City of McAllen, Texas v. Manuel Trigo, Jr. and Lydia Cantu

• Court: Court of Appeals of Texas
• Decided: December 14, 2006
• Docket: 13-04-00344-CV
• Status: Published

Opinion

NUMBER 13-04-344-CV

COURT OF APPEALS

THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG

___________________________________________________________________

CITY OF McALLEN, Appellant,

v.

MANUEL TRIGO, JR. AND LYDIA CANTU, Appellees.

___________________________________________________________________

On appeal from the 370^th District Court of Hidalgo County, Texas.

___________________________________________________________________

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Before Chief Justice Valdez and Justices Yañez and Garza

Memorandum Opinion Per Curiam

Appellant, City of McAllen, is appealing a trial court judgment granting injunctive relief prohibiting it from interfering with Manuel Trigo and Lydia Cantu's use of their premises for "commercial purposes." Currently pending before the Court are appellees' motion to abate and appellees' "motion to reverse and remand or affirm on certificate." We deny the motion to abate, and grant the motion to reverse and remand as stated herein.

I. Background

Following a bench trial, appellant timely perfected appeal and requested preparation of the appellate record. The court reporter prepared the reporter's record, however, the exhibits which had been tendered to and considered by the trial court were lost.

On October 27, 2005, this Court issued an order abating the appeal and directing the trial court to hold a hearing to make findings under Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure 34.6. See Tex. R. App. P. 34.6(f) (pertaining to lost or destroyed reporter's records). We asked the trial court to forward the record of the proceedings, including any orders and findngs, to this Court. The trial court held the directed hearing, and we have now received the reporters' record of that hearing, the trial court's findings of fact and conclusions of law, and a supplemental record including those exhibits which the trial court found could be replaced and substituted. In its findings, the trial court stated that:

The Court finds that at the trial on the merits, in addition to the testimony of the witnesses, various exhibits were entered into evidence. The Court considered these exhibits in rendering its decision.

The Court finds that such exhibits have been lost without fault of either party.

The Court finds that some of the exhibits, i.e., exhibits which were the internal documents of the City of McAllen, can be replaced and substituted. The copies tendered to the Court by the City of McAllen are true and correct copies of these exhibits.

However, the Court further finds that both sides tendered videotapes and photographs as exhibits, which were considered by [the Court]. Thse videotapes and photographs cannot be reproduced or duplicated, both because of changes in circumstance, and because the parties are not 100% sure what these pictures were. The parties did not keep copies of these photographs or videotapes.

Appellees have requested that we abate the appeal, allowing them to avoid filing their appellate brief, until this Court determines whether appellants are entitled to a new trial due to the lost exhibits. In a separate motion, appellees request that we reverse and remand for a new trial or "affirm on certificate." ⁽¹⁾ In contrast, appellant contends that the Court should require full briefing from both parties before determining the materiality of the missing exhibits. Appellant asks that "if the merits of this appeal can be fairly resolved on the existing record, this Court should proceed to hear it." Alternatively, appellant requests that we reverse and remand for a new trial.

II. Analysis

The appellate rules provide that an appellant is entitled to a new trial under the following circumstances:

(1) if the appellant has timely requested a reporter's record;

(2) if, without the appellant's fault, a significant exhibit or a significant portion of the court reporter's notes and records has been lost or destroyed or - if the proceedings were electronically recorded - a significant portion of the recording has been lost or destroyed or is inaudible;

(3) if the lost, destroyed, or inaudible portion of the reporter's record, or the lost and destroyed exhibit, is necessary to the appeal's resolution; and

(4) if the lost, destroyed, or inaudible portion of the reporter's record cannot be replaced by agreement of the parties, or the lost or destroyed exhibit cannot be replaced either by agreement of the parties or with a copy determined by the trial court to accurately duplicate with reasonable certainty the original exhibit.

Tex. R. App. P. 34.6(f). Three of the four elements of Rule 34.k6(f) are undisputed. First, the record was timely requested. Id. at 34.6(f)(1). Second, the exhibits have been lost without appellant's fault. Id. at 34.6(f)(2). Third, the parties cannot agree on substitutions for the missing exhibits because none of the parties kept copies of the exhibits. Id. at 34.6(f)(4). Accordingly, the only issue before the Court is whether the exhibits are "necessary to the appeal's resolution." Id. at 34.6(f)(3).

