Taylor, J.:
Frederick A. Salomonson, the appellee, upon a bill in equity in the Circuit Court of Hillsborough county, obtained a temporary injunction against the city of Tampa, a municipal corporation, the appellant, restraining it from issuing, pledging or selling $350,000 of its city bonds, and from this order the city appeals.
The bill, omitting its formal parts, is as follows: “That complainant is a resident and citizen of the said city of Tampa, and is the owner of valuable property, both real and personal, situate, lying and being within the corporate limits of the said city of Tampa, and that said property is subject to taxation by the said city and the authorized officers thereof; that the city council of the said city has recently, to-wit: on the 8th day of June, A. D. 1894, attempted by an ordinance to authorize and provide for the issuing by the [464]*464said city of Tampa of municipal bonds of the said city to the amount of three hundred and fifty thousand dollars ($350,000), to bear interest at the rate of six per cent, per annum, and to create a board of trustees, consisting of the following named persons, to-wit: T. C. Taliaferro, S. M. Sparkman, J. A. H. Grable, Edward Manrara, and the fifth trustee to be supplied by those already named, to receive and sell the said bonds,, and to receive the money arising from such sale, and giving said trustees power and authority to expend the-money arising from the sale of said bonds; and said ordinance having various other provisions therein, as will more fully appear by reference to said ordinance numbered 116, a true copy of which is hereto attached, marked ‘exhibit A, ’ and made a part of this bill of' complaint, to which your orator prays reference as often as may be necessary. That said bonds so provided for as aforesaid, are to run for a period of twenty years, and the interest thereon is to be paid semi-annually, and after the expiration of ten years-the city council of the said city of Tampa is to have the option or privilege of redeeming said indebtedness or any portion thereof, commencing with the lowest numbered bonds, both the principal and interest of' said bonds to be payable in gold coin of the United States of current date and time,. That if the said bonds are issued, as threatened, they will become a debt against the said city of Tampa, for the payment of w'hich, both the principal and interest, your orator’s-property situate within the corporate limits of the said city of Tampa will be yearly subject to taxation, and said property will be assessed and taxed as aforesaid; that by reason thereof your orator’s property will depreciate in value; that the taxes so levied will become-an apparent incumbrance,, lien and cloud, upon the-[465]*465title; that he will be subjected to a multiplicity of actions for the protection of his property, and that he will be greatly injured and embarrassed in the use and enjoyment of his property, and will be put to much expense in protecting his constitutional and legal rights. Your orator further showeth that the officers of the said city of Tampa and the trustees in said ordinance named, or a majority of them, propose and. intend to issue and sell the said bonds at as early a, date as possible, and will do so unless they are restrained and enjoined from so doing by the- order of this court. Your orator further represents that by virtue of the power granted to the city of Tampa by an act of the Legislature of the State of Florida, of the session of 1887, the same being Chapter 5779, the said city of Tampa pretends to have authority to issue said bonds and to pass the ordinance hereinbefore referred to, a true copy of which is hereto attached and marked ‘exhibit A,’ and by virtue of said authority the said city of Tampa called the election particularly described and mentioned in said exhibit A, and the said defendant city claims that at the election so called and held on the 14th day of July, A. D. 1894, a majority of the votes cast by the qualified electors of said city approved the issuance of said bonds.. Your orator further represents that the said election so held on the 14th day of July, A. D. 1894, was totally illegal and void, and that the ordinance numbered 116 authorizing and calling the said election, a true copy of which is hereto attached, marked ‘exhibit A’ as aforesaid, was absolutely void for the reason that if the said bonds are issued and sold under and by virtue of said ordinance and said election, the funds arising from the sale thereof will be unlawfully diverted from their [466]*466proper and legal channel, and the same will be taken charge of, spent and used by a body of men so-called trustees, who have not and can have no legal authority •or right to take possession of said bonds, or to receive •or control the same, or to sell and dispose of the same, •or to expend the proceeds arising from the sale of said bonds, or any part thereof, although said ordinance ¡undertakes and attempts to confer such authority and power upon the said trustees so-called, it being expressly provided by the laws of this State, in Chapter 3951 thereof, passed by the Legislature at the session •of 1889, which is hereby referred to and made a part <of this bill, that in addition to the offices authorized by the charter of the city of Tampa there shall be a board of public works, which said board of public works was constituted and established by said Chapter, which further provided that the same should consist of three members who shall be freeholders in the city of Tampa and electors thereof; that the said board of public works shall have exclusive power and control over the construction of sewers, the building and ¡¡repairing of bridges, and the grading and paving of streets, and of certain other matters therein particularly described and enumerated; that all money levied •or raised for such purposes from taxes, bonds or other sources shall be collected and carried to the credit of said board of public works, and shall not be diverted from said board or be used by the mayor and city council for any other purpose, but the same shall remain as a separate fund in the hands of the treasurer ■of the said city of Tampa, and the bond of the treasurer shall be sufficient to recover any amount of the public money which may come into his hands; that said act is still in full force and effect, never having been repealed either expressly or by Implication, and [467]*467'the board of trustees provided for in said ordinance is unauthorized and illegal, and neither the said trustees, nor any of them, nor their successors in office, have any legal right to receive the said bonds, to sell the same, or to dispose of the proceeds, to receive any money arising from the sale thereof, to deposit the same in any bank or banks, to expend the same or any part thereof, or to contract for or provide for a system of sewerage in the said city of Tampa.” The prayers of the bill are, first, that the defendant city, its officers, etc., be restrained and enjoined from issuing, selling, delivering, pledging or otherwise disposing of any of said bonds; second, for a temporary injunction restraining the same acts until the further order of the •court; third, a prayer for general relief, and for subpoena.
