Caton v. State

205 So. 2d 239, 281 Ala. 486, 1967 Ala. LEXIS 992
CourtSupreme Court of Alabama
DecidedNovember 9, 1967
Docket6 Div. 425, 425-A
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 205 So. 2d 239 (Caton v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Caton v. State, 205 So. 2d 239, 281 Ala. 486, 1967 Ala. LEXIS 992 (Ala. 1967).

Opinions

COLEMAN, Justice.

Defendant was convicted for burglary in one case and for unlawful possession of drugs in another. His sentence was two years’ imprisonment in each case. He appealed to the Court of Appeals where the convictions were affirmed. He applied to the Supreme Court for certiorari and we granted the writ.

We are of opinion that two grounds of the petition for certiorari based on denial of constitutional rights have merit, to wit:

1. That the trial court erred when it refused to appoint counsel to represent defendant on appeal; and

2. That the trial court erred “when it refused to furnish petitioner a copy of the trial record in order that he might perfect his own appeal after it had refused to appoint counsel to prepare the appeal.”

On arraignment in each case, the trial court determined that defendant was without counsel and unable to employ counsel. The court appointed an attorney to represent defendant on the burglary indictment and a different attorney to represent defendant on the other indictment. Defendant pleaded not guilty to each indictment and both cases were set for trial March 21, 1966. ■

[488]*488On April 13, 1966, defendant and both attorneys came before the court, and defendant withdrew his pleas of not guilty, pleaded guilty, and was adjudged guilty and sentenced in each case.

A substantially identical judgment entry in each case, dated May 10, 1966, recites that the defendant filed written notice of appeal on April 19, 1966, and attached thereto an affidavit in forma pauperis “ . requesting an attorney to represent him on said appeal. No request for stay of sentence has been filed. It is therefore considered, ordered and adjudged by the Court that the Court has no jurisdiction to fix bond or appoint counsel under Title 15, Section 368 of the 1940 Code of Alabama. It is further ordered by the Court that the Clerk prepare a transcript under the provisions of Title 15 Section 379 of the 1940 Code of Alabama and that defendant’s request for appointment of counsel is hereby denied.”

No question is presented with respect to fixing bond and we do not consider any such question.

The clerk did prepare and send to the Court of Appeals a transcript of the proceedings as required by § 379 of Title 15, and, for aught that appears, the clerk performed all the duty imposed on him by § 379. Defendant’s complaint is that he was not provided with a copy of the record “ . . . .in order that he might perfect his own appeal after it (the trial court) had refused to appoint counsel to prepare the appeal.” We discuss hereinafter the copy of the transcript not furnished to defendant.

There is no testimony in the record and, for aught that appears, no testimony was taken in the trial court. On such a record, the only question presented for review is the regularity of the proceedings in the trial court. Harper v. State, 264 Ala. 510, 88 So.2d 788; Goins v. State, 267 Ala. 443, 103 So.2d 184.

The record indicates that defendant is without financial means to employ counsel and that the court so found. Within six days after sentence, defendant filed written notice of appeal and request for appointment of counsel. This request for counsel was denied for the reason that “No request for stay of sentence has been filed.”

§ 368, Title 15, recites:

“Appeals in criminal cases must be taken at the time of sentence or confession of judgment, or within six months thereafter in manner following: (a) An entry of record that defendant appeals from the judgment with or without suspension of judgment, as he may elect, to be taken at the time of judgment rendered; or, (b) The filing of a written statement signed by the defendant or his attorney that defendant appeals from the judgment, the statement to be filed within six months; provided, however, that the trial court shall retain jurisdiction of the cause for the purpose of hearing and determining a motion for a new trial, seasonably made, and any appeal from a judgment of conviction shall also raise the question of the correctness of the court’s ruling on a motion for a new trial made within the time allowed, and in the manner prescribed by law.”

Section 4 of Act No. 526, approved September 16, 1963, Acts of 1963, page 1136 [1958 Recompilation of Code, 1965 Pocket Parts, Title 15, § 318(4)] recites:

“Section 4. In all criminal cases wherein a defendant has been convicted of a serious offense in which an appeal lies directly to the supreme court or court of appeals, and if said defendant expresses his desire to appeal said conviction, the court shall cause to' be entered upon its minutes a recital of notice of appeal. The court shall then ascertain and make findings in reference to the appeal concerning those items listed as 1, 2, and 3 in section 318(1) of this act.
[489]*489“If it appears that defendant desires to appeal and is unable financially or otherwise to obtain the assistance of counsel on appeal and defendant expresses the desire for assistance of counsel the trial court shall appoint counsel to represent and assist defendant on appeal. The presiding judge of the court to which the appeal is taken shall have authority to appoint counsel in the event the trial court fails to appoint, and in the event it becomes necessary to further provide for counsel. It shall be the duty of such counsel as an officer of the court and as a member of the bar to represent and assist said defendant in the appeal.”

Under subdivision (b) of § 368, Title 15, quoted above, a defendant may, within six months after the time of sentence, take an appeal from the judgment by “The filing of a written statement signed by the defendant .... that defendant appeals from the judgment . . . .’’In the instant case, defendant filed such written notice within six days after the day of the judgment.

We are not aware of any reason why a defendant, who does not ask for suspension of judgment at the time of sentence, may not, if he possesses financial means, employ counsel to represent defendant on the appeal. Neither have we been advised why a defendant, who has not asked suspension of judgment, is not entitled to appointment of counsel as provided by Section 4 of Act No. 526 [§ 318(4), Title 15, 1958 Recompilation], supra. The declared purpose of the act is to provide counsel for indigent defendants. This court has said:

“We think it is a matter of common knowledge that Act No. 526, approved September 16, 1963, was enacted by the Legislature to enable the courts of this state to comply with recent decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States which relate to the trial of indigent defendants, among which are Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 83 S.Ct. 792, 9 L.Ed.2d 799, 93 A.L.R.2d 733, and Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S.Ct. 814, 9 L.Ed.2d 811, both decided on March 18, 1963.” Martin v. State, 277 Ala. 153, 155, 167 So.2d 912.

In Douglas v. State of California, supra, the court considered the California system of appointing counsel for indigents on their first appeal.

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Related

Echols v. State
249 So. 2d 639 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Alabama, 1971)
Johnson v. State
207 So. 2d 662 (Supreme Court of Alabama, 1968)
Caton v. State
205 So. 2d 239 (Alabama Court of Appeals, 1966)

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Bluebook (online)
205 So. 2d 239, 281 Ala. 486, 1967 Ala. LEXIS 992, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/caton-v-state-ala-1967.