Citizen of Hocking Cty. v. Ohio Power Co.

2012 Ohio 4985

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: October 23, 2012
• Docket: 11AP24
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Citizen of Hocking Cty. v. Ohio Power Co., 2012-Ohio-4985.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT HOCKING COUNTY

Citizen of Hocking County, : : Plaintiff-Appellant, : : Case No. 11CA24 v. : : DECISION AND Ohio Power Company, : JUDGMENT ENTRY : Defendant-Appellee. : Filed: October 23, 2012 ______________________________________________________________________

APPEARANCES:

Melanie A. Ogle, Rockbridge, Ohio, pro se Appellant.

Brian L. Buzby and Daniel B. Miller, Porter, Wright, Morris & Arthur, LLP, Columbus, Ohio, for Appellee. ______________________________________________________________________

Kline, J.:

{¶1} Melanie Ogle1 appeals the judgment of the Hocking County Court of

Common Pleas, which denied her Motion to Vacate Judgment and Demand for

Recusal. In her motion to vacate, Ogle argued that the trial court erred when it

dismissed her complaint on the grounds of res judicata. We conclude that Ogle’s

motion to vacate constituted an improper substitute for a direct, timely appeal of the res-

judicata issue. Therefore, we do not reach the merits of Ogle’s arguments. Next, Ogle

claims that the trial court erred when it failed to grant her motion for recusal. Because

we lack jurisdiction to review a trial court’s decision on a motion for recusal, we cannot

1 Melanie Ogle filed her complaint as “Citizen of Hocking County.” However, she has since indicated that she intended only to advance claims on her own behalf. Consequently, we will refer to Melanie Ogle as “Ogle” rather than “Citizen of Hocking County.” Hocking App. No. 11CA24 2

consider Ogle’s argument that the trial judge should have recused himself. Accordingly,

we dismiss this appeal.

I.

{¶2} Ogle and Ohio Power Company (hereinafter “Ohio Power”) have engaged

in various legal disputes over the last several years. Essentially, the dispute began

when Ohio Power sought to construct a telecommunications tower near Ogle’s property.

See Ogle v. Ohio Power Co., 180 Ohio App.3d 44, 2008-Ohio-7042, 903 N.E.2d 1284, ¶

2 (4th Dist.2008). Eventually, Ohio Power obtained an easement through Ogle’s

property. See Ohio Power Co. v. Ogle, 4th Dist. Nos. 09CA1 & 09AP1, 2009-Ohio-

5953, ¶¶ 3, 16. Ohio Power claimed that Ogle (and her husband) interfered with Ohio

Power’s use of the easement. See Ohio Power Co. v. Ogle, 4th Dist. Nos. 10CA13 &

10AP13, 2011-Ohio-3903, ¶ 4. In August 2009, Ohio Power sought to have Ogle held

in contempt of court for the alleged interference. See id.

{¶3} Also in August 2009, Ogle filed her complaint in this case. In her

complaint, Ogle alleged that Ohio Power had failed to obtain various permits necessary

for the work Ohio Power was conducting near Ogle’s property. Ogle voluntarily

dismissed the complaint in this case on August 10, 2009. Ogle claims that she did so

because her attorney informed her that the permit issue would be raised during the

contempt proceedings.

{¶4} Apparently, Ogle determined that the permit issues were not fully

addressed in the contempt proceedings. As a result, Ogle filed a “motion to reopen” this

case on September 9, 2009. The trial court granted Ogle’s motion to reopen. Ohio

Power then moved for sanctions against Ogle under Civ.R. 11 and R.C. 2323.51. Hocking App. No. 11CA24 3

{¶5} On October 19, 2009, the trial court filed an entry dismissing Ogle’s

complaint. The trial court ruled that Ogle’s claims were barred under the doctrine of res

judicata. The trial court later imposed sanctions upon Ogle in an April 15, 2010 entry.

{¶6} Several weeks after the trial court filed its April 15, 2010 entry, Attorney

Charles Gerken (hereinafter “Attorney Gerken”) requested a certificate of judgment on

behalf of Ohio Power. Attorney Gerken is the brother of the trial judge in this case,

Judge Thomas Gerken (hereinafter “Judge Gerken”). (Attorney Gerken has apparently

represented Ohio Power in other cases.)

