gave rise to this appeal. The PCRA court

appointed counsel, who filed an amended petition.

In his amended petition, Ramer acknowledged that the petition was

untimely but argued that a time-bar exception applied, i.e., a newly

____________________________________ * Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-S52025-18

recognized constitutional right that applies retroactively. See Amended PCRA

Petition, filed 10/3/17, ¶¶ 7, 9; see also 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(iii). Since

he committed his crimes prior to the enactment of SORNA, Ramer argued that

it was illegal for the trial court to sentence him to the requirements of SORNA.

See Amended PCRA Petition, at ¶ 11. Accordingly, he argued that he satisfied

Section 9545(b)(1)(iii) based on the holding of Commonwealth v. Muniz,

164 A.3d 1189 (Pa. 2017). Id.

The trial court in Muniz applied SORNA’s registration requirements to

Muniz even though his sex offenses were committed prior to the enactment of

SORNA. Muniz, 164 A.3d at 1193. This Court affirmed but our Supreme Court

reversed and held that the retroactive application of SORNA’s registration

provisions was unconstitutional under both federal and state law. Id. at 1193-

94.

Here, after reviewing the petition, the trial court issued notice of its

intent to dismiss the petition without a hearing. See Pa.R.Crim.P. 907. It later

dismissed the petition concluding that while Muniz applied to Ramer’s case,

no relief was due since he would have been subject to the same registration

requirements in effect at the time of his offenses, i.e., lifetime registration.

See Trial Court Memorandum Opinion, filed 2/16/18, at 3. This timely appeal

followed.

On appeal, Ramer raises two issues for our review:

I. Whether the Commonwealth failed to present sufficient evidence to prove that [Ramer] is a Sexually Violent

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Predator (SVP), and whether the determination is unconstitutional?

II. Whether [Ramer] was sentenced to an illegal sentence?

Ramer’s Br. at 4 (suggested answers omitted).

The PCRA’s one-year time-bar is jurisdictional in nature and as such, we

must address the timeliness of Ramer’s petition, before we can reach the

merits of Ramer’s claims. See Commonwealth v. Fennell, 180 A.3d 778,

781 (Pa.Super. 2018) (en banc). A timely petition is one that a petitioner files

within one year of the judgment of sentence being final, unless one of the

statutory time-bar exceptions applies. See Commonwealth v. Staton, 184

A.3d 949, 954 (Pa. 2018). “[A] judgment of sentence becomes final at the

conclusion of direct review, including discretionary review in the Supreme

Court of the United States and the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or at the

expiration of time for seeking the review.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3). If a

petitioner fails to file a timely petition, the trial court is without jurisdiction to

hear the petition. Fennell, 180 A.3d at 786.

A petitioner bears the burden of pleading and proving that one of the

time-bar exceptions applies. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). These

exceptions include: (1) the failure to raise the claim was the result of illegal

interference by government officials; (2) the facts of the claim(s) were

unknown and could not have be ascertained through due diligence; or (3) a

newly recognized Constitutional right recognized by the United States

Supreme Court or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania that has been held to

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apply retroactively. Id. A petitioner must raise the time-bar exception within

60 days of the date the claim could have been raised. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §

9545(b)(2). “Although legality of sentence is subject to review within the

PCRA, claims must still first satisfy the PCRA’s time limits or one of the

exceptions thereto.” Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 223 (Pa.

1999).

Here, Ramer’s judgment of sentence became final on October 27, 2014,

after his time to appeal to this Court expired.1 Therefore, he had until October

27, 2015 to file a timely PCRA petition. Thus, the instant petition filed on

August 18, 2017 is untimely unless one of the exceptions applies. As noted

above, Ramer’s PCRA petition claimed relief under the newly recognized

constitutional right time-bar exception, citing to Muniz’s holding. However,

his brief on appeal avoids any discussion of the timeliness of his petition. He

has thus abandoned that argument on appeal, and in so doing, fails to

establish his petition was timely.

Moreover, the newly recognized constitutional right exception would not

apply here. For a “new” constitutional right to qualify as an exception to the

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1 The 30-day period for Ramer to file a direct appeal to this Court expired on Saturday, October 25, 2014. He therefore had until the following Monday, October 27, 2014 to file a timely appeal. See 1 Pa.C.S.A. § 1908 (“Whenever the last day of any such period shall fall on Saturday or Sunday . . . such day shall be omitted from the computation.”).

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PCRA’s time-bar, either the United States Supreme Court or Pennsylvania

Supreme Court must have determined that the “new” right applies

retroactively. Since neither the Pennsylvania Supreme Court nor the United

States Supreme Court has held that Muniz applies retroactively to untimely

claims on collateral review, no relief is due. See Commonwealth v. Murphy,

180 A.3d 402, 405-06 (Pa.Super. 2018).

Furthermore, Ramer’s reliance on Commonwealth v. Butler, 173 A.3d

1212, 1218 (Pa.Super. 2017), appeal granted, 2018 WL 3633945 (Pa. 2018),

is misplaced as Butler does not relieve him of the requirement to satisfy at

least one of the time-bar exceptions. See Ramer’s Br. at 10-11. As is the case

with Muniz, neither the United States Supreme Court nor our Supreme Court

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