J. S38013/14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA v. : : DARRYL D. BLACK, : No. 2183 EDA 2013 : Appellant :
Appeal from the PCRA Order, June 28, 2013, in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at No. CP-51-CR-1206101-2005
BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., BOWES AND SHOGAN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.: FILED AUGUST 27, 2014
Darryl D. Black appeals from the order of June 28, 2013, dismissing
his PCRA1 petition without a hearing. We affirm.
The facts of this matter have been aptly and thoroughly summarized in
a prior opinion by the trial court, the Honorable M. Teresa Sarmina, as
follows:
On July 29, 2003, at around 7:30 pm, James Scott (hereinafter, victim) was shot to death in broad daylight in his row home located at 2219 Uber Street, in Philadelphia. He was shot seven times -- three times in the back, twice in the left arm and one time each in both the chest and the right thigh. The victim was rushed to Temple University Hospital where he was pronounced dead on arrival.[Footnote 5]
1 Post-Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. J. S38013/14
[Footnote 5] The medical examiner concluded that the cause of death was multiple gunshot wounds. One base jacketed medium-sized hollow point bullet caused massive hemorrhaging
the lower back, penetrating his diaphragm, twelfth rib, and lower right lung, bouncing off of the vertebrae in the thoracic spine, piercing the upper right lung and the sub-clavian artery and,
The shooting punctuated a series of arguments that had escalated over three or four days before the shooting incident between the victim and his neighbors, Sherron Dennis[Footnote 6] and Carline Izzard. On the day of the shooting, Sherron Dennis, Teia Dennis, Ms. Izzard, and the
was invited, but had not yet arrived.[Footnote 7] An intense argument erupted involving Sherron Dennis, Ms. Izzard and the victim. The victim left Sherron [appellant] arrived, Sherron Dennis told him of the dispute she had with the victim. [Appellant] asked her the whereabouts of the victim, and she told him e victim] was probably upstairs in his -- perceptibly angry -- walked off toward Susquehanna Avenue.
though it also appears on various exhibits, and in the Quarter Sessions file pertaining to her solicitation charge, as
[Footnote 7] [Appellant] was Sherron
Thereafter, at just before 7:30 pm, a second argument ensued between the victim, who was on
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the front step of his home, and Sherron Dennis. As the victim argued, [appellant] approached on Uber Street from the direction of Susquehanna
[appellant] had changed into a black hoodie and black glasses. When [appellant] arrived in front of
exited through the back of his t-shirt. The victim spun around and retreated inside his home. [Appellant] followed the victim into the residence, and closed the door behind them. Several more shots were heard. Shortly thereafter, [appellant]
[Footnote 8] Shortly before the shooting, Kenneth Collins and a few family members and friends had gathered around the front step of his residence at 2311 North Uber Street. Collins was seated on the step. A stocky male passed by them at a distance of approximately six or seven feet coming from Susquehanna Avenue on Uber home. All of his clothing was black. The
home, raised his arm and began shooting at the victim. Upon hearing the shots, the gathering in front of residence dispersed, and Collins scrambled into his home. Once inside, Collins heard several more gunshots.
Coincidentally, at that same time, Officers Ronald Gilbert and Aaron Green of the Philadelphia Highway Patrol, were parked in their marked patrol car at the intersection of Susquehanna Avenue and Uber Street.[Footnote 9] As soon as the shots rang out, they looked in the direction of the incident and saw the shooter firing from the pavement into the residence at 2219 Uber Street. They exited their patrol car and ran toward the scene, but the shooter disappeared into the house. As they closed in on the
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residence, [appellant] emerged from the house.[Footnote 10] [Appellant] fired one shot directly at Officer Gilbert, but missed, and then [appellant] ducked for cover. He ran across the street, past S.J. who was outside playing with a ball,[Footnote 11] and into a parking lot. Officer Gilbert observed [appellant] standing next to a dumpster with his gun drawn and he fired four shots at [appellant], but missed.[Footnote 12] [Appellant] fled to the 2200 block of 20th Street
[Footnote 9] They were there to execute a warrant at a location unrelated to this incident.
[Footnote 10] Officer Gilbert testified that he was able to observe the shooter at this point for a period of approximately five (5) to ten (10) seconds. He identified him from a photo array.
appears in the certified record; however, she will be referred to herein by her initials, S.J. See Commonwealth v. Bryson, 860 A.2d 1101, n 2 (Pa.Super. 2004). Twelve year old S.J. was playing with a ball with her friends in a lot located between Uber and 20th Streets. She overheard a verbal dispute between
At one point, the ball rolled away and was retrieved by a man walking by. She then observed as the same man
just stand on the pavement and shoot. He walked up two steps and shot into the
later that night.
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[Footnote 12] Officer Green never fired his weapon.
