Com. v. Hall, J.

• Court: Superior Court of Pennsylvania
• Decided: August 22, 2022
• Docket: 400 WDA 2021
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

J-S20007-22

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : JOSEPH HALL : : Appellant : No. 400 WDA 2021

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered March 2, 2021 In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-02-CR-0001967-2007

BEFORE: NICHOLS, J., MURRAY, J., and KING, J.

MEMORANDUM BY NICHOLS, J.: FILED: AUGUST 22, 2022

Appellant Joseph Hall appeals from the order dismissing his second Post

Conviction Relief Act1 (PCRA) petition as untimely. Appellant contends that

he satisfied the newly discovered fact exception to the PCRA’s timing

restrictions. We vacate and remand for further proceedings.

A prior panel of this Court summarized the relevant facts and procedural

history of this matter as follows:

On December 20, 2006, at approximately 3:05 p.m., James Stubbs, a seventeen-year-old student in the City of Pittsburgh School District, was shot and killed on the streets of Pittsburgh, just a short distance from his school. The evidence presented by the Commonwealth established that Appellant was in the company of Lamont Hall and Allan Strothers (Strothers), in a vehicle driven by Strothers on the afternoon in question. The evidence presented established that Strothers, Lamont Hall and Appellant drove to the Homewood Section of Pittsburgh, ostensibly to look for girls. Testimony established that Appellant was armed with a ____________________________________________

1 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. J-S20007-22

[.]22 caliber pistol, while Lamont Hall was carrying a [.]40 caliber pistol.

Prior to the shooting a school police officer, Steven Shaulis, who was familiar with Appellant, saw him in a car near Westinghouse High School. Within a minute or two of seeing Appellant, [Officer] Shaulis heard gunshots from an area where Stubbs was later found. The physical evidence established that Stubbs was shot in the back with a [.]22 caliber bullet. The school police officers were able to provide a license plate for the car in which Appellant had been seen shortly before the shooting. Within hours of this event, Strothers called the authorities to report that his car had been stolen. Curiously, Strothers also reported that his “stolen” car had been located and recovered by himself. Strothers agreed to meet with police officers concerning this purported theft of his vehicle. Prior to meeting with the officers, Strothers advised the police that he had heard that a shooting occurred and that a car similar to his had been used in the shooting incident. Strothers claimed in his call to the police that he wanted to make it clear that he was not using his car at the time of the shooting. Strothers then physically met with officers of the City of Pittsburgh Police. At this time, Strothers admitted that he was driving the vehicle and that Appellant shot Stubbs with a [.]22 caliber weapon. Strothers also advised the police that Lamont Hall had produced a [.]40 caliber gun and began firing as well. Strothers was subsequently relocated for his safety, and charges were filed against Appellant and Lamont Hall.

Strothers had numerous encounters with law enforcement in the ensuing months. He identified Appellant as the shooter of Stubbs to a member of the Allegheny County Sheriff’s Office who displayed a photo array to Strothers at the request of the Pittsburgh Police. Strothers gave a subsequent statement in January of 2007 to other detectives of the City of Pittsburgh Homicide Unit, providing greater detail as to the incident surrounding the shooting. Strothers later testified at a preliminary hearing as well as at a state grand jury proceeding. In all of his statements, Strothers consistently identified Appellant as the man who shot Stubbs.

At some later time, Strothers met with Appellant’s mother and gave her a taped statement that contradicted his prior sworn testimony. All of this evidence was presented to the jury for their consideration. In addition to this evidence, Appellant also presented an alibi defense for the jury to evaluate. He called to

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the stand several witnesses who testified that they saw Appellant at a gas station in the Penn Hills section of the city of Pittsburgh at the time of the shooting. The jury, however, disbelieved Appellant’s alibi evidence and convicted him of third-degree murder and VUFA. Lamont Hall was found guilty of VUFA only. Following his convictions, Appellant was sentenced to seventeen and one-half to thirty-five years of incarceration].

Commonwealth v. Hall, 545 WDA 2009, 32 A.3d 283 (Pa. Super. filed July

27, 2011) (unpublished mem.). On direct appeal, this Court affirmed

Appellant’s judgment of sentence, and our Supreme Court denied Appellant’s

petition for allowance of appeal on April 02, 2012. See id., appeal denied, 42

A.3d 291 (Pa. 2011).

Appellant filed a timely first PCRA petition on November 19, 2012, which

the PCRA court denied on March 6, 2014. Appellant filed an appeal, and on

October 20, 2015, this Court affirmed the order dismissing Appellant’s first

PCRA petition. Commonwealth v. Hall, 437 WDA 2014 (Pa. Super. filed Oct.