The city ordinance complained of in said bill and .attached thereto as part thereof is as follows:
“ordinance no. 116.
An ordinance to provide for the issuing of bonds of the city of Tampa, and for the creation of a board of trustees, and for the disbursing of funds received from ’the sale of said bonds.
Be it Ordained by the City Council of the City of Tampa:
Section 1. That the city council of the city of Tampa be authorized to borrow for the use of said city the sum of three hundred and fifty thousand ($350,000) dollars, for the term of twenty years, with the option or privilege of redeeming said indebtedness or any portion thereof, commencing with the lowest numbered bonds, at any time after the expiration of ten years, provided said redemption to be made upon some interest day after giving due notice at the places where the [468]*468said indebtedness is made payable; the said option or privilege being reserved by the city in the bonds hereinafter referred to; and for the said three hundred and' fifty thousand dollars to pay as interest thereon not' more than six per centum per annum, payable semiannually; both principal and interest of said bonds to-be payable in gold coin of the United States of current'weight and fineness.
Sec. 2. That to secure the payment of the loan pro-, vided for in section one of this ordinance, there shall-be issued bonds of the city of Tampa of such denominations as the city council may determine, said bonds-to be made payable at some place in the city of blew T ork, to be determined upon by the said city council, or at the office of the treasurer of the city of Tampa.. That said bonds-shall mature within twenty days from-the date thereof, and shall be made payable at maturity or at the expiration of ten years if the city so desires to redeem the same as provided for in section one. That each bond shall have attached thereto interest coupons of such number and amount as shall pay the-interest semi-annually on the principal sum mentioned in said bonds at a rate not exceeding six per cent, per annum until the principal sum of said bonds shall fall' due; provided, however, that in case the bonds shall-be redeemed by the city of Tampa at any time after the-expiration of ten years from the date thereof, that said interest coupons that have not matured at that-' time shall be null and void. That said interest coupons when due shall be receivable by the city for alb city taxes and dues of whatever description, and shall-have the same conditions as to the places of payment - thereof as provided for in the bonds.
Sec. 3. That the said bonds-shall be signed by the-mayor and countersigned by the clerk of the city of" [469]*469Tampa, and the corporate seal of said city attached thereto, and the same signatures shall be lithographed on the interest coupons.
Sec. 4. There shall be a board of five trustees consisting of the following named persons, to-wit: T. C. Taliaferro, first ward; S. M. Sparkman, second ward; J. A. H. Grrable, third ward; Edward Manrara, fourth ward; and the fifth trustee to be supplied by those .above named, who shall each give bond in the sum of twenty thousand dollars to the city of Tampa, conditioned for the faithful discharge of his duties, whose duty it shall be to receive the said bonds as soon as the same are engraven and executed, and to sell the same and dispose of the proceeds thereof under the instructions of the city council as may be provided for by ordinance or resolution duly passed; but in no case shall the funds received from the- sale of said bonds be used for any other purpose or purposes than those specially provided for in this ordinance. Should a vacancy occur in said board of trustees by death, resignation or from any other cause, the said vacancy shall be filled by a majority vote of the remaining members of said board, and confirmed by the city council; said board of trustees shall hold their office until the said trust is discharged, or until their successors are confirmed by the council.
Seo. 5. The said bonds shall be sold and delivered in such amounts as the city council may provide for by resolution as the proceeds thereof are needed for the purposes herein provided, and the said bonds shall not be sold for less than par value, and the proceeds shall be applied solely to the purposes for which said issuance of bonds is hereby authorized. The proceeds of said bonds when sold shall be deposited in some .National bank or banks to be selected by the board of [470]*470trustees, which bank or banks shall then be solely responsible to the city for the safe-keeping of said money,, and it shall be turned over to the city treasurer in such amounts and at such times as the city council may deem best, said money to be expended by the board of trustees as hereinafter provided for.