During the investigation of the area outside of 2219 Uber Street, Officer Leo Everett Rahill, of the Crime Scene Unit, recovered ten (10) fired cartridge cases and five (5) spent bullets. Inside, he located four (4) more fired cartridge cases and one additional (1) spent bullet.[Footnote 13] A Keltec P-11 .9 millimeter semiautomatic handgun was recovered from behind the dumpster, next to where [appellant] had been standing. Officer John Cannon, of the Firearms Identification Unit, examined the firearm and the ballistics evidence and concluded that the three (3) spent bullets recovered from the
near the dumpster.[Footnote 14]
[Footnote 13] A spent bullet was also retrieved from the window frame of a nearby residence.
[Footnote 14] The recovered Keltec firearm did not contain any fingerprints that could be used to identify the shooter. Officer Cannon concluded that ten (10) of the fired cartridge cases (hereinafter, FCC) recovered, and five (5) of the spent bullets recovered, had been fired from the Keltec firearm. He further concluded that four other (4) FCCs, and two (2) spent bullets were
Two (2) spent bullets were inconclusive as to whether they had been fired from the Keltec firearm, although they had not
Two (2) additional spent bullets were inconclusive as to whether they had been
although Officer Cannon concluded that they had not been fired from the Keltec firearm.
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Later that night, S.J., Kenneth Collins[Footnote 15] and Officer Green[Footnote 16] gave statements.[Footnote 17] The next day, Ms. Izzard gave a statement. At that time, she described the arguments that had taken place leading up to the shooting, but did not describe nor indicate that she knew the identity of the shooter.
[Footnote 15] At that time, Collins
about 30 or so. He was maybe five nine to five eleven, heavier than me, kind of stocky. I weigh 155 pounds. He was wearing black clothes, a long sleeve black shir remember that it was a hoodie and he
notice his sneaks, just that he was
[Footnote 16] At that time, Officer Green
about medium complected, five nine, five eleven, stocky build, bearded and low cut
[Footnote 17] Due to the discharge of his weapon, Officer Gilbert was not questioned until the investigation by Internal Affairs Division Shooting Team was concluded. Accordingly, Officer Gilbert gave a statement over a year after the shooting, in September of 2004.
The identity of the shooter remained unknown until the case was taken up in June of 2004 by Detective Timothy Bass of the Special Investigations Unit. On June 2, 2004, Detective Bass re-
him,[Footnote 18] but did not know his name.
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boyfriend as [appellant]. He prepared a photographic line- image and, on September 23rd and 24th of 2004, presented it to Officer Green, Ms. Izzard, and Officer Gilbert, all of whom selected the image of [appellant] as the shooter.
[Footnote 18] Ms. Izzard first suggested
shooter during her June 2, 2004
during this argument did Sherron say that she was going to get somebody to
whole time she was saying to [the
said it a couple of times, and [the victim]
you want, Sherron. I am not going
--
nd talk about
guy that shot [the victim], is that the
think it was him. By the way the guy looked, you know, physically and all that, It
Shortly thereafter, Sherron Dennis was arrested on charges of criminal solicitation to commit murder,[Footnote 19] and identified [appellant] as the shooter.[Footnote 20] An arrest warrant was subsequently issued for [appellant].
[Footnote 19] 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 902. This matter was captioned at CP-51-CR- 0204221-2005.
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[Footnote 20] Pursuant to negotiations
D.A.) Office, Sherron Dennis agreed to identify [appellant] on the record, and to do to [s
to recommend a mere probationary
taken from her on November 30, 2004, in the presence of her attorney, David Nenner, Esquire, Assistant D.A., Anthony Voci (hereinafter, Voci), and Detectives Bass and Buckley. In that statement, she identified [appellant] as the shooter. She identified [appellant] by his
counsel, and Sherron Dennis. On April 18, 2005, Sherron Dennis appeared before The Honorable Benjamin Lerner and entered a plea of nolo contendere to solicitation. She was found guilty and received a probationary sentence. In April of 2002, Detective James Griffin had interviewed [appellant] in a matter unrelated to this case, at which time and [sic] [appellant] stated that his nickname
Trial court opinion, 8/4/08 at 2-6 (citations to the record omitted).
On December 11, 2007, following a jury trial, appellant was found
guilty of first degree murder, aggravated assault, carrying a firearm without
a license, and possessing an instrument of crime. Appellant was sentenced
to life imprisonment for first degree murder, and a consecutive, aggregate
sentence of 7 to 19 years for the remaining convictions. Appellant filed a
timely direct appeal, and on April 20, 2009, this court affirmed.
Commonwealth v. Black, 974 A.2d 1176 (Pa.Super. 2009) (unpublished
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memorandum), appeal denied, 983 A.2d 725 (Pa. 2009). On November 5,
2009, our supreme court denied allowance of appeal. Id.
