Charley v. Johnson

2010 NMSC 024, 233 P.3d 775, 148 N.M. 246
CourtNew Mexico Supreme Court
DecidedJune 2, 2010
Docket32,337
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 2010 NMSC 024 (Charley v. Johnson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Charley v. Johnson, 2010 NMSC 024, 233 P.3d 775, 148 N.M. 246 (N.M. 2010).

Opinion

OPINION

PER CURIAM.

{1} This election challenge case presents us with the opportunity to discuss the intent and importance of our recent amendments to Rule 1-096 NMRA, the civil procedure rule governing district court actions to challenge nominating petitions. The district court ruled in favor of Plaintiffs, who challenged the sufficiency and validity of Kerby Johnson’s nominating petitions for magistrate court judge in San Juan County. The court ordered the county clerk to not place Johnson’s name on the ballot. Johnson then appealed to this Court. After hearing oral argument, we ruled from the bench in Johnson’s favor and ordered that he be placed on the ballot for the upcoming Democratic primary election. We now issue this opinion to provide guidance for future actions challenging nominating petitions.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

{2} Johnson filed a declaration of candidacy for the position of magistrate judge in Division 4 of the San Juan County magistrate district. Along with his declaration of candidacy, Johnson filed nominating petitions in support of his candidacy, which contained 166 signatures from individuals ostensibly qualified to vote for Johnson in the upcoming Democratic primary election. Although Johnson’s declaration of candidacy clearly stated that he was running for the position of San Juan County magistrate judge in Division 4, his nominating petitions did not advise those signing the petitions that Johnson was seeking the Division 4 judgeship, but instead only stated that he was running for the position of magistrate judge in San Juan County.

{3} Candidates for the Democratic nomination to the Division 4 magistrate judgeship in San Juan County must submit nominating petitions containing signatures equal to at least three percent of the vote cast in Division 4 for all the Democratic candidates for Governor in the last primary election that nominated a Democratic candidate for Governor in the last primary election, see NMSA 1978, § 1-8-33(0) (2008), which for this election cycle required a minimum of 31 signatures from citizens registered and qualified to vote for the Division 4 judgeship. To be qualified to vote in the Democratic primary for the Division 4 judgeship, the voter must be a registered Democrat who resides in San Juan County precincts 5 through 7, 15, 16, 53, 57, 71, 79, 81, and 83 through 86. NMSA 1978, § 35-l-27(B)(4) (2007).

{4} Plaintiffs filed a complaint in district court on March 22, 2010, pursuant to Rule 1-096 challenging the sufficiency and validity of Johnson’s nominating petitions. Plaintiffs’ complaint asserted a two-pronged challenge to Johnson’s nominating petitions. Plaintiffs first challenged the legal sufficiency of 151 of the 166 signatures on the nominating petitions. The complaint separated the challenged signatures into four separate groups, alleging that the signatures in each respective group were invalid because the individuals (1) were registered Republicans, (2) were not registered to vote, (3) were registered in another magistrate district, or (4) were not listed as Democrats or Republicans. In several instances, a particular signature was included in more than one of the four groups, and it was challenged on multiple grounds. Although the complaint represented that the challenge to the signatures was based on a diligent search of all Democratic party voter registration records in San Juan County that was conducted from March 15, 2010 through March 19, 2010, the complaint did not indicate who conducted the search of the voter registration records.

{5} Plaintiffs then focused on the lack of a statement in the nominating petitions indicating that Johnson was seeking the Division 4 magistrate judge position. The complaint sought to invalidate the nominating petitions as a whole, irrespective of the validity of the individual signatures, contending that nominating petitions must state the specific office, including division, the candidate is seeking.

{6} Although by rule and statute a hearing and decision on a complaint challenging nominating petitions must occur within ten days of the filing of the complaint, see Rule 1-096(H); NMSA 1978, § l-8-35(A) (1993), Plaintiffs did not file a request for an expedited hearing when they filed their complaint, nor did they obtain a setting within the ten-day time limit. Eleven days later, on April 2, 2010, all of the San Juan County district judges in the eleventh judicial district recused from the case, the matter was immediately reassigned to a McKinley County district judge in the eleventh judicial district, and the district court filed a notice of hearing. The notice of hearing scheduled the trial for six days later on April 8, 2010 at 1:30 p.m., which was well beyond the ten-day deadline for hearing and decision. The same day that the notice of hearing was filed, Johnson filed a pro se motion to dismiss Plaintiffs’ complaint because (1) the ten-day deadline had expired, (2) Johnson alleged that he was not properly served with a copy of the complaint, and (3) the complaint did not correctly state Johnson’s first name.

{7} On the day of trial, Johnson was not present when the hearing commenced. The district judge stated on the record that he would adjourn the hearing for ten minutes to see whether Johnson would appear. Eight minutes later the hearing reconvened, and the judge stated on the record that Johnson had called to notify the court that he would be twenty to thirty minutes late for the hearing. The judge stated that he would not wait for Johnson to arrive, proceeded to deny Johnson’s motion to dismiss, and then asked Plaintiffs’ counsel to present evidence in support of their complaint.

{8} Plaintiffs then called the San Juan County Clerk, who testified summarily that Johnson’s nominating petitions only had eighteen valid signatures, which consisted of fifteen signatures that Plaintiffs had not challenged in their complaint and three signatures that Plaintiffs did challenge. Although the county clerk’s testimony implicitly supported Plaintiffs’ challenge to 148 of the 151 signatures attacked in the complaint, her testimony neither discussed each signature individually nor explained why she concluded that 148 signatures were invalid. Plaintiffs’ counsel offered to go through each signature, but the court declined the offer and stated it would grant Plaintiffs’ request for relief because (1) Johnson did not have a sufficient number of valid signatures, and (2) his nominating petitions did not designate the Division 4 magistrate judge position.

{9} At that point, the hearing concluded in Johnson’s absence less than fifteen minutes after it began. A formal written order memorializing the court’s decision was filed four days later, and Johnson appealed directly to this Court in accordance with Rule 12-603 NMRA.

DISCUSSION

{10} As noted above, because Johnson was late for the hearing, the district court denied his motion to dismiss Plaintiffs’ complaint and proceeded to rule in favor of Plaintiffs through a summary proceeding, which lacked explicit testimony concerning the basis of Plaintiffs’ 148 challenges, conducted in Johnson’s absence. While Johnson’s failure to appear on time for trial was indefensible, we must keep in mind that it was not just his interests that were at stake, but also the right of the citizens to nominate and vote for the candidate of their choice. See Gunaji v.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2010 NMSC 024, 233 P.3d 775, 148 N.M. 246, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/charley-v-johnson-nm-2010.