Sec. 6. The proceeds of the sale of said bonds shall be expended as follows: $15,000, or so much thereof as may be deemed necessary by the city council, shall be expended in rebuilding the bridge and the approaches thereto on Lafayette street across the Hills-borough river; $110,000, or so much thereof as may be deemed necessary, shall be used in taking up the outstanding scrip of the city and in payment and liquidation of ail other outstanding floating indebtedness due-by the said city; $25,000, or so much thereof as may be deemed necessary, shall be loaned to the city out of the paving fund hereinafter named, and shall be expended for the current expenses of the city until the-taxes for 1894 are collected, said amount to be then, returned to said fund out of said taxes; $150,000 shall be expended in the construction of a system of sewerage in the city of Tampa, as follows: The two principal mains, together with the cost of the survey and plans for said system of sewerage, to be first paid out of said appropriation, and the remainder thereof to be-credited to the different wards of the city pro rata according to the taxes paid by each ward for the year 1894; said appropriated part to be used by each ward in sewering in said ward; but in no event shall any property-holder be compelled to lay more than one hundred feet of sewer pipe with which to connect with any sewer or lateral; and the remaining $50,000, together with the $25,000 to be returned to the fund from the taxes of 1894, together with all other moneys, [471]*471left. in the treasury belonging to any of the other different appropriations provided for in this section, after the object of said appropriation shall have been accomplished, shall be credited to the different wards of the> -city pro rata according to the amount of taxes paid by each ward for the year 1894; such proportionate part to be used by each ward in improving and paving streets therein.
Sec. 7. There shall be a special tax levied and assessed to pay the interest of said bonds, which tax shall be collected only in money or in past due interest coupons; and after the lapse of ten years the city council shall provide for the annual levy and collection of a special tax sufficient to provide a sinking-fund for the payment of the principal of said bonds, out of which sinking fund, as fast as the same is collected, said bonds shall be paid and redeemed, beginning with the lowest numbered bonds as herein provided.
Sec. 8. The city council shall require the city treasurer to give such additional bond as the council may deem necessary before any moneys realized from the sale-of said bonds shall be turned over to him; and in case the city treasurer shall fail or refuse to give said additional bond, then, the city council, after due notice te him, shall authorize the payment of said moneys through the National bank or banks in said city selected by the board of trustees as herein provided for.
Sec. 9. The mayor of said city shall be authorized to enter into a contract with the Tampa Water Works Company, in case the election hereinafter provided for shall be in favor of the issuance of said bonds, binding the said city of Tampa to purchase from the said Tampa Waterworks Company all of the water which may [472]*472be required to flush the sewers of said city, at the rate of seven cents per hundred cubic feet during the continuance of the present contract now existing between the said city and the Tampa Water Works Company, ¡said Water Works Company to charge for water for flushing said sewers for only five days in any week, the water for such flushing to be furnished the city by said Water Company without charge for the two remaining days in any week; said company binding itself, on its part, that if said sewers shall be constructed, to furnish the city of Tampa during the continuance of its present contract with all the water wflich maybe required to flush said sewers during the continuance of said contract at a rate of seven cents per hundred cubic feet; and also to furnish water for water-closets for private dwellings and store-houses at a rate of four dollars per annum each; provided, that all such residences and store-houses requiring water along the line of water mains shall connect their premises with the sewers, and place in each residence or store-house, or attached thereto, a water-closet connected with the water main.
Sec. 10. That the mayor shall call a special election of the qualified electors of the city, to be held on the 14th day of July, A. D. 1894, at the polling places to be designated by the mayor in said call in the several wards of the city, at which election this ordinance shall be submitted to the qualified electors of the city for their approval; said election to be held and conducted in the manner prescribed by law and the ordinances of the city of Tampa; that inspectors' shall be appointed and qualified as in tli e case of general elections in said city; and they shall canvass the votes cast, making due returns of the same to the city council within three days after said election. That at [473]*473said election the ballot shall be a plain piece of paper with the words ‘For Bonding,’ or ‘Against Bonding,’ written or printed thereon; and if a majority of the votes cast at said election shall be cast ‘For Bonding,’ then this ordinance shall be in full force, and :said loan shall be negotiated, and said bonds shall issue as provided for in sections one, two and three of this ordinance; but should a majority of the votes legally cast at said election be ‘ Against Bonding,’ then this ordinance shall be of no effect, and said loan shall not be negotiated, and said bonds shall not issue as thereinbefore provided.”