{¶7} Ogle appealed from the April 15, 2010 entry. In that appeal, Ogle

challenged the trial court’s October 19, 2009 entry dismissing her complaint on res-

judicata grounds as well as the imposition of sanctions in the April 15, 2010 entry. Ohio

Power moved to dismiss Ogle’s appeal with respect to her res-judicata arguments.

Ohio Power argued that Ogle did not timely appeal the October 19, 2009 entry. We

granted Ohio Power’s motion to dismiss Ogle’s appeal with respect to her res-judicata

arguments. Ogle later moved to voluntarily dismiss the remainder of her appeal, and

we granted Ogle’s motion.

{¶8} On October 14, 2010, Ogle filed a “Motion to Vacate Judgment and

Demand for Recusal.” In her motion, Ogle argued that the trial court should vacate its

October 19, 2009 entry because res judicata did not warrant dismissal of her complaint.

Ogle also argued that Judge Gerken should recuse himself based on an alleged conflict

of interest caused by the involvement of Attorney Gerken. Hocking App. No. 11CA24 4

{¶9} The trial court did not rule on Ogle’s motion while her appeal from the April

15, 2010 entry was pending before us. On June 27, 2011, after we granted Ogle’s

motion to dismiss her appeal, the trial court denied Ogle’s motion to vacate.

{¶10} Ogle appeals and asserts the following assignments of error: I. “THE

TRIAL COURT ERRED IN OVERRULING APPELLANT’S MOTION TO VACATE ITS

OCTOBER 19, 2009 ENTRY TO THE APPELLANTS’ [sic] PREJUDICE.” And II. “THE

TRIAL COURT ERRED FOR TRIAL JUDGE’S FAILURE TO RECUSE HIMSELF TO

THE APPELLANT’S PREJUDICE.”

II.

{¶11} In her first assignment of error, Ogle argues that the trial court erred when

it denied her Civ.R. 60(B) motion to vacate the trial court’s October 19, 2009 entry. As

stated above, the October 19, 2009 entry dismissed Ogle’s claims on the grounds of res

judicata. Ogle argues that the trial court should have granted her motion to vacate

because the requirements of res judicata were not satisfied.

{¶12} Civ.R. 60(B) provides:

On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court

may relieve a party or his legal representative from a

final judgment, order or proceeding for the following

reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or

excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence

which by due diligence could not have been

discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule

59(B); (3) fraud (whether heretofore denominated Hocking App. No. 11CA24 5

intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation or other

misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment has

been satisfied, released or discharged, or a prior

judgment upon which it is based has been reversed or

otherwise vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the

judgment should have prospective application; or (5)

any other reason justifying relief from the judgment.

The motion shall be made within a reasonable time,

and for reasons (1), (2) and (3) not more than one

year after the judgment, order or proceeding was

entered or taken. A motion under this subdivision (B)

does not affect the finality of a judgment or suspend

its operation.

{¶13} The movant must demonstrate the following in order to prevail on a motion

under Civ.R. 60(B): “(1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim to present if relief

is granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R.

60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time, and, where

the grounds of relief are Civ.R. 60(B)(1), (2) or (3), not more than one year after the

judgment, order or proceeding was entered or taken.” GTE Automatic Elec., Inc. v.

ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146, 351 N.E.2d 113 (1976), paragraph two of the

syllabus.

{¶14} For the following reasons, we will not address Ogle’s res-judicata

arguments. Civ.R. 60(B) cannot be used as a substitute for a direct, timely appeal. See Hocking App. No. 11CA24 6

Doe v. Trumbull Cty. Children Servs. Bd., 28 Ohio St.3d 128, 502 N.E.2d 605 (1986),

paragraph two of the syllabus; Newell v. White, 4th Dist. No. 05CA27, 2006-Ohio-637, ¶

15. “If a party raises the same question in a Civ.R. 60(B) motion as [she] could have

raised on a direct appeal, [that party] could get an indirect extension of time for appeal

by appealing the denial of the Civ.R. 60(B) motion.” Id., citing Parke-Chapley Constr.

