Cambridge Research & Dev. Group v. Commissioner

97 T.C. No. 19, 97 T.C. 287, 1991 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 78
United States Tax Court·Decided September 5, 1991·No. Docket No. 3435-88·Published·Cited by 26 cases

Opinion

OPINION

Halpern, Judge:*

In T.C. Memo. 1989-679 (Cambridge I), we denied petitioner’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction on the grounds that petitioner’s claim with regard to the statute of limitations did not present a jurisdictional issue but, rather, raised a defense in bar. Subsequently, the parties jointly moved that petitioner’s defense in bar be separated from any other issues and submitted without trial for decision. We granted those motions. Accordingly, the issue before us concerns the period of limitations for making assessments of tax. In particular, it concerns whether an agreement to extend the period of limitations with respect to all of the partners of a partnership is effective when entered into on behalf of the partnership by a general partner, not the tax matters partner, under the circumstances here existing. Respondent has determined adjustments with regard to the partnership’s 1983 taxable year.

Background

In Cambridge I, we made findings of fact. Those findings of fact are incorporated herein by this reference and are repeated only as pertinent to the present discussion. In addition, the parties have stipulated as part of this proceeding to the contents of that agreement of limited partnership under which Cambridge Research & Development Group (Cambridge) was organized and has been operated. Accordingly, the contents of that partnership agreement (the partnership agreement) are found and, by this reference, are incorporated herein.

Cambridge was organized under the laws of the State of Connecticut. At the time the petition in this case was filed, its principal place of business was Westport, Connecticut.

Cambridge is in the business of developing and licensing inventions. From its organization in September 1966 through September 1984, the only general partners of Cambridge were Lawrence M. Sherman (Lawrence) and his twin brother, petitioner herein, Kenneth N. Sherman (sometimes referred to as Kenneth). There have always been numerous limited partners of Cambridge. On October 1, 1984, Kenneth resigned as a general partner and converted his interest in the partnership to that of a limited partner. Lawrence has at all times relevant hereto remained a general partner.

Cambridge filed a partnership tax return for 1983, which was signed by Lawrence. The return contains no space for designating a tax matters partner nor was a tax matters partner designated in any statement attached to the return or otherwise filed with the Internal Revenue Service. Schedule K-l to that return states that Kenneth and Lawrence had equal interests in partnership profits at year’s end.

The partnership agreement has been amended on numerous occasions. At all times relevant to this proceeding, however, it has provided the following with regard to the powers of the general partners:

11. POWERS AND ACTIVITIES OF GENERAL PARTNERS:

(a) The General Partners shall manage and conduct the Partnership business. They may, for the furtherance of the business of the Partnership, borrow or lend money and pledge, mortgage, sell, assign, license or otherwise dispose of any or all of the Partnership property and in general take any action or do anything in furtherance of the Partnership business. [Emphasis added.]

Although the purpose for which Cambridge was formed is set forth in the partnership agreement, the term “Partnership business” is not further defined. The partnership agreement grants the following power of attorney:

22. POWER OF ATTORNEY: (a) Each of the Limited Partner’s [sic] signatory hereto irrevocably constitutes and appoints the General Partners, or any one of them, his true and lawful attorney, in his name, place, and stead, to make, execute, acknowledge and file:
* * * * * * *
(ii) Any other instrument which may be required to be filed by the Partnership, or which the General Partners shall deem it advisable to file; and (it being expressly understood and intended by each of the Limited Partners that the foregoing power of attorney is coupled with an interest)

The partnership agreement requires all partners to be signatories thereto.

Respondent examined Cambridge’s 1983 return and, in March 1985, issued a report of examination changes. The partnership protested in a letter to respondent that referred to Lawrence as the tax matters partner and that was signed by him as such.

In September 1986, respondent requested of Cambridge consent to extend the time for assessing against its partners any tax attributable to partnership items for the partnership’s 1982 and 1983 taxable years. Respondent made the request by forwarding to Mr. O’Connor (the partnership’s attorney) a Form 872-0, Special Consent to Extend the Time to Assess Tax Attributable to Items of a Partnership (the consent). The consent was executed by Lawrence on September 16, 1986, and returned to respondent, on whose behalf it was executed on September 18, 1986. The consent contains alternative signature lines for consent on behalf of a partnership. The first line states: “TAX MATTERS PARTNER SIGNATURE HERE.” The second line states: “AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE SIGN HERE.” Instructions printed under the signature lines state, in relevant part:

The Tax Matters Partner of the partnership in which the item arose (or any person authorized by the partnership in writing) may consent to extend the period of limitations for all partners.
If the person signing this consent is not the Tax Matters Partner, sign in the space entitled “Authorized Representative Sign Here” and attach a copy of the written authorization from the partnership.

Lawrence signed the consent on the line provided for the signature of the tax matters partner.

Subsequently, in either late 1987 or early 1988, respondent completed his examination of Cambridge for 1983 and issued a notice of final partnership administrative adjustment (FPAA).1 Such notice generally is a prerequisite to any assessment by respondent of a deficiency attributable to partnership items. The FPAA also serves as a ticket of admission to the Tax Court, so that the partners can challenge the adjustment without first having to pay the tax.

The FPAA was issued after the expiration of the applicable period of limitations for assessment unless the consent was effective to extend the 3-year period for assessments normally applicable to taxes attributable to partnership items, or the partnership otherwise is estopped from claiming the benefit of such period. Petitioner argues that the consent was ineffective and therefore the FPAA was untimely. The consent was ineffective, argues petitioner, because Lawrence had no authority to sign it on behalf of the partnership. The question we must decide is whether Lawrence did have such authority.

Discussion

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Cambridge Research & Dev. Group v. Commissioner, 97 T.C. No. 19, 97 T.C. 287, 1991 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 78 (tax 1991).

97 T.C. No. 19 (Cambridge Research & Dev. Group v. Commissioner) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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