Passed June 8th, 1894. Approved by the mayor June 12th, 1894.
Chapter 3951 of the laws of Florida, approved May 31st, 1889, entitled “An act to provide for the creation of a board of public works for the city of Tampa, Florida, and prescribing its powers and duties,” with which the said city ordinance is alleged to be in conflict, and by reason of which conflict the said election in favor of the issue of said bonds is claimed to be illegal and void, is as follows:
Section 1. That in addition to the offices now authorized by the charter of the city of Tampa, there shall be a board of public works; and the same is hereby constituted and established. The said board of public works shall consist of three members, who shall be freeholders in the city of Tampa, and electors thereof. The said members composing and constituting the board of public works shall be appointed by the mayor :and confirmed by the city council; Provided, however, That the names of the said members of the board of public works, as first appointed under this act, shall be sent to the council for confirmation at the first regular meeting of the said city council to be held in [474]*474July, 1889, at which time one member of the said board' of public works shall be appointed to hold office for one year, or until his successor is appointed and qualified; one shall be appointed to serve for two years, or until his successor is appointed and qualified, and one shall be appointed to serve for three years, or until his successor is appointed and qualified; and in each and every year thereafter, at the expiration of the term for which any member of the board of public works was appointed and confirmed, the mayor shall nominate to-the council one member of said board as hereinbefore provided, and in the event of the death, resignation or disqualification of any member or members of said board, the mayor shall, at the first ensuing session of the city council, nominate a successor or successors to-such member or members.
Sec. 2. Neither the mayor nor member of the city council shall be eligible to membership in the board of public works. Each member of the board shall, give bond, with not less than three sureties, to the satisfaction of the mayor and the city council, in the sum of not less than fifteen thousand ($15,-00.00) dollars, conditioned for the faithful performance of his duties and the proper disbursement of and accounting for all moneys coming into his hands in his official capacity, which sureties shall be required to justify, in the aggregate, to the amount of fifteen thousand ($15,000.00) dollars; and such bond shall, when approved by the mayor and city council,, be filed with the city clerk, and be enrolled by him in a book to be kept for the purpose of enrolling all offi-cial bonds. The members of the board shall receive such compensation for their services as the city council shall decide upon.
[475]*475Sec. 3 The board of public works shall hold regular meetings at least once in every two weeks, and as much oftener as the business entrusted ,to its care may require; two members of said board shall constitute a; quorum for the transaction of business. The ayes and' noes shall be called and entered upon a journal, upon' the passage of every motion or order of any kind, and no resolution or order shall be adopted unless two-votes are recorded in its favor. Said meetings shall be held at stated times, and no called meeting shall beJheld until notice of the called meeting shall have been given by the city clerk to each member, and no business shall be done at any called meeting unless such notice shall have been given.
Sec. 4. The board shall keep a complete record of all its proceedings, and a copy from its record, certified, to by the clerk of the board, shall be competent evidence in all courts of the State.
Sec. 5. The board shall have exclusive power to employ such chiefs or heads of departments (except the chief of the fire department and assistant chiefs), engineers, clerks, superintendents, laborers and other-persons as if may deem necessary for the execution of its duties, and to fix their compensation, and any of them may be discharged at any time by the board of public works at its discretion.
Sec. 6. The board of public works shall not elect, or employ, or appoint, or contract with the mayor or any councilman, or with any other city official.
Sec. 7. The board of public works shall have exclusive power and control over the construction, supervision, repairing, grading and improving of all streets, alleys, avenues, lands, public wharves and landings, market-houses and spaces, bridges, sewers, drains, ditches, culverts, canals, streams and water courses, [476]*476-side-walks and curbing, and over the lighting of all such public places as may be deemed necessary within the corporation, and to fix and establish the grades of all streets and alleys, avenues and thoroughfares. The said board shall also have exclusive power, supervision .and control over the construction, repairing, cleaning, ’lighting and heating of all public buildings, and over all public improvements of the city.
Sec. 8. The board shall have exclusive power to make all improvements and expenditures within the budget which shall cost less than two hundred dollars, but shall let all contracts of over two hundred dollars to the lowest responsible bidder.
Sec. 9. The board of public works shall, on or before the day fixed in each year, prepare and submit to the city council an itemized estimate of the amount of money necessary and advisable, in their opinion, to spend in the execution of the duties entrusted to them for the ensuing year, giving in detail the plans of construction and repairs, and estimates of expenditures and salaries, etc., proposed by them, with the estimated -cost of each improvement or salary, specifying for what department required, as streets, sewers, public buildings', waterworks, fire department, etc.
Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the mayor and city council, in their annual levy of taxes, to make such .-levy as in their judgment shall be necessary and advisable for expenditure, under the direction of the board of public works, and the amount so levied or raised from taxes, bonds or other sources, shall be collected and carried to the credit of the board of public works, and shall not be diverted from said board or be used by the mayor and city council for any other purpose; but the same shall remain as a separate fund in the hands of the treasurer of the city, and the bond of [477]*477the treasurer shall be sufficient to recover any amount', of the public moneys which may come into his hands.. Said bond, before being approved by the city council, must have the approval of the board of public works. The board shall not divert the ta-x levy of the mayor and city council from the purposes or departments for which it was levied; Provided, however, Thatwhenever the mayor, city council and board of public works find that there is a surplus in. any of the special funds, created by the tax levy or otherwise, the city council shall then have the power to carry the amount of said, surplus into the general fund, to be expended for the best interests of the city.
Sec. 11. When the board shall deem it advisable to-make a contract for the execution of any work, or for the purchase of any material for matters under its-charge, to an amount exceeding five hundred dollars, a careful estimate shall be made in detail of the cost of such work or material, and the board shall transmit to-the mayor and city council,, with its recommendations, a resolution authorizing the said.expenditures. with an, estimate of the cost. Upon the passage by the mayorandcity council of such resolution, it shall be the duty of the board of public works to advertise and let the-work and material to the lowest responsible bidder.
Seo. 12. All contracts of the board shall be made in the name of the city, shall be executed in behalf of the-city by the presiding officer of the board and attested, by the city clerk, under the seal of. the corporation, and shall be filed and recorded in the office of the-board.
Sec. 18. No member of the board or other person, whatever, in the employment of the board or otherwise, shall have power to create any liability on account of the board, or of the funds under its control,. [478]*478except by express authority of the board conferring at a meeting duly and regularly convened.
Sec. 14. If at any time it shall appear, in the judgment of the board, that the levy made by the mayor and city council for the current or ensuing year for the use of the department of public works, is insufficient for properly conducting the affairs of the city, and for constructing improvements and repairs of such things as are committed to their charge, consistent with the comfort and convenience of the inhabitants, they shall so report to the mayor and city council, furnishing at the same time an estimate of such deficiency, on the receipt of which it shall be lawful for said mayor and city council, in their discretion, to make such additional appropriation and proceed to make a special levy, on the basis of the last assessment upon the taxable property of the city, taxable for State purposes, but not to exceed with the livies previously made during the year the limit provided by law.
Sec. 15. No member, officer, or employee of the board, nor the mayor, nor any councilman or othecity officials, shall contract with the board of public works.
Sec. 16. No money shall be paid at any time to any person claiming under a contract with the board, until such person shall have first filed with the board his statement under oath declaring that no person forbidden by this act has any interest in the same.
Sec. 17. When, in the opinion of the board, it shall become necessary in the prosecution of any work to make alterations or modifications in such work, or in the specifications or plans of a contract, such alterations or modifications shall only be made by order of the board, and such order shall be of no effect until the price to be paid for the same shall have been agreed [479]*479upon in writing and signed by the contractor and approved by the board. The total, cost of the work, with the addition so agreed upon, shall not exceed the original estimate, unless such addition shall be agreed to by the mayor and city council, with the same formalities as attended the presentation and consideration of the original estimate. No contractor shall be allowed anything for extra work caused by an additional alteration or modification, unless an order shall have been made, and an agreement shall have been signed, as is provided in the preceding section, nor shall he in any case be allowed more for such alterations than the price fixed by such agreement.
Sec. 18. The board shall publish all resolutions declaring the necessity of improvements and expenditures over five hundred dollars, and a resolution authorizing such improvements and expenditures over five hundred dollars must be passed by the mayor and city council, on the recommendation of the board of public works, before the expenditure can be authorized or the work be done.
Sec. 19. Any member of the board may be removed from office for incompetency, inefficiency, neglect of duty, or misconduct in office, by a vote of three-fourths of all the members elected to the city council. For the unexpired term such vacancy shall be filled by appointment of the mayor under the same rules as govern other appointments of members of the board. Upon specific charges, in writing and sworn to, being preferred against a member of the board of public works, the city council, by a majority vote of the board, may suspend such member for ten days, and within ten days after the order of suspension the charges shall be tried by the city council, unless the accused ask for further time. If a member of the board of public [480]*480works shall be adjudged on such trial or inquiry to> have been guilty of the charge against him, the city council shall have the power to punish by a three-fourths vote of the whole board by dismissal from-office, or by a majority vote on the call of the roll by further suspension, as in their opinion the grade of offense may deserve. The decision of the city council' as to suspension or dismissal shall be transmitted to-the board of public works to be entered on its record - Vacancies, whether by removal or suspension, occurring after trial of charges, as herein provided, shall be filled as in other cases, and the mayor shall have power to make temporary appointments to fill vacancies in the board of public works, if a trial as herein provided should be delayed at the instance of the accused.
