Carlisle v. Broe

787 S.E.2d 340, 337 Ga. App. 408, 2016 WL 3223412, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 342
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedJune 10, 2016
DocketA16A0647
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 787 S.E.2d 340 (Carlisle v. Broe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Carlisle v. Broe, 787 S.E.2d 340, 337 Ga. App. 408, 2016 WL 3223412, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 342 (Ga. Ct. App. 2016).

Opinion

MERCIER, Judge.

John Carlisle appeals the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of Mark Broe and its denial of Carlisle’s motion for summary judgment, based on its finding that Carlisle is liable for wrongful eviction and trespass. We agree, and vacate.

“A de novo standard of review applies to an appeal from a grant of summary judgment, and we view the evidence, and all reasonable conclusions and inferences drawn from it, in the light most favorable [409]*409to the nonmovant.” Matjoulis v. Integon Gen. Ins. Corp., 226 Ga. App. 459, 459 (1) (486 SE2d 684) (1997) (citation omitted). Further, “summary judgment is appropriate when the moving party can show that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Albertson v. City of Jesup, 312 Ga. App. 246, 248 (718 SE2d 4) (2011) (punctuation and footnote omitted).

Viewed in this light, the evidence shows that this case arises out of a dispute over a commercial lease agreement (the “Lease”) entered into in September 2011. Under the Lease, premises located in Griffin, Georgia (the “Premises”) were leased to The Crafty Yank, Inc. (the “Tenant”) by Carlisle. Broe, The Crafty Yank’s CEO, personally guaranteed the Tenant’s performance of the Lease. Carlisle claims the Tenant began violating the Lease in numerous ways shortly after the business began operation under the Lease. Carlisle alleges the Tenant violated state and local laws, as well as permitted customers to vandalize the Premises, interfered with other tenants’ use and enjoyment of the Premises, and failed to pay for work performed on the Premises that resulted in a lien being filed on the title of the Premises.

On January 5, 2013, Carlisle took possession and control of the Premises and secured all the personal property within. In an e-mail to the Tenant, Carlisle claimed he was seizing the Premises due to Tenant’s violations of paragraphs 18 and 19 of the Lease. Carlisle contended that paragraph 27 of the Lease authorized him to reenter and take possession of the Premises, and Paragraph 24 authorized him to secure all personal property on the Premises. He gave the Tenant five days to become compliant with the Lease or the Lease would be terminated. Broe, who acted as the agent for the Tenant, sent Carlisle correspondence on January 10, 2013, through his attorney, indicating the Tenant’s desire to terminate the Lease.

On February 8, 2013, Carlisle brought the underlying action against Broe, as guarantor, seeking payment of outstanding rent, late fees, and the cost of repairs to the Premises. Broe filed an answer and counterclaim that included claims for declaratory judgment, wrongful eviction, trespass, conversion, breach of contract, punitive damages, and attorney fees. On September 22, 2014, Broe filed a motion for partial summary judgment on his claims for declaratory judgment, wrongful eviction, trespass, and conversion, arguing that the Lease was invalid and thus the Tenant was not subject to the terms of the Lease. Carlisle filed his own motion for summary judgment on February 13, 2015, contending that Broe’s claims for wrongful eviction and trespass should be dismissed as a matter of law.

[410]*410The trial court entered an order on the cross-claims for summary judgment on July 17, 2015. This order consolidated the trial court’s rulings on pending motions in this and several other related cases. With respect to the motions for summary judgment relevant to this case, the trial court denied Carlisle’s motion for summary judgment as to Broe’s claims for wrongful eviction and trespass, and awarded summary judgment to Broe, finding Carlisle liable for wrongful eviction and trespass, Broe’s conversion claim was withdrawn. This appeal followed.

In his sole enumeration of error, Carlisle argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion for summary judgment and in granting Broe’s motion for summary judgment, based on its finding Carlisle liable for wrongful eviction and trespass. Because there remains a genuine issue of material fact as to whether Carlisle had authority to reenter the Premises, we must vacate the judgment of the trial court.

The first issue that must be decided is whether the Lease authorized Carlisle to reenter the Premises. We hold that paragraph 24 of the Lease did authorize reentry if the Tenant violated its terms.

When a contract is at issue, the court first determines whether the language of the agreement is ambiguous. The language is ambiguous if it is susceptible to more than one meaning. If the language is clear and unambiguous, contract construction is not necessary, and the agreement will be enforced according to its clear and unambiguous terms.

Azzouz v. Prime Pediatrics, 296 Ga. App. 602, 604 (I) (a) (675 SE2d 314) (2009) (citations omitted). Here, paragraph 24 of the lease states, unambiguously:

If and whenever the Tenant is in default in payment of any money, whether hereby expressly reserved or deemed as rent, or any part of the rent, the Landlord may, without notice or any form of legal process, enter upon the Premises and seize, remove and sell the Tenant’s goods, chattels and equipment from the Premises.

While Carlisle’s original communication to Broe cited paragraph 27 of the Lease as justification for reentry, he later asserted that he was entitled to reenter the Premises under paragraph 24 of the Lease.1

[411]*411As a right of reentry did exist under paragraph 24 of the Lease, we must next determine whether the Tenant was in violation of paragraph 24. Carlisle contends that the Tenant was in default on payment of late fees for the month of October 2012, and therefore he had a right to reenter the Premises. Broe argues that the Tenant was not in default, and so Carlisle had no right of reentry. We find that a genuine issue of material fact exists as to whether the Tenant was in default, and so summary judgment was premature.

The Lease requires the Tenant to pay the rent on or before the first day of each month, and to pay a late fee of $25 per day for each day the rent is received after its due date. The parties agree that Broe tendered a check for the October 2012 rent to Carlisle on October 4, 2012. On October 8,2012, Carlisle sent Broe an e-mail informing him that the Tenant had been three days late on its October rent, and thus owed him $75 in late fees. The Tenant paid Carlisle the $75 late fee on October 10, 2012. On October 11, 2012, Broe discovered that the bank did not honor the rent check that Broe had given Carlisle for the October rent payment. When Broe discovered that his original rent check failed to clear the bank, he sent Carlisle a second rent check, along with an additional $150 for late fees. However, on October 12, 2012, the bank honored the first rent check Broe had delivered to Carlisle. The trial court found that as a matter of law the Tenant was not in default, and therefore Carlisle had no right of reentry. However, we find that there is an issue of material fact as to whether the Tenant was in default.

The trial court found that when Carlisle accepted the rent check on October 4, 2012, he “impliedly extended the time of the payment of the rent until the bank . . . either paid [the check] or returned it.” To support this finding, the trial court cited to this Court’s opinion in Matlock v. Brown, 98 Ga. App.

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Mark Broe v. the Crafty Yank, LLC
Court of Appeals of Georgia, 2022

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Bluebook (online)
787 S.E.2d 340, 337 Ga. App. 408, 2016 WL 3223412, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 342, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/carlisle-v-broe-gactapp-2016.