Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 1 of 7
[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT ________________________
No. 12-12373 Non-Argument Calendar ________________________
D.C. Docket No. 5:11-cv-00544-WTH-TBS
CLARENCE D. SCHREANE,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
versus
S.A. MIDDLEBROOKS, Warden, USP Coleman #1, individual capacity, et al.,
Defendants,
MR. F. SANTOES, Unit Manager, USP Coleman #1, individual capacity, HARRELL WATTS, Administrator National Inmate Appeals, BOP Central Office, JEFF CAMPBELL, Southeast Regional Office Attorney, BOP, LEE GREEN, Administrator - Hearing Officer, BOP,
Defendants-Appellees. Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 2 of 7
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ________________________
(July 2, 2013)
Before TJOFLAT, PRYOR and MARTIN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Clarence D. Schreane, a federal prison inmate proceeding pro se, appeals the
District Court’s sua sponte dismissal, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1997e, of his
amended complaint (“Amended Complaint) under Bivens v. Six Unknown Named
Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 403 U.S. 388, 91 S. Ct. 1999, 29 L. Ed. 2d
619 (1971), alleging that defendant prison officials violated various of Schreane’s
constitutional rights. Schreane argues that the court erred in failing to consider the
claims in his initial complaint (“Initial Complaint”) as well as those in his
Amended Complaint in making its dispositive ruling. Schreane also argues that the
court abused its discretion in denying his motion to compel the production of
evidence. We affirm.
I.
Section 1997e(c) states that in a suit brought by a prisoner:
The [district] court shall on its own motion or on the motion of a party dismiss any action brought with respect to prison conditions under section 1983 of this title, or any other Federal law, by a prisoner confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility if the court is
2 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 3 of 7
satisfied that the action is frivolous, malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief.
42 U.S.C. § 1997e(c)(1).
We review de novo a § 1997e(c)(1) dismissal for failure to state a claim,
applying the standard we use in reviewing a dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 12(b)(6). See Leal v. Ga. Dep’t of Corr., 254 F.3d 1276, 1278–79 (11th
Cir. 2001) (reviewing de novo and applying the Rule 12(b)(6) standard to a district
court’s dismissal for failure to state a claim under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A); Mitchell v.
Farcass, 112 F.3d 1483, 1490 (11th Cir. 1997) (reviewing de novo and applying
the Rule 12(b)(6) standard to a district court’s dismissal for failure to state a claim
under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii)). Dismissal is appropriate if the complaint, on
its face, does not state a plausible claim for relief. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662,
678, 129 S. Ct. 1937, 1949, 173 L. Ed. 2d 868 (2009). At the dismissal stage, the
district court must accept as true all of the factual allegations in the complaint. Id.
at 678, 129 S. Ct. at 1949. Moreover, the court must liberally construe pro se
pleadings. Tannenbaum v. United States, 148 F.3d 1262, 1263 (11th Cir. 1998).
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15 states that “[a] party may amend its
pleading once as a matter of course,” and then requires “the opposing party’s
written consent or the court’s leave.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(1)–(2). Rule 15 does
not discuss the effect of an amended pleading on the previous pleading; however,
3 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 4 of 7
Middle District of Florida Local Rule 4.01 states that “[u]nless otherwise directed
by the [district court], any party permitted to amend a pleading shall file the
amended pleading in its entirety with the amendments incorporated therein.” M.D.
Fla. L.R. 4.01. “As a general rule, an amended complaint supersedes and replaces
the original complaint unless the amendment specifically refers to or adopts the
earlier pleading.” Varnes v. Local 91, Glass Bottle Blowers Ass’n of U.S. &
Canada, 674 F.2d 1365, 1370 n.6 (11th Cir. 1982). Once the district court accepts
the amended pleading, “the original pleading is abandoned by the amendment, and
is no longer a part of the pleader’s averments against his adversary.” Pintando v.
Miami-Dade Hous. Agency, 501 F.3d 1241, 1243 (11th Cir. 2007) (quotation
omitted).
