Com. v. Cruz, T.
This text of Com. v. Cruz, T. (Com. v. Cruz, T.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.
Opinion
J-S28032-20
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : TONY CRUZ : : Appellant : No. 2078 MDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 4, 2019 in the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-36-CR-0001341-2019
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : TONY CRUZ : : Appellant : No. 2079 MDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 4, 2019 in the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-36-CR-0002370-2019
BEFORE: BOWES, J., OLSON, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY MUSMANNO, J.: FILED SEPTEMBER 08, 2020
Tony Cruz (“Cruz”) appeals from the judgment of sentence entered
following his convictions of three counts of rape, four counts of incest, and
one count each of rape of a child, incest of a minor, indecent assault – person
less than 13 years of age, unlawful contact with a minor, corruption of minors, J-S28032-20
indecent exposure, and involuntary deviate sexual assault.1 We affirm in part
and vacate in part.
In 2019, Cruz was arrested and charged with rape of a child and other
related charges, at two separate docket numbers, following allegations that
he had sexually abused several of his daughters and nieces from
approximately 1984 to 1995, and from 2000 to 2004. The cases were
consolidated for trial. Following a jury trial, Cruz was convicted of the above-
referenced crimes. The trial court deferred sentencing for the preparation of
a pre-sentence investigation report. On November 4, 2019, Cruz was
sentenced to an aggregate term of 26 to 68 years in prison. During the
sentencing hearing, the trial court informed Cruz of his registration
requirements under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act.2
Additionally, the trial court ordered Cruz to have “absolutely no contact” with
the victims or their families (hereinafter, the “No-Contact Provision”). N.T.
(Sentencing), 11/4/19, at 40.
Cruz filed a timely post-sentence Motion on November 13, 2019, and
the trial court denied his Motion on November 18, 2019. Cruz filed two timely
Notices of Appeal, one at each docket number, and a court-ordered Pa.R.A.P.
1925(b) Concise Statement.
____________________________________________
1 See 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3123(a)(1), 4302(a), (b)(2), 3121(c), 3126(a)(7), 6318(a)(1), 6301(a)(1), 3172(a), and 3123(a).
2 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.51-9799.75.
-2- J-S28032-20
On appeal, Cruz raises the following issue: “Did the trial court err in
imposing a condition of no contact with the victims and their families, where
the [trial] court had no jurisdiction to impose this condition, either as a
condition of incarceration or as a condition of state parole?” Brief for Appellant
at 8.
Cruz argues that the trial court’s imposition of the No-Contact Provision
exceeded its jurisdiction, as such a condition would be within the exclusive
authority of either the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (the “DOC”)
or the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole (the “Board”). Id. at 13.
Cruz relies on DOC regulations that prohibit inmates from corresponding with
their victims or a victim’s immediate family members, as well as the DOC’s
prohibition on inmates initiating telephone calls to a victim of their crime. Id.
at 14-15. Cruz implores us to vacate the portion of the trial court’s sentence
that prohibits him from contacting the victims or their families. Id. at 15.
Cruz challenges the authority of the trial court to impose the No-Contact
Provision as part of his sentence. “The issue of whether the trial court
possessed the authority to impose a particular sentence implicates the legality
of the sentence.” Commonwealth v. Mears, 972 A.2d 1210, 1211 n.1 (Pa.
Super. 2009).
The scope and standard of review applied to determine the legality of a sentence are well established. If no statutory authorization exists for a particular sentence, that sentence is illegal and subject to correction. An illegal sentence must be vacated. In evaluating a trial court’s application of a statute, our standard of review is
-3- J-S28032-20
plenary and is limited to determining whether the trial court committed an error of law.
Commonwealth v. Leverette, 911 A.2d 998, 1001-02 (Pa. Super. 2006)
(internal citations omitted).
“[I]t is well settled that the [Board] has exclusive authority to determine
parole when the offender is sentenced to a maximum term of imprisonment
of two or more years[.]” Commonwealth v. Camps, 772 A.2d 70, 74 (Pa.
Super. 2001); see also 61 Pa.C.S.A. § 6132(a). As a result, the Board has
the sole authority to determine the conditions of parole, and “any condition
the sentencing court purport[s] to impose … is advisory only.” Mears, 972
A.2d at 1212; see also Commonwealth v. Coulverson, 34 A.3d 135, 142-
43 (Pa. Super. 2011) (concluding that the trial court’s imposition of a provision
restricting the defendant from contacting the victims of his crime upon his
release on parole was outside of the authority of the trial court); 16 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 6134(b) (providing that a sentencing court may make a recommendation to
the Board concerning the person sentenced, and that any recommendation
“respecting the parole or terms of parole of a person shall be advisory only.”).
During the sentencing hearing, the trial court did not specify whether it
intended for the No-Contact Provision to apply during Cruz’s prison term, as
a condition of parole, or both. See N.T. (Sentencing), 11/4/19, at 40. In its
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion, the trial court indicates that it imposed the No-
-4- J-S28032-20
Contact provision during Cruz’s prison term.3 Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion,
1/24/20, at 3. Additionally, the trial court acknowledges that the No-Contact
Provision “should be read as advisory only upon parole.” Id.
Regarding the imposition of the No-Contact Provision for the duration of
Cruz’s prison term, the trial court did not identify, nor can we can find any
statutory or other legal authority, to support the trial court’s imposition of the
No-Contact Provision as a special condition of Cruz’s prison sentence. We
emphasize that “[i]f no statutory authorization exists for a particular sentence,
that sentence is illegal and subject to correction.” Mears, 972 A.2d at 1211.
Further, because Cruz was sentenced to a maximum term of more than
two years in prison, if Cruz is granted parole, the Board will possess the sole
authority to determine the conditions of his parole. Id. at 1212; Coulverson,
supra. Thus, to the extent that the No-Contact Provision was imposed as a
condition of Cruz’s future parole, the trial court exceeded its authority in
including it in its sentencing scheme, and we must vacate the No-Contact
Provision in that regard. Mears, supra. Because Cruz’s aggregate sentence
has not been disturbed, we need not remand to the trial court for re-
sentencing. See Commonwealth v.
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
Related
Cite This Page — Counsel Stack
Com. v. Cruz, T., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/com-v-cruz-t-pasuperct-2020.