Collins v. Orleans Parish School Board

384 So. 2d 336, 1980 La. LEXIS 7758
Supreme Court of Louisiana·Decided May 19, 1980·No. No. 65842·Published·Cited by 1 cases

Opinions

CALOGERO, Justice.*

This case arose when relator, a junior high school vocal music teacher employed by the Orleans Parish School Board, applied for a sabbatical leave for professional improvement. After the school board rejected her application, relator filed a mandamus proceeding in the district court seeking to compel the board to grant the leave.1 The district court denied the mandamus application and the Court of Appeal affirmed. We granted writs to review the lower court rulings. 376 So.2d 1269 (La.1979).

The facts of the case are not in dispute. Relator Frances Collins was employed by the Orleans Parish School Board in August of 1974 as a junior high school vocal music teacher. She is certified to teach all grades of vocal music and has a Master’s degree in music education. At the time of her application relator had taught continuously for six consecutive semesters. Prior to the 1977-78 school year relator timely applied for a sabbatical leave for the purpose of professional improvement stating in her initial application that she planned to take two courses, “Vocal Pedagogy” and “Systems of Teaching Voice” at the Loyola University School of Music. She later amended her application to indicate that she would take “Style Analysis I” and “Opera Literature” instead. On August 4, 1977 she was notified by the board that her application had been rejected.

The notification letter indicated that the reason for the rejection was that

“[tjhere was no assurance of mutual benefit. The courses planned do not appear to contribute substantially to the teacher’s ability to perform her present tasks nor do they offer the promise of the kind of growth needed for the future in her present position.”

Following the rejection relator applied for and was granted leave without pay to pursue study at Florida State University.

To be eligible for a sabbatical leave under Louisiana law, a teacher must be in active service for twelve or more consecutive semesters for a two semester sabbatical leave and six or more consecutive semesters for a one semester leave. R.S. 17:1171. The teacher must also comply with R.S. 17:1172-74 and make timely application for the leave. If the leave is for the purpose of professional improvement to pursue a course of study, the teacher must during each semester of leave “pursue a program of study, earning at least ten undergraduate, or six graduate, credit hours, at an institution of higher learning . . . ” (R.S. 17:1177) and make periodic reports of the manner in which the leave is being spent. R.S. 17:1178. If a teacher fails to comply with the requirements of R.S. 17:1177 and 1178, the leave may be terminated at any time. R.S. 17:1179.

Under R.S. 17:1176, applicants for sabbatical leave who are ineligible or who have not complied with the procedural provisions of R.S. 17:1172-74 shall have their applications rejected. The statute further provides that “all other applicants shall have their applications granted.” R.S. 17:1176 provides as follows:

“Any applicant who, at the expiration of the semester in which he applies, is ineligible for the sabbatical leave requested or who has not complied with the provisions of R.S. 17:1172 through 17:1174, shall have his or her application rejected, but all other applicants shall have their applications granted, provided that all leaves requested in such applications could be taken without violating the [338] following provision: At no time during the school year shall the number of persons on sabbatical leave exceed five per centum of the total number of teachers employed in a given parish; in cases of sick leave this limit of five per centum may be exceeded.” (Emphasis provided.)

Applicant contends that under R.S. 17:1176 when a teacher has satisfied the eligibility and procedural requirements of R.S. 17:1171-74 and there are fewer than 5% of the teachers in the parish on sabbatical leave, the board has no discretion to reject an application when the teacher has applied for professional leave to pursue a course of study at an accredited educational institution. Alternatively she contends that even if the board has some discretion, the board in the instant case abused that discretion in finding that her planned course of study did not qualify her for leave for professional improvement.

In rejecting relator’s request for a sabbatical leave the board did not find that she was ineligible or that she had failed to comply with R.S. 17:1172-74; and it was stipulated at trial that at the time of relator’s application, fewer than 5% of the parish’s teachers were on leave. Furthermore relator’s application indicated that she planned to comply with the requirement under R.S. 17:1177 that she take either ten undergraduate or six graduate level credit hours at an accredited educational institution. The only reason for the board’s rejection of relator’s application was that her planned course of study would not “contribute to the teacher’s ability to perform her present tasks . . . nor offer the promise of the kind of growth needed for the future in her present position.”

Under the express language of R.S. 17:1176, the legislature has provided that only the applications of those teachers who are ineligible for leave or who have failed to comply with the provisions of R.S. 17:1172-74 shall be rejected and that “all other applicants shall have their applications granted” provided there are fewer than 5% of the teachers in the parish on leave. The legislature has not provided that when a teacher seeks a sabbatical leave for the purpose of “professional improvement” and plans to comply with the requirements that he or she take the stated number of semester credit hours, the school board may reject the application on the basis that the planned course of study will not contribute to the teacher’s ability to perform in his or her present position.

The legislature’s intent that the board not be given such discretion to reject applications of otherwise qualified applicants on the basis of the course content they plan to pursue is made evident by perusal of the 1977 amendment to R.S. 17:1177. By Acts 1977, No. 715, § 1, effective the beginning of the 1978-79 school year, the legislature amended R.S. 17:1177 to provide that when sabbatical leave is sought for the purpose of “professional or cultural improvement” and the teacher intends to do independent study or to engage in travel, the independent study or travel must be “approved by the employing school board.”2 The legislature’s specifically providing school boards with discretion in the areas of improvement through independent study or travel accents the absence of simi[339] lar amendment allowing the boards discretion where professional improvement sabbatical leave is sought to pursue a course of study.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Collins v. Orleans Parish School Board, 384 So. 2d 336, 1980 La. LEXIS 7758 (La. 1980).

384 So. 2d 336 (Collins v. Orleans Parish School Board) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related

State v. Clark
391 So. 2d 1174 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1980)