20, 2015) (unpublished mem.), appeal denied, 141 A.3d 478 (Pa. 2016).

On June 18, 2018, Appellant filed his initial second PCRA petition, which

underlies the instant appeal. Thereafter, Appellant requested and was granted

several extensions of time in which to file an amended second PCRA petition.

On October 2, 2019, the PCRA court directed Appellant to file his amended

second PCRA petition on or before December 7, 2019. Appellant complied and

filed his amended petition on December 6, 2019. The PCRA court held a

hearing on November 17 and 18, 2020. In an order filed on March 2, 2021,

the PCRA court dismissed Appellant’s amended second PCRA petition, finding

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that Appellant’s petition was untimely and no exceptions to the PCRA time bar

applied.

Appellant filed a timely appeal, and the PCRA court ordered Appellant to

file concise statement of errors complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.

1925(b). Appellant filed his Rule 1925(b) statement on May 3, 2021.

Despite Appellant filing a timely Rule 1925(b) statement, the PCRA court

did not file an opinion. On December 20, 2021, Appellant filed a motion in

this Court seeking to expedite the appeal despite the absence of the PCRA

court’s opinion. On December 30, 2021, we ordered the PCRA court to

complete, certify, and transmit the record to this Court within fourteen days.

Although the PCRA court transmitted the record to this Court, it did not file an

opinion.2

On appeal, Appellant presents the following issues:

I. Whether [Appellant] established that recently obtained statements of three different eyewitnesses are “facts” that were both (i) previously unknown to him and (ii) unable to be ascertained by the exercise of due diligence, within the meaning of 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii)?

II. Whether [Appellant’s] actual innocence provides a gateway to overcome any procedural issues, including timeliness, allowing a PCRA court to rule on the merits of [Appellant’s] claims?

Appellant’s Brief at 4.

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2As the Commonwealth notes, during the pendency of this appeal, the PCRA court judge, the Honorable David R. Cashman, retired from the Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas. Commonwealth’s Brief at 6.

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Before we may reach the merits of Appellant’s appeal, we must first

address whether Appellant filed his PCRA petition in a timely manner. See

Commonwealth v. Albrecht, 994 A.2d 1091, 1093 (Pa. 2010). It is well

settled that the PCRA’s timeliness requirements are jurisdictional in nature,

and a court may not address the merits of the issues raised if the PCRA petition

was not timely filed. See id. (citation omitted).

As we have noted, the PCRA Court dismissed Appellant’s underlying

PCRA petition because it found that the petition was untimely filed. Order,

3/2/21. “A PCRA petition, including a second or subsequent one, must be filed

within one year of the date the petitioner’s judgment of sentence became final,

unless he pleads and proves one of the three exceptions outlined in 42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(1).” Commonwealth v. Jones, 54 A.3d 14, 16 (Pa. 2012)

(citation and footnote omitted). A judgment of sentence becomes final at the

conclusion of direct review, or at the expiration of time for seeking such

review. See id. at 17. However, courts may consider a PCRA petition filed

more than one year after judgment of sentence becomes final when the

petitioner pleads and proves one of the following three statutory exceptions:

(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of interference by government officials with the presentation of the claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States;

(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the exercise of due diligence; or

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(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in this section and has been held by that court to apply retroactively.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). A petitioner asserting one of these exceptions

must file a PCRA petition within one year of the date the claim could have first

been presented. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2).3 It is the petitioner’s “burden

to allege and prove that one of the timeliness exceptions applies.”

Commonwealth v. Albrecht, 994 A.2d 1091, 1094 (Pa. 2010) (citations

omitted and some formatting altered).

Here, the record reflects that Appellant’s judgment of sentence became

final on July 1, 2012, ninety after the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania denied

allowance of appeal and the time in which to file a petition for a writ of

certiorari in the Supreme Court of the United States expired. See 42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(3); U.S. Sup. Ct. Rule 13. Accordingly, Appellant had until July 1,

2013, in which to file a timely PCRA petition. However, Appellant filed the ____________________________________________

3 In Appellant’s “initial second PCRA petition,” filed on June 18, 2018, he alleges that he learned of the new facts on April 19, 2018. See Initial Second PCRA Pet., 6/18/18, at ¶48. Therefore, according to Appellant’s timeline, he had one year in which to file a PCRA petition and to raise an exception under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii), because Appellant alleges that his claim for exception to the time bar arose after December 24, 2017. See Commonwealth v. Williams, 215 A.3d 1019, 1024 n.2 (Pa. Super. 2019) (explaining that on December 24, 2018, the Legislature amended Section 9545(b)(2) to expand the time for filing a PCRA petition from 60 days to one year from the date the claim could have been presented, and this amendment applies only to claims arising on or after December 24, 2017, pursuant to 2018 Pa.Legis.Serv.Act 2018-146(S.B. 915)). Notably, if Appellant’s claims arose prior to December 24, 2017, Appellant had only sixty days to file his petition. See id.