The appellant has the burden of establishing that the missing portion of the record is "necessary to the resolution of the appeal." See Palmer v. Espey Huston & Assocs., 84 S.W.3d 345, 352 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 2002, pet. denied); see also Gaston v. State, 63 S.W.3d 893, 899 (Tex. App.-Dallas 2001, no pet.). This provision is itself a harm analysis, that is, if the missing portion of the record is not necessary to the appeal's resolution, then the loss of that portion of the record is harmless under the rule, and a new trial is not required. Issac v. State, 989 S.W.2d 754, 757 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999).

We have reviewed appellant's brief and the list of missing exhibits. The missing exhibits consist of photographs and videotapes. The general content of some of these photographs is apparent from trial testimony; these photographs variously appear to depict vehicular parking and general traffic flow at the subject address and at nearby properties. The subject matter of other photographs is unidentifiable, as is the content of the videotapes.

We have similarly reviewed the nine issues raised in appellant's brief. Appellant's issues pertain, inter alia, to whether appellee Trigo had standing to bring suit; whether appellees were entitled to relief based on prior "non-conforming" use of the premises; whether the City's actions constituted a "taking"; whether the City denied equal protection to appellees if there was no or insufficient evidence that its actions were motivated by race or that similarly situated landowners were treated differently; whether the zoning ordinance was legal; and whether the injunction was overbroad insofar as it affected building codes and regulations.

We conclude that the missing exhibits are necessary to the appeal's disposition.

First, although the trial court's findings do not include a finding expressly regarding whether the exhibits were necessary to the appeal's disposition, the trial court did state that it "considered these exhibits in rendering its decision."

Second, some of the photographs are relevant to issues raised on appeal and are not cumulative of other evidence adduced at trial. The City denied appellees' request to rezone the property for commercial use, at least in part, because the premises allegedly posed a traffic hazard. The City denied appellees' request for a commercial use permit, again, at least in part, because the permitted use would allegedly create heavy traffic. The photographs regarding traffic and parking at the subject premises are relevant to these issues. Moreover, photographs of nearby premises are relevant to the City's issue regarding equal protection and whether similarly situated landowners are treated differently. While some of these photographs were discussed at trial, we do not find that the trial testimony furnishes an adequate representation of the exhibits, and accordingly, we do not find that the photographs would be cumulative of other evidence adduced at trial. ⁽²⁾

Third, the City raises both legal and factual sufficiency challenges with regard to its equal protection challenges. When reviewing legal sufficiency, we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the finding, crediting favorable evidence if a reasonable fact finder could, and disregarding contrary evidence unless a reasonable fact finder could not. City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 807 (Tex. 2005). In reviewing a factual sufficiency issue, we consider and weigh all the evidence and set aside a finding only if the evidence is so weak as to be clearly wrong and manifestly unjust. Ortiz v. Jones, 917 S.W.2d 770, 772 (Tex. 1996); Cain v. Bain, 709 S.W.2d 175, 176 (Tex. 1986). Given our conclusion that some of the lost exhibits are relevant and non-cumulative, we cannot perform our required review of the sufficiency of the evidence in light of an incomplete record.

III. Conclusion

Given the foregoing, we dismiss appellee's motion to abate as moot. Appellees' "motion to reverse and remand or affirm on certificate" is granted in part and denied in part. We deny the motion insofar as it requests that we affirm this appeal on certificate, a procedure which is no longer authorized by the appellate rules. We grant said motion insofar as it requests reversal and remand. Any other pending motions are dismissed as moot.

We REVERSE and REMAND this matter for a new trial. See Tex. R. App. P. 34.6(f).

PER CURIAM

Memorandum Opinion delivered and filed this

the 14th day of December, 2006.

1. The rules of civil procedure formerly allowed the appellee, upon motion, to have the case affirmed on certificate if the appellant failed to file a transcript of the record in the proper time. This procedure required the appellee to file in the appellate court a certified copy of the judgment and a certificate of the clerk of the trial court stating when and how such appeal or writ of error was perfected. Tex. R. Civ. P. 387a (Vernon 1985, repealed 1986). This procedure was not incorporated in the current appellate rules. See generally Tex. R. App. P. 34.6(f), 42.

2. Some of the remaining photographs and the videotapes are not identified or described at all in the trial testimony, and we have no way to evaluate the relevance or lack thereof of these exhibits in light of the issues at hand in this appeal.