Cannon v. Michelin North America, Inc.

795 So. 2d 668, 15 I.E.R. Cas. (BNA) 1019, 1999 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 724, 1999 WL 778512
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Alabama
DecidedOctober 1, 1999
Docket2980649
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 795 So. 2d 668 (Cannon v. Michelin North America, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cannon v. Michelin North America, Inc., 795 So. 2d 668, 15 I.E.R. Cas. (BNA) 1019, 1999 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 724, 1999 WL 778512 (Ala. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinions

YATES, Judge.

The plaintiff, Douglas Ray Cannon, appeals from a summary judgment in favor of the defendants, Michelin North America, Inc. (“Michelin”), Wilton Crawford, and Jorge Roa. This case was transferred to this court by the supreme court, pursuant to § 12-2-7(6), Ala.Code 1975.

A summary judgment is appropriate “if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.” Rule 56(c), Ala. R. Civ. P. “If the moving party makes a prima facie showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists and that it is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law, the burden shifts to the nonmovant to [present substantial evidence creating such an issue].” Hinkle v. Burgreen Contracting Co., 678 So.2d 797, 799 (Ala.Civ.App.1996). “Substantial evidence” is “evidence of such weight and quality that fair-minded persons in the exercise of impartial judgment can reasonably infer the existence of the fact sought to be proved.” West v. Founders Life Assurance Co. of Florida, 547 So.2d 870, 871 (Ala.1989). In determining whether substantial evidence exists to defeat a summary-judgment motion, a court must view the evidence in a light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Goodwin v. City of Fultondale, 706 So.2d 766 (Ala.Civ.App.1997).

Cannon began working for Uniroyal-Goodrich Tire Company in December 1983 at its Opelika plant. In 1993, Michelin [670]*670bought the Uniroyal plant; Cannon continued to work in the plant as a technician in the development qualification center. Cannon was promoted to die engineer in 1994. As a die engineer, Cannon was required to operate various types of tire building machines. He was also required to use mobile equipment such as forklifts and tuggers.

In February 1996, while on vacation with his family in Tennessee, Cannon suffered a severe head injury in an ice-skating accident. After returning to Opelika, Cannon was placed in the intensive care unit at East Alabama Medical Center. On April 8, 1996, Dr. Keith Fuller released Cannon to return to work. Cannon was able to work only intermittently, because of headaches, dizziness, and other symptoms. Between February 1996 and November 1996, Cannon worked a total of 33 days.

On November 7, 1996, Cannon was returned to work with no restrictions. Upon Cannon’s returning to work, personnel manager Jorge Roa met with Cannon’s immediate supervisor, Wilton Crawford, and told him that Cannon, to keep his job, had to work 90 consecutive days within a 12-month period from the day he was injured. Crawford told Cannon that if he could work 90 consecutive days before February 6,1997, he would be able to keep his job. Crawford also told Cannon that he could use vacation days when he did not feel able to work. At no time during the 90-day period did anyone inform Cannon that if he performed less than his full duties his days worked would not count toward the 90-day requirement.

Cannon worked through February 7, 1997, meeting the 90-day requirement. He did what he was told during the 90-day period, which included doing less than his full duties. Although the doctor had returned Cannon to work without restrictions, Crawford testified in his deposition that he had placed Cannon on “restricted work from a safety standpoint.” Crawford stated that he did not consider Cannon to be on “light duty,” because there had been no restrictions from the company nurse. Cannon testified in his deposition that if he had been told that doing less than his full duties would result in his termination and the loss of his medical-leave benefits, then he would have performed his full duties.

The evidence indicates that Cannon occasionally would have dizzy spells at work and become disoriented. After the 90-day period had lapsed, Cannon, through a letter from Dr. Camilo Gomez, informed Michelin that he was again going on medical leave. After receiving the letter, Roa informed Crawford that Cannon was to be terminated. Crawford testified that he did not know that working less than full duty disqualified an employee from meeting the 90-day requirement, under Michelin’s medical-leave policy. Roa admitted that if Cannon had performed all the tasks of his job during the 90 days, then Cannon would have been entitled to 26 weeks of short-term disability and his job would have been held open. On February 15, 1997, Cannon was terminated.

In October 1997, Cannon was released back to work by his doctor. At that time, he contacted Roa about returning to work at Michelin. Roa told Cannon that there was no job. Subsequently, Cannon was hired by another company.

Michelin has a medical leave-of-absence policy. Crawford testified that Michelin’s employees are “not allowed to have copies” of the policy, but that “they are allowed to read them any time they wish.” Roa stated in his deposition that it was part of his job to tell employees what was in the policy and how it might affect them. The policy states, in pertinent part:

“If an employee who has been on leave of absence returns to a medical part-[671]*671time/light duty assignment or to a full-time regular job for less than a period of 90 consecutive calendar days, the 12 month period termination date will still be calculated from the original date. Employees nearing 12 months of Medical Leave of Absence status will be reminded, in writing, of this policy and advised of their benefits at least thirty (30) days prior to the effective date of termination.
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“If a regular, full-time employee returns to a full-time regular job for a period of 90 consecutive calendar days, the full eligibility of 26 weeks of Short-Term Disability (STD) benefits will be renewed. (Light duty assignments do not constitute full-time, regular job.)”

Cannon sued Michelin, Crawford, and Roa, alleging fraud, fraudulent suppression, and breach of contract. After litigation had begun, Michelin offered Cannon a job, but Cannon rejected the offer because he already had another job. The defendants moved for a summary judgment on all counts. Cannon filed a response addressing only the fraudulent-suppression and breach-of-contract claims. The trial court entered a summary judgment for the defendants on all claims.

To prove fraudulent suppression, the plaintiff must show (1) the existence of an undisclosed material fact; (2) the defendant’s duty to disclose the material fact; (3) the defendant’s concealment or failure to disclose this material fact; (4) that the defendant’s concealment or failure to disclose this material fact induced the plaintiff to act or to refrain from acting; and (5) that the plaintiff suffered actual damage as a proximate result. Locklear Dodge City, Inc., v. Kimbrell, 703 So.2d 303, 306 (Ala.1997).

The trial judge decides, assuming as truth all of the plaintiffs factual assertions, whether those assertions are sufficient to give rise to a legal duty.

“If, even presuming that all of the plaintiffs facts are true, the judge determines that, as a matter of law, no duty was owed, then a summary judgment or a directed verdict is appropriate. If the judge finds that the circumstances as alleged would be enough to create a legal duty, then he should instruct the jury as to what that duty would be if these circumstances did exist. The jury then decides whether those circumstances indeed existed.”

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Related

Ex Parte Michelin North America, Inc.
795 So. 2d 674 (Supreme Court of Alabama, 2001)

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Bluebook (online)
795 So. 2d 668, 15 I.E.R. Cas. (BNA) 1019, 1999 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 724, 1999 WL 778512, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cannon-v-michelin-north-america-inc-alacivapp-1999.