On August 12, 2010, appellant filed a timely pro se PCRA petition.
On June 28, 2013, following notice pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P., Rule 907,
followed. Appellant has complied with Pa.R.A.P., Rule 1925(b),
42 Pa.C.S.A., and the PCRA court has filed an opinion.
Appellant complains that the PCRA court erred in dismissing his
petition without an evidentiary hearing, where he would have been able to
prove that he was entitled to relief due to trial counsel ineffectiveness.
denying a petition under the PCRA is whether the determination of the PCRA court is supported by the evidence of record and is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Halley, 582 Pa. 164, 870 A.2d
not be disturbed unless there is no support for the findings in the certified record. Commonwealth v. Carr, 768 A.2d 1164, 1166 (Pa.Super.2001).
Commonwealth v. Turetsky, 925 A.2d 876, 879 (Pa.Super. 2007),
appeal denied, 940 A.2d 365 (Pa. 2007).
[T]he right to an evidentiary hearing on a post-conviction petition is not absolute. Commonwealth v. Jordan, 772 A.2d 1011, 1014
discretion to decline to hold a hearing if the
support either in the record or other evidence. Id. It is the responsibility of the reviewing court on
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appeal to examine each issue raised in the PCRA petition in light of the record certified before it in order to determine if the PCRA court erred in its determination that there were no genuine issues of material fact in controversy and in denying relief without conducting an evidentiary hearing. Commonwealth v. Hardcastle, 549 Pa. 450, 454, 701 A.2d 541, 542-543 (1997).
Id. at 882, quoting Commonwealth v. Khalifah, 852 A.2d 1238,
1239-1240 (Pa.Super. 2004).
ineffectiveness under the PCRA, Appellant must demonstrate (1) that the underlying claim is of
was without a reasonable basis designed to
i.e. there is a reasonable probability that but for the act or omission in question the outcome of the proceeding would have been different. Commonwealth v. Kimball, 555 Pa. 299, 724 A.2d 326, 333 (1999); Commonwealth v. Douglas, 537 Pa. 588, 645 A.2d 226, 230 (1994).
Commonwealth v. Bracey, 795 A.2d 935, 942 (Pa. 2001).
In his first issue on appeal, appellant argues that trial counsel was
ineffective for allowing the jury to review the police report of Officer Green,
which was not in evidence. As the PCRA court explains, during their
deliberations, the jury asked to see the original police reports of
Officers Gilbert and Green. (PCRA court opinion, 12/6/13 at 7.) The court
an exhibit, nor moved into evidence, and therefore could not be provided to
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them. (Id. at 8.) The court told the jury to rely on their own recollection of
Id.)
Shortly thereafter, the jury asked whether they could have portions of
read back to them. (Id.) At that point, trial counsel interjected, suggesting
through his testimony to find the relevant portions. (Id.) Trial counsel
opined that it was better to just give the jury the entire statement. (Id.,
citing notes of testimony, 12/11/07 at 11-12.) The trial court specifically
asked appellant whether he was in agreement with counsel, and he
responded in the affirmative. (Id.) The trial court also warned appellant
that the matter could be considered immune from future collateral attack.
(Id.) Appellant stated that he understood. (Id.)
knowing, voluntary, and intelligent decision concerning trial strategy will not later be heard to complain that trial counsel was ineffective on the Commonwealth v. Paddy, 569 Pa. 47, 800 A.2d 294, 316 (2002) (citing Commonwealth v. Abu Jamal, 553 Pa. 485, 720 A.2d 79, 93 (1998)). To do otherwise, the Court e a ready-made ineffectiveness claim to be raised in Id. In Paddy, the
ineffectiveness for failing to call alibi witnesses. We
fundamental reason that Paddy agreed at trial to
Id. at 315. As in this case, the trial court engaged Paddy in a colloquy as to the decision not to
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call the alibi witnesses. He replied that trial counsel had explained her decision not to call the witnesses and that he agreed. He further stated that he understood that he had a right to call the witnesses. We dismissed his claim, stating:
As Paddy expressed the view that the decision not to call alibi witnesses was
decision has not been shown to have been unknowingly, involuntarily, or unintelligently made, this allegation of ineffectiveness lacks arguable merit.
Id. at 316.
Commonwealth v. Rios, 920 A.2d 790, 803 (Pa. 2007).
cannot now be heard to complain that it was the wrong decision.
