Centel Cellular Co. v. Light

899 S.W.2d 343, 1995 Tex. App. LEXIS 974, 1995 WL 246159
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedApril 27, 1995
DocketNo. 12-91-00009-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 899 S.W.2d 343 (Centel Cellular Co. v. Light) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Centel Cellular Co. v. Light, 899 S.W.2d 343, 1995 Tex. App. LEXIS 974, 1995 WL 246159 (Tex. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

Opinion on Remand

HOLCOMB, Justice.

The dispute in this case arises from a covenant not to compete contained in an employment contract. Appellee, Debbie Light, (“Light”) sued Appellant, Centel Cellular Company of Texas (“Centel”), successor in interest to United TeleSpectrum, Inc., alleging that the covenant not to compete which she had signed was unenforceable as an illegal restraint of trade. Light also sought damages from Centel for its interference with her attempts to obtain employment from other prospective employers. Both parties moved for summary judgment. The court denied Centel’s motion, but granted a partial summary judgment in favor of Light, and held that Centel’s covenant not to compete was unenforceable because it “was not ancillary to an otherwise valid transaction or relationship.” The issue of tortious interference was heard by a jury. The jury held [344]*344that Centel had tortiously interfered with Light’s ability to secure employment and awarded her damages in the amount of $22,-500.00 and $11,250.00 attorneys fees. The trial court entered judgment in favor of Light; however, it disregarded the jury’s award to Light for $11,250.00 in attorneys fees.

Appealing on ten points of error, Centel complained that the court erred when it granted Light a partial summary judgment and held that its non-competition agreement with Light was unenforceable. Centel’s second point complained that the court erred when it denied its motion for summary judgment. In its fifth point, Centel challenged the legal sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding that Centel was not justified in asserting its rights under the non-competition agreement. Reviewing the covenant not to compete under the guidelines in DeSantis v. Wackenhut Corp., 793 S.W.2d 670, 682 (Tex.1990), this Court sustained Centel’s first and fifth points, overruled Cen-tel’s second point, and reversed and rendered a take-nothing judgment in favor of Centel. See Centel Cellular Co. of Texas v. Light, 841 S.W.2d 95, 100-01 (Tex.App.—Tyler 1992). In doing so, we held that the covenant not to compete was ancillary to an otherwise enforceable written employment agreement between the parties and that Light was not entitled to recover any damages for an enforceable agreement. See Id.

Light appealed our decision to the Texas Supreme Court. The Supreme Court relied upon Sections 15.50 and 15.51 of the Texas Business & Commerce Code, which is known as the Covenant Not to Compete Act, and applied it to the facts of this case retroactively. The Supreme Court held that Light’s non-competition agreement was unenforceable and reversed our decision. See Tex.Bus. & Com.Code Ann. §§ 15.50-52 (Vernon Supp. 1994); Light v. Centel Cellular Co. of Texas, 888 S.W.2d 642 (1994). Consequently, the Court remanded the cause for us to consider Centel’s remaining points of error that we had not previously addressed. We will reverse and render.

The evidence presented at trial revealed that Light was hired by Centel in 1985 to sell paging devices because of her experience in sales and communication. As a result of her previous success in the field, Light brought to Centel an established customer base. In 1986 and 1987 Light was a top sales producer for Centel and was promised a promotion as sales manager. In late 1987, Centel was granted a license by the Federal Communications Commission to sell cellular mobile communication products in the Longview, Tyler, and Marshall area. At this time Cen-tel entered into an employment agreement with Light that also included a non-competition clause. Centel explained the provision and its ramifications to Light and Light agreed to sign the contract.

At the end of 1987, Centel hired Laquita Allen as sales manager and the supervisor of Light. Shortly thereafter, Light’s performance reviews and sales dropped significantly. As a result, Light resigned her position with Centel in May of 1988. Allen asked Light to reconsider her decision, but Light quit anyway. Light requested that Centel give her a favorable recommendation to prospective employers. Before and after Light resigned, she asked Centel to release her from the non-competition agreement so that she could obtain employment in the telecommunications field. Assuming that it was operating within a valid non-competition agreement, Centel repeatedly refused to release her, but it did give her a favorable reference to the Better Business Bureau, which resulted in Light’s employment for a period of months.

Subsequently, Light was offered three job opportunities to sell cellular phones for agents of Centel. All of these employers were in the business of selling mobile telecommunication products. Light testified that she did not accept the jobs because of her concern that Centel would take legal action against her for violating the agreement she had signed with Centel. Centel did not contact any of the prospective employers of Light, but one of the employers contacted Centel on behalf of Light to ask if Centel would give her permission to work for them. Centel did not return the employer’s phone call and did not otherwise respond to the employer’s request. Approximately four and [345]*345one-half months after Light resigned, Light’s attorney sent a letter to Centel asking that Light be released from the non-competition agreement. Light’s attorney received a written response from Centel stating that it had no intention of releasing Light from the agreement.

In seven points, Centel contends that there was no evidence to support the jury’s finding that Centel acted maliciously and prevented Light from obtaining employment with a prospective employer. Centel also argues that it was justified in refusing to release Light from her contract, because it only exercised its rights under the non-competition agreement. We agree.

When reviewing a “no evidence” point of error, we must consider only the evidence and reasonable inferences drawn therefrom which, when viewed in their most favorable light, support the jury’s findings, and we must disregard all evidence and inferences to the contrary. Lewelling v. Lewelling, 796 S.W.2d 164, 166 (Tex.1990). We must overrule the point of error if there is any evidence of probative force to support the finding. Id. The elements that Light had the burden to prove to support a claim against Centel for tortious interference with a prospective contract are:

1. a “reasonable probability” that Light would have entered into a contractual relationship;
2. that Centel acted maliciously by intentionally preventing the relationship from occurring with the purpose of harming Light;
3. that Centel was not privileged or justified in its actions; and
4. that Light was harmed or damaged as a result of the interference.

DeSantis v. Wackenhut Corp., 793 S.W.2d 670, 681-82 (Tex.1990). For Light to successfully prove that Centel interfered with a prospective contract of employment, she had to prove that Centel did so intentionally and maliciously for the purpose of harming her.

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899 S.W.2d 343, 1995 Tex. App. LEXIS 974, 1995 WL 246159, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/centel-cellular-co-v-light-texapp-1995.