Co. v. Cherrington, 865 F.2d 907, 915 (7th Cir.1989). Thus, “[w]hen a Civ.R. 60(B)

motion is used as a substitute for a timely appeal, and when the denial of that motion is

subsequently appealed, the proper response is the dismissal of the appeal.” Garrett v.

Gortz, 8th Dist. No. 90625, 2008-Ohio-4369, ¶ 14, citing State ex rel. Richard v.

Cuyahoga Cty. Commrs., 89 Ohio St.3d 205, 729 N.E.2d 755 (2000); accord Elliott v.

Smead Mfg. Co., 4th Dist. Nos. 08CA13 & 08AP13, 2009-Ohio-3754, ¶ 12-13.

{¶15} In her Civ.R. 60(B) motion to vacate, Ogle argued that the trial court erred

when it determined that res judicata barred her claims. Ogle should have raised this

argument in a direct, timely appeal of the trial court’s October 19, 2009 entry. See

generally Newell at 14 (“[I]t is the function of the appellate court to correct legal errors

committed by the trial court.”) (Emphasis sic.). And because Civ.R. 60(B) cannot be

used as a substitute for a direct appeal, we must dismiss the portion of Ogle’s appeal

that deals with her motion to vacate. See Garrett at ¶ 14.

{¶16} Accordingly, we dismiss Ogle’s appeal with respect to her first assignment

of error.

III.

{¶17} In her second assignment of error, Ogle argues that the trial court erred

when it failed to grant her motion for recusal. The basis of Ogle’s argument is that after Hocking App. No. 11CA24 7

the trial court imposed sanctions against her, Attorney Gerken, the trial judge’s brother,

filed documents in the case on behalf of Ohio Power. Ogle asserts that the presence of

the trial judge’s brother demonstrates that the trial judge has a conflict of interest.

{¶18} Initially, we note that “a court of appeals lacks jurisdiction to review

[recusal] decisions.” State ex rel. Hough v. Saffold, 131 Ohio St.3d 54, 2012-Ohio-28,

960 N.E.2d 451, ¶ 2. The Supreme Court of Ohio has explained that “only the Chief

Justice or [the Chief Justice’s] designee may hear disqualification matters[.]” Beer v.

Griffith, 54 Ohio St.2d 440, 441, 377 N.E.2d 775 (1978). Consequently, a “Court of

Appeals [is] without authority to pass upon disqualification or to void the judgment of the

trial court upon that basis.” Id. at 441-442.

{¶19} Moreover, “R.C. 2701.03 sets forth the procedure by which a party may

seek disqualification. The statute requires the party seeking disqualification to file an

affidavit of prejudice with the Ohio Supreme Court. This court, therefore, has no

jurisdiction to pass upon this issue[.]” State v. Ramos, 88 Ohio App.3d 394, 398, 623

N.E.2d 1336 (9th Dist.1993); see also Goddard v. Children’s Hosp. Med. Ctr., 141 Ohio

App.3d 467, 473, 751 N.E.2d 1062 (1st Dist.2000) (“[T]he Goddards urge us to review

the trial court’s refusal to recuse itself from the case. We have no jurisdiction to do so.

Only the Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, or any judge of that court designated

by the Chief Justice, has jurisdiction to determine a common pleas disqualification.”).

{¶20} Thus, we lack jurisdiction to consider Ogle’s argument that the trial court

erred when it failed to grant her motion for recusal. Having determined that we cannot

address the merits of Ogle’s arguments in both of her assignments of error, we hereby

dismiss Ogle’s appeal. Hocking App. No. 11CA24 8

APPEAL DISMISSED. Hocking App. No. 11CA24 9

JUDGMENT ENTRY

It is ordered that the APPEAL BE DISMISSED. Appellant shall pay the costs herein taxed.

The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Hocking County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure. Exceptions.

Harsha, J. and McFarland, J.: Concur in Judgment & Opinion.

For the Court

BY:_____________________________ Roger L. Kline, Judge

NOTICE TO COUNSEL

Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing with the clerk.