While we liberally construe the filings of pro se plaintiffs, the Supreme
Court has stated that it “never suggested that procedural rules in ordinary civil
litigation should be interpreted so as to excuse mistakes by those who proceed
without counsel.” McNeil v. United States, 508 U.S. 106, 113, 113 S. Ct. 1980,
1984, 124 L. Ed. 2d 21 (1993). In Bilal v. Driver, 251 F.3d 1346 (11th Cir. 2001),
a pro se prisoner filed a § 1983 complaint followed by an amended complaint, and
when he moved for leave to file a third amended complaint, the district court
denied leave to amend and dismissed the case. 251 F.3d at 1347. On appeal, we
noted that Northern District of Florida Local Rule 15.1 deemed as abandoned
4 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 5 of 7
“[m]atters not set forth in the amended pleading,” and accordingly limited review
to the third amended complaint. Id. at 1347 n.1 (quotation omitted). We stated
that the fact that a plaintiff “filed his complaint pro se does not change the effect of
the local rule.” Id.
Schreane’s Initial Complaint asserted various constitutional claims against
seventeen defendants, including claims relating to a disciplinary hearing,
conviction, and Schreane’s subsequent segregation, as well as other, unrelated
claims. After filing his Initial Complaint, Schreane moved to amend his complaint.
The District Court granted the motion, but ordered Schreane to file the amended
complaint on the civil rights complaint form for prisoners. On the civil rights
complaint form, Schreane listed only four defendants, one of whom was a
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 1 of 7
[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT ________________________
No. 12-12373 Non-Argument Calendar ________________________
D.C. Docket No. 5:11-cv-00544-WTH-TBS
CLARENCE D. SCHREANE,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
versus
S.A. MIDDLEBROOKS, Warden, USP Coleman #1, individual capacity, et al.,
Defendants,
MR. F. SANTOES, Unit Manager, USP Coleman #1, individual capacity, HARRELL WATTS, Administrator National Inmate Appeals, BOP Central Office, JEFF CAMPBELL, Southeast Regional Office Attorney, BOP, LEE GREEN, Administrator - Hearing Officer, BOP,
Defendants-Appellees. Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 2 of 7
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ________________________
(July 2, 2013)
Before TJOFLAT, PRYOR and MARTIN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Clarence D. Schreane, a federal prison inmate proceeding pro se, appeals the
District Court’s sua sponte dismissal, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1997e, of his
amended complaint (“Amended Complaint) under Bivens v. Six Unknown Named
Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 403 U.S. 388, 91 S. Ct. 1999, 29 L. Ed. 2d
619 (1971), alleging that defendant prison officials violated various of Schreane’s
constitutional rights. Schreane argues that the court erred in failing to consider the
claims in his initial complaint (“Initial Complaint”) as well as those in his
Amended Complaint in making its dispositive ruling. Schreane also argues that the
court abused its discretion in denying his motion to compel the production of
evidence. We affirm.
I.
Section 1997e(c) states that in a suit brought by a prisoner:
The [district] court shall on its own motion or on the motion of a party dismiss any action brought with respect to prison conditions under section 1983 of this title, or any other Federal law, by a prisoner confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility if the court is
2 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 3 of 7
satisfied that the action is frivolous, malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief.
42 U.S.C. § 1997e(c)(1).
We review de novo a § 1997e(c)(1) dismissal for failure to state a claim,
applying the standard we use in reviewing a dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 12(b)(6). See Leal v. Ga. Dep’t of Corr., 254 F.3d 1276, 1278–79 (11th
Cir. 2001) (reviewing de novo and applying the Rule 12(b)(6) standard to a district
court’s dismissal for failure to state a claim under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A); Mitchell v.
Farcass, 112 F.3d 1483, 1490 (11th Cir. 1997) (reviewing de novo and applying
the Rule 12(b)(6) standard to a district court’s dismissal for failure to state a claim
under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii)). Dismissal is appropriate if the complaint, on
its face, does not state a plausible claim for relief. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662,
678, 129 S. Ct. 1937, 1949, 173 L. Ed. 2d 868 (2009). At the dismissal stage, the
district court must accept as true all of the factual allegations in the complaint. Id.
at 678, 129 S. Ct. at 1949. Moreover, the court must liberally construe pro se
pleadings. Tannenbaum v. United States, 148 F.3d 1262, 1263 (11th Cir. 1998).
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15 states that “[a] party may amend its
pleading once as a matter of course,” and then requires “the opposing party’s
written consent or the court’s leave.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(1)–(2). Rule 15 does
not discuss the effect of an amended pleading on the previous pleading; however,
3 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 4 of 7
Middle District of Florida Local Rule 4.01 states that “[u]nless otherwise directed
by the [district court], any party permitted to amend a pleading shall file the
amended pleading in its entirety with the amendments incorporated therein.” M.D.