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initial second PCRA petition underlying this appeal on June 18, 2018.

Therefore, Appellant’s PCRA petition is untimely, and is time barred unless he

satisfies one of the exceptions set forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).

Although the PCRA court’s March 2, 2021 order concludes that

Appellant’s instant PCRA petition is untimely and that no exceptions apply, the

PCRA court’s order provides no basis or reasoning for its conclusion.

Additionally, the PCRA court did not file a Rule 1925(a) opinion in this matter.

As such, we have no credibility determinations, findings of fact, or conclusions

of law supporting the PCRA court’s order.4

In Commonwealth v. Montalvo, 114 A.3d 401 (Pa. 2015), our

Supreme Court reviewed the denial of PCRA relief in a capital case. Upon

review, the Court found that the PCRA court’s opinion was deficient. Id. at

410. The Court explained: “in order to enable appellate review, PCRA courts

are required to provide a legally robust discussion, complete with clear

findings of fact where required.” Id. at 410 (citations omitted and formatting

altered). “Where a PCRA court fails to support its holding with sufficient ____________________________________________

4 In its brief on appeal, the Commonwealth concedes that there were no findings of fact, conclusions of law, or credibility determinations made by the PCRA court. See Commonwealth’s Brief at 4-6. Moreover, the Commonwealth maintains the same position it took before the PCRA court and agrees that the testimony from Appellant’s three witnesses at the PCRA hearing was inconsistent with the Commonwealth’s trial evidence. Id. at 4- 5. However, although the Commonwealth concedes that Appellant met the “new facts” exception to the PCRA time bar, it maintains that Appellant is not due PCRA relief because the witnesses were “incredible.” Id. at 3 -5. Accordingly, the Commonwealth requests that this case be remanded to the PCRA court for a merits determination, unless this Court can determine that the PCRA Court was correct. Id. at 9.

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explanations of the facts and law, or [it] fails to provide an adequate opinion

addressing all of the claims raised in a PCRA petition, including factual and

credibility disputes, a remand is appropriate.” Id. Additionally, remand may

necessitate further proceedings including holding a hearing and the admission

of supplemental evidence from which the PCRA court can make findings of fact

and conclusions of law regarding the credibility of the proposed testimony, as

well as its impact on the truth-determining process. Id.

The Montalvo Court proceeded to explain that the judge who oversaw

the PCRA proceedings in that matter (Judge Dorney) had retired without

making sufficient findings of fact and conclusions of law, and while the matter

was reassigned to a new judge (Judge Bortner) for the purposes of drafting a

Rule 1925(a) opinion, Judge Bortner’s opinion merely deferred to earlier

opinions written by Judge Dorney which our Supreme Court found insufficient

to allow for appellate review. Id. at 410-11. Moreover, the Montalvo Court

recognized that because Judge Dorney had retired, when the matter was

remanded to the PCRA court, it would be assigned to a judge who did not have

the benefit of presiding over the appellant’s prior PCRA hearings. Id. at 411.

Under these circumstances, the Montalvo Court held that on remand, the

newly assigned judge was permitted to conduct additional hearings and admit

evidence. Id.

In the instant case, we are without the PCRA court’s credibility

determinations, factual findings, or any basis upon which the PCRA court

based its decision. Further complicating matters, the PCRA court judge has

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now retired. Despite the PCRA court holding a hearing in this matter, all this

Court has is the PCRA court’s order that Appellant’s PCRA petition was

untimely and that no exceptions applied. See Order, 3/2/21. Just as in

Montalvo, “in short, we have no basis upon which to conduct meaningful

appellate review.” See Montalvo, 114 A.3d at 411. On this record, we

conclude that remand is necessary. See id.; see also Commonwealth v.

Shiloh, 170 A.3d 553, 558 (Pa. Super. 2017) (remanding for a determination

concerning the PCRA’s newly discovered facts exception and explaining that

the “due diligence inquiry” under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1) is a fact-sensitive

determination, dependent upon the circumstances presented).

For these reasons, we vacate the order of the PCRA court and remand

this matter to the PCRA court to conduct further proceedings, make factual

findings and legal conclusions to determine Appellant’s new facts time bar

claim, and to address the merits of these claims, including credibility, as

appropriate. See Montalvo, 114 A.3d at 411-12.

Order vacated. Case remanded with instructions. Jurisdiction

relinquished.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary

Date: 8/22/2022

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