Castaneda v. REDLANDS CHRISTIAN MIGRANT

884 So. 2d 1087, 2004 WL 2347598
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedOctober 20, 2004
Docket4D03-2309
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 884 So. 2d 1087 (Castaneda v. REDLANDS CHRISTIAN MIGRANT) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Castaneda v. REDLANDS CHRISTIAN MIGRANT, 884 So. 2d 1087, 2004 WL 2347598 (Fla. Ct. App. 2004).

Opinion

884 So.2d 1087 (2004)

Jose R. CASTANEDA, a minor, through his natural parent and next friend, Ana CARDONA, and Ana Cardona, individually, Appellants,
v.
REDLANDS CHRISTIAN MIGRANT ASSOCIATION, INC., a Florida corporation, Appellee.

No. 4D03-2309.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

October 20, 2004.

*1089 Jose G. Rodriguez, P.A. and Diran V. Seropian of Edna L. Caruso, P.A., West Palm Beach, for appellants.

Barbi Feldman Meyer of Law Office of Bohdan Neswiacheny, for appellee.

WARNER, J.

A minor, Jose Castaneda, was injured in a fall from playground equipment at a daycare center. His mother sued the daycare center for his personal injuries. At trial, the court refused to permit the plaintiff to read excerpts of the depositions of employees of the daycare center, which were presented as admissions, instead requiring the plaintiff to prove unavailability of the witnesses. We hold that Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.330(a)(1) permits the use of a deposition at trial as an admission regardless of the availability of the witness for trial. We therefore reverse for a new trial.

Jose Castaneda was three years old when he fell off playground equipment at Redlands Christian Migrant Association's Delray Beach childcare center and broke his left arm. Apparently, he was playing on the platform attached to a horizontal ladder and was instructed by a teacher that he was not permitted to play there. He ignored the teacher's instruction and continued playing on the platform before jumping or falling off and injuring his arm. Through his mother, Ana Cardona, Castaneda sued Redlands for negligence. Specifically, he alleged Redlands failed to adequately supervise the children under its care; failed to adequately train the teachers watching the children; failed to maintain an adequate teacher to student ratio; failed to warn of dangerous or inappropriate activities; negligently selected, installed, and maintained playground equipment; and negligently hired employees. Redlands denied any negligence.

Castaneda's attorney took depositions of the Redlands employees who were present at the daycare center on the date of the accident. At trial and prior to the presentation of testimony, he informed the court that he would read excerpts of their depositions instead of calling the employees as witnesses. Redlands objected on the ground that Castaneda failed to lay a predicate that the witnesses were unavailable to testify, as required by Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.330(a)(3). Castaneda maintained that he was entitled pursuant to Rule 1.330(a)(1), to introduce the deposition testimony instead of live testimony pursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.330(a)(1). The trial court rejected Castaneda's reading of Rule 1.330(a)(1), concluding that it preferred live testimony and the depositions could be used only if Castaneda could prove that the witnesses were unavailable to testify. All of the witnesses were still employees of Redlands.

After presentation of the evidence, the jury returned a verdict for Redlands. Castaneda moved for a new trial alleging, inter alia, that the court erred in refusing to permit him to use the employee depositions. The court denied the motion, prompting this appeal.

*1090 While the standard of review for admissibility of evidence is abuse of discretion, a trial court's discretion is limited by the rules and statutes governing the admission. See Nardone v. State, 798 So.2d 870, 874 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001).

Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.330 states in pertinent part:

(a) Use of Depositions. At the trial or upon the hearing of a motion or an interlocutory proceeding, any part or all of a deposition may be used against any party who was present or represented at the taking of the deposition or who had reasonable notice of it so far as admissible under the rules of evidence applied as though the witness were then present and testifying in accordance with any of the following provisions:
(1) Any deposition may be used by any party for the purpose of contradicting or impeaching the testimony of the deponent as a witness or for any purpose permitted by the Florida Evidence Code.
...
(3) The deposition of a witness, whether or not a party, may be used by any party for any purpose if the court finds: (A) that the witness is dead; (B) that the witness is at a greater distance than 100 miles from the place of trial or hearing, or is out of the state, unless it appears that the absence of the witness was procured by the party offering the deposition; (C) that the witness is unable to attend or testify because of age, illness, infirmity, or imprisonment; (D) that the party offering the deposition has been unable to procure the attendance of the witness by subpoena; (E) upon application and notice, that such exceptional circumstances exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard to the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally in open court, to allow the deposition to be used; or (F) the witness is an expert or skilled witness.

(Emphasis added). Section (a) permits the use of a deposition as though the witness was present and testifying, in four different circumstances. Castaneda relies on section (a)(1), which allows the use of any deposition for impeachment "or for any purpose permitted by the FloridaEvidence Code." The underlined portion of this section was added in 1998, upon the recommendation of the Civil Procedure Rules Committee of The Florida Bar. See In re Amendments to Fla. Rules of Civil Procedure, 718 So.2d 795 (Fla.1998). The Committee notes for this amendment state:

Subdivision (a)(1) was amended to clarify that, in addition to the uses of depositions prescribed by these rules, depositions may be used for any purpose permitted by the Florida Evidence Code (chapter 90, Fla. Stat.). This amendment is consistent with the 1980 amendment to Rule 32 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

Id. at 798. Section 90.803, Florida Statutes (2002), states in pertinent part:

The provision of s. 90.802 to the contrary notwithstanding, the following are not inadmissible as evidence, even though the declarant is available as a witness:
...
(18) Admissions. — A statement that is offered against a party and is:
...
(d) A statement by the party's agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of the agency or employment thereof, made during the existence of the relationship....

(Emphasis added). Because Castaneda was offering excerpts of the deposition testimony against Redlands as admissions, *1091 they were permitted by the Florida Evidence Code and thus admissible regardless of availability of the witnesses.

Statements of employees within the scope of their employment and during its existence are admissible in Florida:

Florida courts have consistently admitted into evidence statements by employees concerning matters arising from the course of their employment under the doctrine of admissions.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
884 So. 2d 1087, 2004 WL 2347598, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/castaneda-v-redlands-christian-migrant-fladistctapp-2004.