Chance v. Scroggins

588 P.2d 479, 3 Kan. App. 2d 11, 1978 Kan. App. LEXIS 237
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kansas
DecidedDecember 22, 1978
DocketNo. 49,550
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 588 P.2d 479 (Chance v. Scroggins) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Chance v. Scroggins, 588 P.2d 479, 3 Kan. App. 2d 11, 1978 Kan. App. LEXIS 237 (kanctapp 1978).

Opinion

Rees, J.:

The defendant appeals from a judgment entered on a jury verdict against her. Plaintiff was awarded damages for personal injuries sustained when struck by defendant’s car. We affirm.

At the time of the accident on June 25, 1974, plaintiff was employed by SCA Services, Inc., which was under contract with the city of Leawood to collect trash. Plaintiff was struck by defendant’s car as he proceeded afoot from behind a stopped trash truck to collect trash bags on the side of the street opposite that where the truck was stopped. The truck was facing east. Plaintiff was traveling west. Plaintiff testified he looked around the back end of the truck and to the east; he saw nothing; and his view was somewhat obstructed because the truck was located on a curve in the street. Defendant testified she was driving at twenty-five miles per hour and started slowing when she saw the truck stopped ahead of her. Nevertheless, plaintiff and defendant’s car collided as plaintiff moved from behind the truck to cross the street.

Defendant’s first contention on appeal is that plaintiff was guilty of contributory negligence as a matter of law and that the trial court erred in overruling her related motions for directed verdict and judgment. We have reviewed the evidence. Plaintiff’s contributory negligence was a jury question. All witnesses who testified as to the physical features in the area of the accident described a curve in the street at and to the east of the truck. There is no conclusive evidence establishing the uninterrupted [12]*12eastward distance from the truck within which plaintiff could see approaching vehicles. Whether plaintiff’s conduct under the existing circumstances was that of reasonable care was a jury question. Only when it can be said that reasonable men could reach but one conclusion from the evidence can the issue of contributory negligence be decided as a matter of law. Simpson v. Davis, 219 Kan. 584, 588, 549 P.2d 950 (1976).

It is next contended that the trial court erred in refusing to give the instruction concerning the duty of a pedestrian to remain in a safe place found at PIK Civ. 8.36(c) (1975 Supp.) and PIK Civ. 2d 8.36(c) (1978):

“The laws of Kansas provide that no pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.” (Emphasis supplied.)

Defendant may not object to the refusal to give this instruction because it was not requested in writing as required by K.S.A. 60-251(a). Further, the quoted pattern instruction is a statement of K.S.A. 8-1533(¿>) (Weeks), a statute not in effect at the time of the accident. The predecessor statute then in effect was K.S.A. 8-556(c) (Corrick, 1973 Supp.), which read:

“No pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close that it is impossible for the driver to yield.” (Emphasis supplied.)

Although it may be contended the variance is of no great magnitude, the fact remains that the requested instruction was not a correct instruction of the then existing statutory law.

The third, last and most substantial argument on appeal is defendant’s claim that Instruction No. 9 was erroneous. That instruction was as follows:

“You are instructed that it is the duty of an ordinary traveler on a highway to keep a lookout for approaching vehicles; but where a person’s work requires his presence in the street, the relationship is different, and such workman is not required to keep the same lookout as the traveler. Such workman has a right to assume that the customary warnings and precautions will be given. Such workman shall keep such lookout for vehicles as an ordinarily careful man similarly situated would keep.”

The trash truck in which plaintiff was riding on the day of the accident was a bright red, two-ton Chevrolet equipped with four yellow flashing lights on each corner of the truck. The lights were flashing at the time of the accident.

[13]*13K.S.A. 8-1531(o) (Weeks) states:

“The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any authorized vehicle or pedestrian actually engaged in work upon a highway within any highway construction or maintenance area indicated by official traffic-control devices.”

Defendant objected to Instruction No. 9 at trial on the ground plaintiff was not a “workman” as contemplated by K.S.A. 8-1531(c) (Weeks) but simply was a pedestrian as statutorily defined by K.S.A. 8-1446 (Weeks), i.e., “ ‘pedestrian’ means any person afoot.” The same point is raised on appeal. Defendant argues Instruction No. 9 misled the jury by allowing it to consider the case as if plaintiff was not required to keep the same degree of lookout as the ordinary pedestrian.

Again defendant relies upon statutes not in effect on the accident date. The applicable statutory definition of a pedestrian was the same but it was contained in K.S.A. 8-501 (Corrick, 1973 Supp.). Of greater importance, however, is the fact that it appears there was no statute in effect on the accident date that was the predecessor of or comparable to K.S.A. 8-1531(c) (Weeks).

We pause to note that in her brief defendant completes her totally erroneous citation of statutes by referring to the duty of a pedestrian to yield the right of way to vehicles that appears at K.S.A. 8-1537(d) (Weeks). That statute was not in effect on the accident date and we find no predecessor or comparable statute then in effect.

We find no reversible error in the challenged instruction although it may have been better worded and phrased. Plaintiff’s work required him to be in the streets of Leawood. The trash truck was equipped with flashing yellow lights as a warning to oncoming drivers. Although a workman in the street, whether or not he is engaged in street construction or maintenance, cannot utterly disregard his own safety, we conclude his duty of care is not the same as that of an ordinary pedestrian crossing the street who has no work related demand on his attention. By working in close proximity to the trash truck with flashers going, plaintiff could assume oncoming drivers would be warned of his presence. See generally 7 Am. Jur. 2d, Automobiles and Highway Traffic § 385, pp. 935-937. Plaintiff’s lookout duty was that of a reasonable person under the existing circumstances. Simply put, the plaintiff’s lookout duty was that to be found by the jury to be owed by a reasonably careful trashman working in the vicinity of [14]

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
588 P.2d 479, 3 Kan. App. 2d 11, 1978 Kan. App. LEXIS 237, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/chance-v-scroggins-kanctapp-1978.