Sec. 20. At the first meeting after their election the-board of public works shall elect one of their number-chairman, who shall serve as such for two years. If they fail to do so the mayor shall appoint one of their-number, who shall be chairman for two years. The-chairman shall cast his vote on all questions voted upon.
Sec. 21.. The city clerk of the city shall be also the clerk, of the board of public works. His duties as such clerk, shall be to keep the minutes of all official acts of the-board, and to do all other services usually pertaining to such office. He shall receive for his services as-clerk such compensation as may be determined by the-board.
Sec. 22. The board of public works shall in every year prepare and submit to the city council an itemized statement of its receipts and expenditures, which,, when approved by the city council, shall be a ratification of the act,' and be filed with the city clerk and. published with the annual statement of city officers.
[481]*481It is practically admitted in the argument here, and we think correctly so, that those provisions of the said city ordinance that provide that -the proceeds of the bonds to be issued thereunder shall be deposited by the board of trustees who are to .sell said bonds with, some bank or banks by them to be selected,, and that provide for the expenditure of the proceeds of said bonds by said board of trustees,' and that provide for the payment of said moneys through said National banks if the city treasurer shall fail'or refuse to give additional security for said moneys arising from said bonds, do conflict with the provisions of said Chapter 3951, that creates and clothes a board of public works for the city of Tampa as officials with the exclusive power and control over the construction, supervision and repairing of the public works of improvement in said city, the erection and construction of which are proposed as the object, purpose and necessity for the-negotiation of the loan to be secured by said bonds. Wherever the provisions of said ordinance undertake to clothe the board of trustees therein provided for with any of the powers that devolve by the provisions of said Chapter 3951 of the State law upon the board of public works therein provided for, and wherever it undertakes to usurp for any bank or banks the powers and duties devolving by the law of the city’s charter upon its treasurer, or any other of its officials, all such provisions of said ordinance are inoperative and void. But it is contended in favor of those provisions of said ordinance that conflict with the provisions of said Chapter 3951, in undertaking to usurp for the board of trustees of the former the powers and duties that belong to the board of public works of the latter, that said Chapter 3951 of the statute law, approved May 31st, 1889, has [482]*482been repealed by Chapter 8950, subsequently approved on June 5th, 1889, entitled “An act to amend an act entitled an act to abolish the corporations of the towns of Tampa and North Tampa, and to define the boundaries thereof;’ and that if it was not repealed by the last-mentioned act, it was repealed by Chapter 4084 laws, approved June 8th, 1891; and if not repealed by either or both of the above acts, it was certainly repealed by Chapter 4085 laws, approved June 8th, 1891, or by Chapter 4086 laws, approved June 10th, 1891. Without prolonging this opinion to the unnecessary extent of mentioning and dissecting in detail the provisions of said several acts claimed to operate as a repeal of Chapter 3951 above, we deem it advisable to say simply that we have carefully and critically examined and compared the provisions of each and every of them, and we find no such inconsistency or conflict in any of the provisions thereof as would warrant the .assertion that Chapter 3951 is, or was intended to be, repealed by any of them, and there is no express repeal of that chapter in any of them. There is no such inconsistency or conflict between the provisions of any of the mentioned chapters and Chapter 3951 as that the provisions of the latter act could not co-exist and be carried out at the same time that the provisions of the alleged repealing acts were executed. The chief argument urged in support of the contention that between them there is an irreconcilable conflict and a consequent repeal is, that these several charter acts, passed subsequently to Chapter 3951, clothe the city council with the same general powers that are delegated by Chapter 8951 to the city’s board of public works, and that in this apparent lodgment of the same powers in two different bodies of municipal officers lies the conflict. There is nothing in this contention. [483]*483'The powers conferred by these, sevéral acts upon the city council are general corporate powers delegated, through the council as the legislative branch of the city’s government, to the municipality as a governmental corporation, to be exercised and carried out by the city council legislatively as contradistinguished from executively. When the city council in their legislative capacity determine that any given corporate power falling within the supervision of the city’s board of public works shall be set in motion or exercised by the corporation, they so legislatively direct and declare, then the official functions of the board of public works comes into action, and they, as the official executive arm of the city’s government, carry the given power into active practical execution. The council exercises the power for the municipality legislatively, the board of public works carries it out executively. The duties of the two official bodies in connection with the same power are interdependent, not independent, the one upon the other; and, in the exercise of any given power within their respective spheres, there is not and need not be any conflict. In Chapter 3951 there are no corporate powers conferred upon the municipality to be exercised by and through the board of public works therein created, but said board is simply therein made the executive arm of the city’s government for the carrying out of certain corporate powers with which the city as a municipal corporation is otherwise clothed by law; whereas, in the several acts claimed to operate as a repeal of this Chapter, the corporate powers that such board are to actively carry out are initiatively conferred upon the municipality itself as much through the medium of its legislative arm, the city council. Without these .acts conferring the general power upon the mtonici[484]*484polity in any given case, Chapter 3951, conferring-upon the board of public works the duty of actively carrying out such power, would be entirely nugatory. As an illustration, section two of-Chapter 3950 confers upon the city council of Tampa the power to prescribe- and maintain a system of drainage and sewerage. Section seven of Chapter 3951 clothes the board of public-works of said city with the exclusive power and control over the construction, supervision and repairing-of said drains and sewers. If the city itself were not clothed with the corporate power to prescribe and maintain drains and sewers, then the power of construction, supervision and repair thereof in the board of public works as officers of the city would be nugatory.