Fla. L.R. 4.01. “As a general rule, an amended complaint supersedes and replaces
the original complaint unless the amendment specifically refers to or adopts the
earlier pleading.” Varnes v. Local 91, Glass Bottle Blowers Ass’n of U.S. &
Canada, 674 F.2d 1365, 1370 n.6 (11th Cir. 1982). Once the district court accepts
the amended pleading, “the original pleading is abandoned by the amendment, and
is no longer a part of the pleader’s averments against his adversary.” Pintando v.
Miami-Dade Hous. Agency, 501 F.3d 1241, 1243 (11th Cir. 2007) (quotation
omitted).
While we liberally construe the filings of pro se plaintiffs, the Supreme
Court has stated that it “never suggested that procedural rules in ordinary civil
litigation should be interpreted so as to excuse mistakes by those who proceed
without counsel.” McNeil v. United States, 508 U.S. 106, 113, 113 S. Ct. 1980,
1984, 124 L. Ed. 2d 21 (1993). In Bilal v. Driver, 251 F.3d 1346 (11th Cir. 2001),
a pro se prisoner filed a § 1983 complaint followed by an amended complaint, and
when he moved for leave to file a third amended complaint, the district court
denied leave to amend and dismissed the case. 251 F.3d at 1347. On appeal, we
noted that Northern District of Florida Local Rule 15.1 deemed as abandoned
4 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 5 of 7
“[m]atters not set forth in the amended pleading,” and accordingly limited review
to the third amended complaint. Id. at 1347 n.1 (quotation omitted). We stated
that the fact that a plaintiff “filed his complaint pro se does not change the effect of
the local rule.” Id.
Schreane’s Initial Complaint asserted various constitutional claims against
seventeen defendants, including claims relating to a disciplinary hearing,
conviction, and Schreane’s subsequent segregation, as well as other, unrelated
claims. After filing his Initial Complaint, Schreane moved to amend his complaint.
The District Court granted the motion, but ordered Schreane to file the amended
complaint on the civil rights complaint form for prisoners. On the civil rights
complaint form, Schreane listed only four defendants, one of whom was a
defendant in the Initial Complaint, and he re-asserted only the factual allegations
relating to his disciplinary hearing, conviction, and segregation. He mentioned in
passing defendants whom he had named only in his Initial Complaint, but focused
on the four defendants named in the Amended Complaint. The court dismissed
Schreane’s Amended Complaint without prejudice under 42 U.S.C. § 1997e,
noting that Schreane was proceeding on an Amended Complaint.
Schreane makes no argument on appeal as to the district court’s dismissal of
the claims contained in his Amended Complaint, arguing only that the district court
erred by failing to consider all of his claims, including those raised in his Initial
5 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 6 of 7
Complaint. Accordingly, he has abandoned that issue, and we need not address it.
Timson v. Sampson, 518 F.3d 870, 874 (11th Cir. 2008) (deeming as abandoned
issues that a pro se litigant fails to brief on appeal).
The district court did not err in considering Schreane’s Amended Complaint
to supersede his Initial Complaint. Rule 15 does not explicitly address the effect of
an amended complaint on the initial complaint, but Local Rule 4.01 states that an
amended pleading must incorporate all amendments. M.D. Fla. L.R. 4.01; see also
Fed. R. Civ. P. 15. Moreover, we have determined that an amended complaint
supersedes the initial complaint unless the amended complaint “specifically refers
to or adopts” the initial complaint. Varnes, 674 F.2d at 1370 n.6.
Schreane’s Amended Complaint did not “specifically refer to or adopt” the
Initial Complaint, nor did it incorporate the Initial Complaint as required by Local
Rule 4.01 and our precedent. See Varnes, 674 F.2d at 1370 n.6; M.D. Fla. L.R.
4.01. Schreane’s status as a pro se plaintiff does not excuse his failure to
incorporate his Initial Complaint into his Amended Complaint as required by Local
Rule 4.01. See McNeil, 508 U.S. at 113, 113 S. Ct. at 1984; Bilal, 251 F.3d at
1347 n.1. Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s dismissal of Schreane’s
Amended Complaint.
II.
6 Case: 12-12373 Date Filed: 07/02/2013 Page: 7 of 7
We review the district court’s discovery decisions for an abuse of discretion.
Burger King Corp. v. Weaver, 169 F.3d 1310, 1315 (11th Cir. 1999). In this case,
nothing in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure required the District Court to grant
Schreane’s production of evidence request prior to the court’s determination that
his Initial Complaint or his Amended Complaint stated a claim for relief. The
court therefore did not abuse its discretion in denying his request for production.
AFFIRMED.