Castellano v. State

70 A.D.2d 1033, 418 N.Y.S.2d 177, 1979 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12667
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedJune 21, 1979
DocketClaim No. 54477
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 70 A.D.2d 1033 (Castellano v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Castellano v. State, 70 A.D.2d 1033, 418 N.Y.S.2d 177, 1979 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12667 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1979).

Opinion

— Cross appeals from a judgment, entered August 10, 1978, upon a decision of the Court of Claims, which awarded the Castellanos the total proceeds of a condemnation award for premises subject to a lease. This proceeding results from a 1970 appropriation of real property owned by the claimants Castellanos and leased to Yonkers Realty Associates. The matter was previously before this court (Castellano v State of New York, 52 AD2d 1014), at which time we affirmed the amount of damages awarded by the Court of Claims, and its apportion[1034]*1034ment of the award as between the Castellanos and the lessee. The Court of Appeals found that inasmuch as it appeared that the Court of Claims had erroneously limited its powers and apparently not fully considered proof offered by the Castellanos as to contractual (lease) apportionment of condemnation awards, the matter should be remitted to the Court of Claims for consideration of the agreement between the lessee and the Castellanos de novo (Castellano v State of New York, 43 NY2d 909). Reference should be had to the prior decisions for the facts and issues herein. The purpose of the remittal was described as follows: "To focus on this issue [intent of the parties], the case should be remitted for further proceedings so that such proof may be considered in the context of a trial at which the court recognizes that it may determine that the parties intended to use the word 'Lessee’ in the relevant portion of clause (d) of paragraph 12. The court may thus explore all that may be offered to show what is the proper interpretation of clause (d) of paragraph 12 and how it might relate to the other provisions of the lease.” Upon remittal, the Court of Claims has found that the Castellanos were entitled to the entire award less any damages attributable to the building improvement. The dispositive issue upon this appeal is whether or not that interpretation of the lease is in accordance with the evidence. (See paragraph 12 of the lease appended hereto.) Initially, it should be noted that the contention of the Castellanos that the decision of the Court of Appeals determined the weight of the evidence in their favor is not acceptable. The Court of Appeals decision does not appear to do any more than to indicate that the Castellanos had adduced sufficient evidence in the record then before the court to create a question of fact and, indeed, it expressly reopened that issue solely to afford a judicial determination without any erroneous view of the law acting to bias the factual issues (cf. Flores v E. W. Bliss Co., 18 AD2d 1058, 1059, affd 14 NY2d 708). The decision of the Court of Claims recites without additional proof that it has considered the evidence, but is less than illuminating as to the findings which led to its conclusion that, pursuant to the lease, the Castellanos are entitled to the entire award less certain items. The court referred to paragraphs 12(b) and 12(c) of the lease as support for its conclusion. Paragraph 12(b) of the lease refers to a condemnation of less than the whole property as was the case herein. It gives the lessee the option to surrender the premises and be released from all further responsibilities if the premises are deemed insufficient for business operations. Alternatively, it gives the lessee the option to continue in possession and receive a pro rata reduction in rent subject to certain obligations of expending awards by both the lessee and the Castellanos. The lessee did exercise its option to receive a pro rata reduction in rent and it appears the Court of Claims has found that such option constituted liquidated damages, and, accordingly, it did not deduct the value of the leasehold from the award to the Castellanos. However, the court overlooks the fact that we are not concerned with the settlement of the leasehold rights of the Castellanos vis-á-vis the lessee, but solely with their interests as expressed in the lease which, to the extent it so provides, will control the division of the condemnation damages or award (Castellano v State of New York, 43 NY2d 909, 912, supra). Paragraph 12(b) does no more than settle the future leasehold rights and liabilities of the Castellanos and the lessee and has no direct bearing on the right of the Castellanos to damages. Indirectly, the language of paragraph 12(b) reflects a recognition that to some extent the Castellanos could receive an award attributed to the buildings although in paragraph 12(c) it was "expressly agreed” that the lessee would receive any award for buildings except for depreciation of 1% [1035]*1035per year commencing with the third year of the leasehold. Paragraph 12(b) does not support the conclusion that the parties intended that the Castellanos would receive any of the award which reflected leasehold value. The determination of the Court of Claims that it created a right in Castellanos to claim any award for the leasehold is erroneous. Paragraph 12(c) expressly grants the value of buildings and the lessee’s interest in the leasehold to the lessee, subject to the requirement that such value be reduced by 1% per year commencing with the third year of the lease. Pursuant to paragraph 12(c), the lessor does acquire a potential interest in any award for the leasehold interest when the lease has been in effect for more than two years prior to condemnation. However, paragraph 12(c) does not expressly recite that such depreciation value shall be awarded to the Castellanos. Under such circumstances, the otherwise ambiguous reference to a "lessors” interest in the value of a leasehold in paragraph 12(d) is clarified since it appears that the Castellanos do have such an interest. It does not appear that the Court of Claims in the present decision made any findings on credibility which would support its decision and we do not find any such issue which would support a claim that the parties intended to assign the value of the lessee’s leasehold interest to the Castellanos. It is, therefore, within the power of the court to grant the judgment which upon the evidence should have been granted by the trial court (Spano v Perini Corp., 25 NY2d 11; McCarthy v Port of N. Y. Auth., 30 AD2d 111). Accordingly, we confirm the finding of Judge Donaldson and her original award except that the lease agreement quite clearly mandates that the Castellanos receive 9% of the leasehold interest and the original award must be so amended with interest calculated as per the decision and judgment appealed from. Accordingly, we find that the claimants are entitled to the sum of $16,675 as originally awarded by Judge Donaldson, together with the sum of $14,868 (rounded and equalling $165,204 times 9%) for a total of $31,543. Judgment modified, on the facts, by reducing the award to the sum of $31,543, together with appropriate interest as determined therein, and, as so modified, afiirmed, without costs. Greenblott, J. P., Staley, Jr., Main, Mikoll and Herlihy, JJ., concur.

APPENDIX

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Indiana Grocery Co. v. Crosby Properties Co.
578 N.E.2d 780 (Indiana Court of Appeals, 1991)
Castellano v. State
404 N.E.2d 1337 (New York Court of Appeals, 1980)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
70 A.D.2d 1033, 418 N.Y.S.2d 177, 1979 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12667, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/castellano-v-state-nyappdiv-1979.