Having seen that those provisions of this city ordinance that undertake to confer upon the board of trustees therein created the power to expend the-moneys arising from the sale of said bonds, and to deposit said moneys with a bank or banks by them to be selected, instead of with the treasurer of said city, are-illegal and void, it now remains to be seen whether any part of said ordinance is legal, and whether the valid parts thereof are so- separate and complete within and of themselves, independently of the features thereof found to be- invalid, as to authorize the issue, negotiation and sale of the bonds therein provided for. It is now abundantly settled, we think, by the great weight of the authorities that a municipal, ordinance, like a legislative- statute, may be good in part and upheld, while part thereof may be adjudged to be illegal and void, provided the void parts thereof are not so connected with or essential to the completeness of the valid parts as that the latter can not standalone or be carried out independently of and without. [485]*485the void, provisions, or unless the different parts of the ordinance are so interdependent or blended together that it can not be fairly said that the Legislature would not have adopted the one without the-other. 1 Dillon on Municipal Corporations (4th ed.), sec. 421 and citations; Bishop on Statutory Crimes(2nd ed.), secs. 26, 34 and citations; The King vs. The Company of Fishermen of Faverham, 8 Term Rep. 352; Villavaso vs. Barthet, 39 La. Ann. 247; Commonwealth vs. Dow, 10 Met. 382; State vs. Hardy, 7 Neb. 377.
It must be observed that the only charge of illegality made in the bill against the election held upon the question of the issue of said bonds, and against the validity of the said ordinance authorizing and calling said election is, that “the said election and said ordinance are void for the reason that i-f the said bonds are issued and sold under and by virtue of said ordinance and said election, the funds arising from the sale thereof will be unlawfully diverted from their proper and legal channel, and the same will be taken charge of, spent and used by a body of men so-called trustees, who have not and can have no legal authority or right to take possession of said bonds, or to receive or control the same, or to sell and dispose of the same, or to expend the proceeds arising from the sale of said bonds, or any part thereof, although said ordinance undertakes and attempts to confer such authority and power upon the said trustees so-called'.” This is the .sole assault in the bill upon the validity of the election and upon the ordinance authorizing and calling :same. There is no charge that there was anything wrong or illegal in the election itself, or in the conduct thereof, or that it resulted otherwise than in favor of the issue of said bonds, or that the city had no legal .authority to bond itself with the .sanction of the elec[486]*486tors expressed through an election, or that the proposed issue of bonds is far too large an amount, or in excess of the amount to which the city is limited by law in creating a bonded indebtedness, or that the corporate purposes and objects to which the proceeds of said bonds are proposed to be applied are ultra vires, or the proposed terms, provisions or conditions of said, bonds, or the rate of interest they are to bear are at all illegal. Nothing of this kind is alleged in the bill;' in fact it makes no assault whatever either upon the election itself or upon the bonds proposed to be issued and sold, or upon the corporate objects to which the-proceeds of the bonds are to be devoted. The sole-grievance of the bill is, that under this ordinance the-proceeds or money arising from the sale of said bonds-will be put into the hands, for expenditure, of an illegally constituted body of trustees.
