USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 1 of 8
[DO NOT PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit
____________________
No. 24-10423 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________
In re: CALVIN DAVID FOX, Debtor. _________________________________________________ CALVIN DAVID FOX, Plaintiff-Appellant, versus ROBIN R. WEINER, Chapter 13 Trustee,
Defendant-Appellee.
____________________ USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 2 of 8
2 Opinion of the Court 24-10423
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 9:23-cv-81431-AMC, Bkcy No. 21-bk-15870-EPK ____________________
Before JORDAN, LUCK, and ABUDU, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Calvin David Fox appeals the bankruptcy court’s orders dis- missing his appeals to the district court, and the district court’s de- nial of his motion to reconsider its affirmance of those orders. After careful consideration, we affirm. FACTUAL BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY Bankruptcy Court Proceedings Fox, previously represented by counsel, filed for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in 2021. The bankruptcy court approved a repayment plan that required Fox to pay $550 a month for five years. Fox lost his job in 2023 and fell behind on the required payments. After a period of missed installments, the bankruptcy trustee filed a notice of delinquency in the bankruptcy court. When Fox failed to catch up on his payments, the bankruptcy court dismissed his case. After the dismissal, Fox’s attorney stopped participating in the case, but Fox persisted pro se. He filed a motion to reinstate the case, suggesting that the bankruptcy court may have missed the letter he had sent to the trustee explaining his current situation and USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 3 of 8
24-10423 Opinion of the Court 3
intention to catch up on payments. The bankruptcy court denied this motion. Fox then filed a motion to extend the appeal deadline, which the bankruptcy court also denied after finding that good cause did not exist for an extension. In its order, the bankruptcy court noted that since Fox’s counsel had not withdrawn, it could have denied Fox’s motion because it was filed pro se by a repre- sented party. However, the bankruptcy court did not deny the mo- tion on that basis. Fox moved to reconsider, arguing that the bankruptcy court should not have denied the motion because it was filed pro se. He explained he was having difficulties with his attorney and repeated his request for an extension. The bankruptcy court denied the mo- tion. Undeterred, Fox filed a motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended bankruptcy plan. This motion argued that the bankruptcy court should accept the trustee’s report as an amended plan because Fox had been illegally fired from his job due to a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act conspir- acy. The bankruptcy court set a hearing on the motion, and Fox’s counsel moved to withdraw from representation. After the hearing several things happened over the span of two days. First, Fox filed a notice of appeal to the district court regarding the bankruptcy court’s order dismissing his case. In that motion, Fox also appealed “all subsequent orders” of the bank- ruptcy court. Second, Fox moved to waive the appeal filing fee. Third, the bankruptcy court granted Fox’s counsel’s motion to withdraw. Fourth, the bankruptcy court dismissed Fox’s appeal as USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 4 of 8
4 Opinion of the Court 24-10423
untimely. Fifth, the bankruptcy court denied Fox’s motion to waive the appeal filing fee as moot, and sixth, the bankruptcy court de- nied Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended plan. Fox filed another notice of appeal to the district court, this time for the order of dismissal and the orders the bankruptcy court entered after the hearing. He also moved again for a fee waiver. The bankruptcy court dismissed the appeal as untimely regarding all its orders except for the order denying the fee waiver and the order denying Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended plan. The bankruptcy court then granted Fox’s second request for a fee waiver. Roughly a month later, the bankruptcy court dismissed Fox’s appeal regarding these two orders because he had failed to file a designation of items for the record or a statement of issues, as required by the bankruptcy rules. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009; Bankr. S.D. Fla. R. 8009-1(A). The bankruptcy court then dismissed the trustee and closed the case. District Court Proceedings Fox filed a “response” to the bankruptcy court’s order dis- missing his appeal in the district court. He moved to strike the or- der as exceeding the bankruptcy court’s authority. The district court denied the motion with a paperless order, stating that the ap- peal was properly dismissed. Nevertheless, Fox moved for the dis- trict court to reconsider its affirmance of the bankruptcy court’s dismissal. The district court issued a second paperless order USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 5 of 8
24-10423 Opinion of the Court 5
affirming that the appeal was properly dismissed and denying Fox’s motion as “frivolous.” Fox appealed. STANDARD OF REVIEW “When reviewing a district court’s appellate review of a bankruptcy court’s decision, we apply the same standards of re- view as the district court.” In re Stanford, 17 F.4th 116, 121 (11th Cir. 2021). We review conclusions of law by the bankruptcy court and the district court de novo, and any factual findings for clear error. Id. DISCUSSION Fox’s colorable arguments on appeal are that (1) the bank- ruptcy court erred in dismissing his appeals and (2) the district court erred when it denied his motion to reconsider its affirmance 1 of the bankruptcy court’s dismissal. The bankruptcy court did not err by dismissing Fox’s appeals of its post-hearing orders. Under the bankruptcy rules, Fox had fourteen days to appeal the orders. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8002(a). Additionally, Fox was re- quired to file “a designation of the items to be included in the rec- ord on appeal and a statement of the issues to be presented” within
1 We observe that while we attempt to construe Fox’s arguments liberally, they are hard to decipher. His fifty-three-page brief is scattershot and appears to include snippets of prior filings. His statement of the issues spans twelve pages and touches several topics which are not relevant to his appeal. These include, among other things, a death penalty trial from the 1990s, his allegedly illegal firing from his job as a writing tutor, his dispute with his former counsel, and the existential threat posed by artificial intelligence. USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 6 of 8
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fourteen days of noticing each appeal. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009(a)(1). The Southern District of Florida’s local rules instruct the bank- ruptcy court to dismiss appeals which do not meet these require- ments. See Bankr. S.D. Fla. 8002-1, 8009-1; S.D. Fla. Loc. R. 87.4(c). After the hearing on Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s fi- nal report as an amended plan, Fox appealed four of the bank- ruptcy court’s orders.
