Colletti v. Port Noma, Ltd.

625 So. 2d 202, 1993 La. App. LEXIS 2615, 1993 WL 276133
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJuly 21, 1993
DocketNo. 92-1387
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 625 So. 2d 202 (Colletti v. Port Noma, Ltd.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Colletti v. Port Noma, Ltd., 625 So. 2d 202, 1993 La. App. LEXIS 2615, 1993 WL 276133 (La. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

SAUNDERS, Judge.

This is a worker’s compensation suit. Claimant, Michael Colletti, was employed by Port Noma, Ltd. as an electrician’s helper and worked at the New Iberia location. On January 15,1992, the claimant was injured in an automobile accident during his lunch hour, while returning from picking up his paycheck from the Broussard office of his employer.

[203]*203Claimant was denied benefits by defendants, Port Noma, and it’s insurer, Crawford and Company, alleging that the accident and resulting injuries did not arise out of and in the course of his employment.

The matter was heard on August 6, 1992. After presentation of the claimant’s evidence, defendants moved for a directed verdict. The administrative hearing officer granted the motion, rendered judgment in favor of the defendants, and against the claimant, with prejudice and at claimant’s cost. The hearing officer issued oral reasons for judgment finding that the claimant was not “within the scope of his employment in the sense that he was not performing duties that he would normally — that he would normally perform as a helper for — for Port Noma, Ltd.”

Claimant appeals, raising the following issues:

I. As a matter of law, did the worker’s compensation court use the incorrect standard in determining appelle’s [sic] motion for a directed verdict in a non-jury trial.1
II. As a matter of law, is an employee who is granted permission from his employer to pick up his paycheck, cash it, and pay for boots required by the employer, within the course of his employment when he is involved in a motor vehicle accident on such a mission.

FACTS

The facts are virtually undisputed. Claimant began working for Port Noma on December 30, 1991. Customarily, paychecks were mailed to employees by Port Noma on Fridays. Claimant did not receive his first paycheck by the following Wednesday, January 15, 1992. It was his understanding that he should have received it by the Tuesday, at the latest. Concerned and in need of his paycheck, the claimant spoke with his immediate supervisor, Edmond Credeur, who checked on the status of claimant’s paycheck. After learning that the check was still at the Broussard office, Credeur gave the claimant permission to leave the New Iberia location and drive to Broussard to pick up his paycheck. According to the claimant, Mr. Cred-eur also gave him permission to drop off a payment at “Gaehassin’s,” in New Iberia, for safety boots he had purchased the day before. The safety boots were required for his employment with Port Noma.

Claimant left New Iberia, picked up his paycheck from the Broussard office, cashed it at a Premier Bank location “right down the road from the office,” and headed back on Highway 90 toward New Iberia. After exiting onto La. 14 to New Iberia, claimant was struck by a vehicle which failed to stop at a stop sign.

After the accident, the claimant called his brother to inform his supervisors that he had been in an accident and was going to see his family physician. Claimant saw his family physician in Jeanerette who eventually referred him to Dr. John Cobb. It was not until four months after the accident that claimant filed his workers’ compensation claim.

LAW AND PRINCIPLES

It is clear that where an employee is entitled to worker’s compensation due to personal injury under our worker’s compensation statute, such compensation is his sole and only right or remedy against his employer. LSA-R.S. 23:1031 requires that an accident arises out of and in the course of employment.

Recently, our Supreme Court explained LSA-R.S. 23:1031 as follows:

The terms arising out of, and in the course of constitute a dual requirement. The former suggests an inquiry into the character or origin of the risk while the latter brings into focus the time and place relationship between the risk and the employment. The two requirements cannot, however, be considered in isolation from each other. A strong showing by the claimant with reference to the arise-out-of requirement may compensate for a relatively weak showing on the during-course-of requirement, or vice versa. As a corollary it follows that whenever the showing with respect to both requirements is relatively weak a denial of compensation is [204]*204indicated. Lisonbee v. Chicago Mill and Lumber Company, 278 So.2d 5 (La.1973) (citing Malone, Louisiana Workmen’s Compensation, §§ 162, 192 (1st ed.)).
Judicial experience has taught that these two elements, arising out of and in the course of, should not be understood as entirely separate requirements to be rigidly and independently exacted. Rather, they should be understood simply as closely intertwined issues that may usefully illuminate the common sense, practical question of whether the injury bears some significant relationship to the business operation. Lisonbee v. Chicago Mill and Lumber Company, supra, at 9. Malone & Johnson, Workers’ Compensation Law and Practice, 13 Civ.Law.Treat. §§ 144,145 (2d ed. 1980).

Raybol v. Louisiana State University, 520 So.2d 724, 726-727 (La.1988).

Here, the primary question is whether the accident occurred “in the course of’ plaintiffs employment. The leading case on the subject of “arising out of and in the course of’ the employment is Kern v. Southport Mill, 174 La. 432,141 So. 19 (1932). In Kern 141 So. at page 21, the Supreme Court stated that, for purposes of the worker’s compensation action, (a) “... an accident occurs in the course of an employment when it takes place during the time of such employment,” and (b) it arises out of the employment when it is “the result of some risk to which the employee is subjected in the course of his employment and to which he would not have been subjected had he not been so employed.” Furthermore, this risk of employment from which an injury results should be one greater than that occasioned by a person not engaged in the employment. Lisonbee v. Chicago Mill and Lumber Company, 278 So.2d 5 (La.1973).

An accident occurs in the course of employment when the employee sustains an injury while actively engaged in the performance of his duties during working hours, either on the employer’s premises or at other places where employment activities take the employee. See also W. Malone & H. Johnson, 13 Louisiana Civil Law Treatise— Worker’s Compensation § 161 (2d ed. 1980). While coverage has been extended in some cases to include accidents during times for rest or lunch periods or before and after work on the employer’s premises, or to include accidents at places where employment duties are performed off the employer’s premises, the principal criteria for determining course of employment are time, place and employment activity. Mundy v. Dept. of Health & Human Resources, 593 So.2d 346 (La.1992).

Finally, as the United States Supreme Court observed:

The test of recovery is not a causal relation between the nature of the employment of the injured person and the accident * ⅜ * Nor is it necessary that the employee be engaged at the time of the injury in activity of benefit to his employer. All that is required is that the ‘obligations or conditions’ of employment create the ‘zone of special danger’ out of which the injury arose.

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Bluebook (online)
625 So. 2d 202, 1993 La. App. LEXIS 2615, 1993 WL 276133, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/colletti-v-port-noma-ltd-lactapp-1993.