Turning now again to the ordinance providing for the issuance of the bonds and submitting the question of the necessity of such issuance to the vote of the-people, we find the authority of the city of Tampa for negotiating loans and issuing bonds therefor to be contained in the following section 9 of Chapter 8779 laws,, approved June 2d, 1887; viz: “That the city council shall have power to negotiate loans and issue bonds therefor whenever by a majority the voters of the-city determine that the same is necessary for the benefit or improvement of the city; provided, that the-amount of bonded indebtedness shall never exceed twenty per cent, of the appraised value of the property of said city.” What question, pure and simple, were the city council authorizedor required to submit to the vote of the people under this law as a condition precedent to their exercise of the power conferred upon them to negotiate loans and issue bonds therefor? [487]*487The answer seems obvious, that the council simply had to propose the naked question of the amount of the loan to be negotiated and the corporate purposes and objects to which it was to be applied, and the terms and conditions upon which it was to be contracted, and if these questions were properly submitted to the people, and if a majority of their votes were in favor of the loan, and the issue of bonds to secure it, the condition precedent to the exercise by the city council of the power to negotiate the loan and issue bonds to secure it has been fully complied with. With the details of such questions, as through what particular individuals’ hands the moneys from such loan shall pass or be expended after it becomes the property of the city, the voters of the city, as such, have nothing-whatever to do. It was unnecessary and improper to have submitted any such question for their sanction through an election, and because any such illegal proposition was mixed up with and presented for their sanction along with other questions upon which they had a right to vote does not and should not render their decision void upon the main question submitted to them, and in which alone they had a voice. The power of the voters in such cases is purely statutory, and they have no voice in any other matter than that the statute authorizes to be submitted to them. State ex rel. vs. County Court of Daviess County, 64 Mo. 30. The provisions of this ordinance, to the effect that the moneys arising from the proposed loan should be expended by the board of trustees, and should be deposited in banks, etc., dealt with matters that could arise only subsequently to the issue and sale of the bonds,, and we can not see how the illegality of such provisions, though submitted to the people along with the main question in which alone they had a right to be [488]*488heard, can or should operate to vitiate their decision that the necessity existed for such loan, and the proposed issue of bonds to secure it. The ordinance, with these illegal provisions taken out of it, is left fully operative and complete; independently of and disconnected from said illegal features it submits fully to the people for their vote of approval or rejection the matters authorized and required by law to be submitted to them; the issue of the bonds proposed thereby are for proper and legitimate corporate objects and purposes that the city is empowered to deal with, construct and maintain at the city’s expense; and the illegal features of the ordinance relate to matters that must of necessity arise subsequently to the issue and complete sale of the bonds, that can now or hereafter be rectified by the city council bjr the enactment of other proper and legitimate provisions for the expenditure and safe-lceeping of the funds that shall come to the city’s hands from the sale of said bonds, without affecting the contract of loan, or the election held to authorize the same. Yesler vs. City of Seattle, 1 Wash. 308, 25 Pac. Rep. 1014. Because the proceeds of the loan and bonds are threatened in advance with being expended by improper hands, or deposited with the wrong keepers certainly can not be held to vitiate the contracting of the loan or the issue of bonds to secure it, if all the legal prerequisite steps have been taken leading up to such bond issue. It is well-settled that municipal corporations have the power to appoint agents for the performance of such duties for it as are of a purely ministerial or administrative character. 1 Dillon on Municipal Corporations, sec. 96 and citations; 15 Am. & Eng. Ency. of Law, p. 1044 and citations. The receiving of the bonds after they shall have been executed by the proper officers, and the sale of [489]*489the same for current funds at par, and delivering the proceeds to the proper city official or officials, are duties purely ministerial in their character, and there is no reason why the city council can not in some proper manner appoint a fiscal agent or agents to perform these ministerial duties for it. And it may be done now or at any time after the issue of such bonds, but the city can not appoint four of such agents for itself, and authorize them to choose and designate for it a fifth man, as is attempted to be done by this ordinance; the maxim, delegata potestas non potest delegari will apply in such cases.
The prayer of the bill is, that the city may be restrained from issuing, selling, delivering, pledging or otherwise disposing of any of the said bonds, and the injunction granted and appealed from conforms to this prayer. As we have seen, there is nothing exhibited in this bill showing any illegality in the proposed issue of bonds, or in the bonds themselves, or in the election called and held to sanction their issue, or in the power of the city to issue them for the objects proposed, but that nothing more is set up than that the proceeds thereof will be dealt with, not improperly or wrongfully, but by the wrong hands. There is nothing .shown that affects the legality of the proposed issue, negotiation, sale and delivery of the bonds themselves, except that when issued they are to be sold by improperly authorized agents of the city.
It follows, from what has been said, that the decree .appealed from must be so modified as that it shall only restrain the delivery of the bonds to the trustees as at .present appointed by said city ordinance for negotiation and sale, and so that the proceeds thereof shall [490]*490not be received or expended by such trustees, or be-deposited by them with any banks ás proposed by such ordinance, and it is so ordered.