Moreover, appellant cannot show how he was prejudiced. Appellant
fact, in his initial report, Officer Green did not identify appellant as the
shooter. Furthermore, Officer Green was cross-examined extensively
regarding the statements he made in the police report, so the jury was
already aware of the substance of those statements.
somehow violated his constitutional right of confrontation. However, as the
PCRA court notes, appellant cross-examined Officer Green thoroughly
regarding alleged omissions or inconsistencies between his initial statements
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contained in the police report and his trial testimony. (PCRA court opinion,
12/6/13 at 9-
the shooter in very general terms and did not identify appellant as the
Officer that his memory was fresher at that
time. (Id.) Appellant cannot possibly demonstrate how he was prejudiced
which he assented.
Next, appellant argues that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
polluted source instruction. Appellant states that Dennis was initially
charged with murder but the charge was reduced to solicitation, with the
recommendation of a probationary sentence, if she agreed to testify against
him. In addition, Dennis was in custody on a probation violation when she
-19.)
Appellant is simply mistaken. In fact, as the PCRA court explains, trial
counsel did question Dennis regarding her plea agreement with the
Commonwealth and the reduction in charges. (PCRA court opinion, 12/6/13
at 10-11.) Dennis testified that in exchange for having the charges reduced
to solicitation and being freed on bail, she agreed to identify the gunman.
(Id. at 11, citing notes of testimony, 12/4/07 at 212-215.) Trial counsel got
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Id.) Therefore, trial counsel
In addition, trial counsel did request a corrupt and polluted source
instruction and the trial court granted it. The trial court did instruct the jury
that Dennis, as an accomplice, was a corrupt and polluted source and her
testimony should be viewed with caution. (Id. at 12; trial court opinion,
8/4/08 at 14-15, citing notes of testimony, 12/6/07 at 179-182.) Therefore,
s in the record.
In his third and final issue on appeal, appellant argues that trial
counsel was ineffective for failing to object to prosecutorial misconduct.
Specifically, appellant contends that the prosecuting attorney expressed her
personal opinion
that the Commonwealth committed prosecutorial misconduct by questioning
Dennis about alleged threats by appellant.
One
testimony, the Commonwealth argued to the jury that it was undisputed that
there was an argument between Dennis and the victim. (PCRA court
opinion, 12/6/13 at 15-16, citing notes of testimony, 12/6/07 at 159-160.)
every other witness testified there was an argument involving Dennis,
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Izzard, and the victim. (Id.) The assistant district attorney then remarked,
her? Does [defense counsel] even believe her? Because what did he say,
the first thing he said to you? Everyone agrees there was an argument on
inconsistent with every other eyewitness, a
own representations. It was not in dispute that an argument occurred. At
no time did she imply that defense counsel was intentionally trying to
mislead the jury or solicit false testimony. While the attorney for the
Common
lacks arguable merit.
Regarding the alleged threats, Dennis testified at trial that she could
not remember whether she saw the man who shot the victim. This
conflicted with her prior statement in which she identified appellant as the
perpetrator. Dennis disavowed her prior statement, testifying that it was
untrue. (PCRA court opinion, 12/6/13 at 14.) To explain why Dennis would
be distancing herself from her prior statement, the Commonwealth asked
office, in which she alleged that someone had called her and threatened to
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kill her and her children. (Id. at 13, citing notes of testimony, 12/4/07 at
193-195.) Dennis was placed in a hotel and given money to help her move.
(Id.) Dennis denied telling Assistant District Attorney Anthony Voci that she
had been threatened, but admitted that she was in fear. (Id.)
Subsequently, ADA Voci was called to testify regarding his conversations
with Dennis. ADA Voci testified that Dennis called him in a panic, stating
that someone had threatened to kill her and her children if she came to
court. (Trial court opinion, 8/4/08 at 20, citing notes of testimony, 12/5/07
at 183-184.) ADA Voci made arrangements with victim services to put
Dennis and her family up in a hotel until such time as they could be
relocated. (Id.) The trial court gave the jury a limiting instruction,
cautioning them that this testimony was only for purposes of assessing
Id. at
20-21.)
A related issue has already been addressed on direct appeal, where
appellant argued that the trial court erred in denying his motion for mistrial
after ADA Voci testified that Dennis had been threatened. Commonwealth
v. Black, No. 1091 EDA 2008, unpublished memorandum at 5-6 (Pa.Super.
filed April 20, 2009). This court affirmed on the trial court opinion. Id. at
7-
admissible for impeachment purposes under Pa.R.E. 607(b). (Trial court
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opinion, 8/4/08 at 20.) In addition, the testimony was relevant to explain
change in her story. (Id. at 21.)
As such, the matter could be considered previously litigated. This
testify regarding these threats. Furthermore, the testimony was clearly
ad
she denied having been threatened. There was no basis for objection. In
addition, appellant would be unable to prove prejudice where several other
eyewitnesses, including two police officers, identified appellant as the
ineffectiveness fails.2
patently without merit
and have no support in the record or from other evidence, the PCRA court
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 8/27/2014
2 Several other issues raised in the PCRA court have been abandoned on appeal.
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