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USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 1 of 8
[DO NOT PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit
____________________
No. 24-10423 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________
In re: CALVIN DAVID FOX, Debtor. _________________________________________________ CALVIN DAVID FOX, Plaintiff-Appellant, versus ROBIN R. WEINER, Chapter 13 Trustee,
Defendant-Appellee.
____________________ USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 2 of 8
2 Opinion of the Court 24-10423
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 9:23-cv-81431-AMC, Bkcy No. 21-bk-15870-EPK ____________________
Before JORDAN, LUCK, and ABUDU, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Calvin David Fox appeals the bankruptcy court’s orders dis- missing his appeals to the district court, and the district court’s de- nial of his motion to reconsider its affirmance of those orders. After careful consideration, we affirm. FACTUAL BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY Bankruptcy Court Proceedings Fox, previously represented by counsel, filed for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in 2021. The bankruptcy court approved a repayment plan that required Fox to pay $550 a month for five years. Fox lost his job in 2023 and fell behind on the required payments. After a period of missed installments, the bankruptcy trustee filed a notice of delinquency in the bankruptcy court. When Fox failed to catch up on his payments, the bankruptcy court dismissed his case. After the dismissal, Fox’s attorney stopped participating in the case, but Fox persisted pro se. He filed a motion to reinstate the case, suggesting that the bankruptcy court may have missed the letter he had sent to the trustee explaining his current situation and USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 3 of 8
24-10423 Opinion of the Court 3
intention to catch up on payments. The bankruptcy court denied this motion. Fox then filed a motion to extend the appeal deadline, which the bankruptcy court also denied after finding that good cause did not exist for an extension. In its order, the bankruptcy court noted that since Fox’s counsel had not withdrawn, it could have denied Fox’s motion because it was filed pro se by a repre- sented party. However, the bankruptcy court did not deny the mo- tion on that basis. Fox moved to reconsider, arguing that the bankruptcy court should not have denied the motion because it was filed pro se. He explained he was having difficulties with his attorney and repeated his request for an extension. The bankruptcy court denied the mo- tion. Undeterred, Fox filed a motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended bankruptcy plan. This motion argued that the bankruptcy court should accept the trustee’s report as an amended plan because Fox had been illegally fired from his job due to a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act conspir- acy. The bankruptcy court set a hearing on the motion, and Fox’s counsel moved to withdraw from representation. After the hearing several things happened over the span of two days. First, Fox filed a notice of appeal to the district court regarding the bankruptcy court’s order dismissing his case. In that motion, Fox also appealed “all subsequent orders” of the bank- ruptcy court. Second, Fox moved to waive the appeal filing fee. Third, the bankruptcy court granted Fox’s counsel’s motion to withdraw. Fourth, the bankruptcy court dismissed Fox’s appeal as USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 4 of 8
4 Opinion of the Court 24-10423
untimely. Fifth, the bankruptcy court denied Fox’s motion to waive the appeal filing fee as moot, and sixth, the bankruptcy court de- nied Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended plan. Fox filed another notice of appeal to the district court, this time for the order of dismissal and the orders the bankruptcy court entered after the hearing. He also moved again for a fee waiver. The bankruptcy court dismissed the appeal as untimely regarding all its orders except for the order denying the fee waiver and the order denying Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended plan. The bankruptcy court then granted Fox’s second request for a fee waiver. Roughly a month later, the bankruptcy court dismissed Fox’s appeal regarding these two orders because he had failed to file a designation of items for the record or a statement of issues, as required by the bankruptcy rules. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009; Bankr. S.D. Fla. R. 8009-1(A). The bankruptcy court then dismissed the trustee and closed the case. District Court Proceedings Fox filed a “response” to the bankruptcy court’s order dis- missing his appeal in the district court. He moved to strike the or- der as exceeding the bankruptcy court’s authority. The district court denied the motion with a paperless order, stating that the ap- peal was properly dismissed. Nevertheless, Fox moved for the dis- trict court to reconsider its affirmance of the bankruptcy court’s dismissal. The district court issued a second paperless order USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 5 of 8
24-10423 Opinion of the Court 5
affirming that the appeal was properly dismissed and denying Fox’s motion as “frivolous.” Fox appealed. STANDARD OF REVIEW “When reviewing a district court’s appellate review of a bankruptcy court’s decision, we apply the same standards of re- view as the district court.” In re Stanford, 17 F.4th 116, 121 (11th Cir. 2021). We review conclusions of law by the bankruptcy court and the district court de novo, and any factual findings for clear error. Id. DISCUSSION Fox’s colorable arguments on appeal are that (1) the bank- ruptcy court erred in dismissing his appeals and (2) the district court erred when it denied his motion to reconsider its affirmance 1 of the bankruptcy court’s dismissal. The bankruptcy court did not err by dismissing Fox’s appeals of its post-hearing orders. Under the bankruptcy rules, Fox had fourteen days to appeal the orders. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8002(a). Additionally, Fox was re- quired to file “a designation of the items to be included in the rec- ord on appeal and a statement of the issues to be presented” within
1 We observe that while we attempt to construe Fox’s arguments liberally, they are hard to decipher. His fifty-three-page brief is scattershot and appears to include snippets of prior filings. His statement of the issues spans twelve pages and touches several topics which are not relevant to his appeal. These include, among other things, a death penalty trial from the 1990s, his allegedly illegal firing from his job as a writing tutor, his dispute with his former counsel, and the existential threat posed by artificial intelligence. USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 6 of 8
6 Opinion of the Court 24-10423
fourteen days of noticing each appeal. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009(a)(1). The Southern District of Florida’s local rules instruct the bank- ruptcy court to dismiss appeals which do not meet these require- ments. See Bankr. S.D. Fla. 8002-1, 8009-1; S.D. Fla. Loc. R. 87.4(c). After the hearing on Fox’s motion to accept the trustee’s fi- nal report as an amended plan, Fox appealed four of the bank- ruptcy court’s orders. These were: (1) the order granting his coun- sel’s motion to withdraw, (2) the order dismissing his bankruptcy appeal as untimely, (3) the order denying his renewed motion to waive the appellate filing fee, and (4) the order denying the motion to accept the trustee’s final report as an amended plan. The first two orders were entered on October 11, 2023, and the second two orders on October 12. Fox filed his appeal on October 26. The bankruptcy court properly dismissed Fox’s appeal regarding the first two orders as untimely because Fox filed his appeal more than fourteen days after they were entered. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8002(a); Bankr. S.D. Fla. 8002-1; S.D. Fla. Loc. R. 87.4(c). Fox offers no sub- stantive argument to the contrary. The bankruptcy court initially allowed the appeal to proceed regarding the last two orders. However, more than fourteen days passed, and Fox did not file a designation of the record items to be included on appeal or a statement of the issues to be presented. The bankruptcy court then dismissed Fox’s appeal of the remain- ing orders for this reason. The bankruptcy court did not err be- cause the applicable procedural rules required Fox to file these USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 7 of 8
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documents and he did not do so. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009(a)(1); Bankr. S.D. Fla. 8009-1; S.D. Fla. Loc. R. 87.4(c). Fox moved to strike the bankruptcy court’s order in the dis- trict court, but the district court affirmed the bankruptcy court’s judgment. Fox then moved for the district court to reconsider its affirmance. In that motion, for the first time, Fox alleged (among other things) that he did file the required documents, but that the bankruptcy court clerk ripped them up in front of him. The dis- trict court denied Fox’s motion as “frivolous” because the “appeal was properly dismissed” pursuant to the bankruptcy court’s order. We cannot say that the district court erred by denying Fox’s motion to reconsider its order affirming the bankruptcy court’s dis- missal. The district court had already made clear in its prior order that the appeal was properly dismissed for failing to comply with the procedural bankruptcy rules. See Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8009(a)(1); Bankr. S.D. Fla. 8009-1; S.D. Fla. Loc. R. 87.4(c). Fox offered no evidence for his novel allegation that he watched the bankruptcy court clerk rip up the documents he submitted. He did not men- tion the alleged incident in his first motion to reverse the bank- ruptcy court’s dismissal. Despite claiming to have witnessed the event, the first time Fox referenced it was in his second motion be- fore the district court—three months after it allegedly occurred. While Fox repeats the allegation in this appeal, he again of- fers no evidence of its occurrence. The district court considered Fox’s allegation, but found that the appeal was “properly dis- missed”—indicating that it did not credit Fox’s allegation as factual. USCA11 Case: 24-10423 Document: 37-1 Date Filed: 07/14/2025 Page: 8 of 8
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Fox has not shown that finding to be clearly erroneous. See In re Stanford, 17 F.4th at 121 (“A factual finding is clearly erroneous if the reviewing court examines the evidence and is ‘left with the def- inite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made.’” (quoting In re Feshbach, 974 F.3d 1320, 1328 (11th Cir. 2020))). Thus, Fox pre- sents no basis to reverse the district court’s order. AFFIRMED.