Calvert v. British-American Oil Producing Co.

390 S.W.2d 305
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMarch 24, 1965
DocketNo. 11263
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 390 S.W.2d 305 (Calvert v. British-American Oil Producing Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Calvert v. British-American Oil Producing Co., 390 S.W.2d 305 (Tex. Ct. App. 1965).

Opinions

ARCHER, Chief Justice.

Plaintiff sued defendant for a refund of $3,866.79 tax paid under protest on account of a written contract dated July 26, 1961, before the effective date of the Act, between International Business Machines Corporation (hereinafter referred to as IBM), as seller, and plaintiff, as purchaser, for the sale of certain tangible personal property consisting of three IBM machines. Plaintiff also pleaded that the tax as applied to it is invalid and also an exemption from the tax was claimed by plaintiff under Article 20.04(H) of said Act, which provides that there are exempted from such taxes the receipts from the sale, use or rental of, and the storage, use or other consumption if the property is “used for the performance of a written contract entered into prior to the [306]*306effective date of the act” (which date would be September 1, 1961).

Motions for summary judgment were filed by the respective parties and were heard by the court, plaintiff’s motion granted and judgment entered for the amount sued for. The defendant’s motion was overruled.

The Articles referred to are in Chapter 20, Title 122A, Taxation-General, R.C.S., as amended by Chapter 24, p. 71, Acts of the First Called Session of the 57th Legislature, known as the Limited Sales, Excise and Use Tax Act.

The question is whether plaintiff is liable for a tax under Article 20.01 et seq., Chapter 20, Title 122A.

The Statute involved, Article 20.04(H) reads as follows:

“Written Contracts and Bids Executed Prior to the Effective Date of this Chapter. There are exempted from the taxes imposed by this Chapter the receipts from the sale, use or rental of, and the storage, use or other consumption in this State of, tangible personal property (i) used for the performance of a written contract entered into prior to September 1, 1961, (ii) pursuant to the obligation of a bid or bids submitted prior to September 1, 1961, which bid or bids could not be altered or withdrawn on or after that date and which bid or bids and contract entered into pursuant thereto are at a fixed price not subject to change or modification by reason of a tax imposed by this Chapter. * * *
“Provided, however, that notice of such contract or bid by reason of which an exclusion is claimed under this Section (H) must be given by the taxpayer to the Comptroller on or before the lapse of one hundred and twenty (120) days from August 16, 1961.”

The appeal is founded on 17 points assigned as error by the trial court in granting the summary judgment, because there is a valid law requiring the payment of the tax, and the Tax Act does not violate either Sections 16 or 19 of Article 1 of the State Constitution, Vernon’s Ann.St., and does not violate Section 10 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States, and that the motion, pleadings of both parties, affidavits and stipulations show as a matter of law that plaintiff is liable for the tax, and the record as a whole shows that plaintiff did not use the machines for the performance of a written contract, and because the prior contract included the sales contract between plaintiff and IBM, and because the plaintiff did not use the machines to perform a written contract within the meaning of the Statute, but only used them in plaintiff’s accounting procedures.

Appellee asserts that the plain language of Article 20.04(H) (i) exempts receipts from the sale * * * of tangible personal property * * * used for the performance of a written contract entered into prior to September 1, 1961, provided notice is given; and that the words of the Article not being ambiguous there is no need to, and a court will not assume to construe or interpret the Statute, citing State Board of Insurance v. Betts, 158 Tex. 612, 315 S.W.2d 279, Tex. Sup.Ct. and City of Abilene v. Meek, Tex.Civ.App., 311 S.W.2d 654, er. ref.

The parties entered into a stipulation as follows:

“In order to expedite the trial of the above entitled and numbered cause, the parties hereto agree as follows:
“1. Plaintiff, the British-American Oil Producing Company, after November 16, 1961, the date of the installation and delivery of the computer machines which is the subject of the contract in issue in this case has used said computer machines in its accounting procedures in the conduct of its business.
“2. After installation and delivery of the computer machines, as aforesaid, Plaintiff did not use the same in connection with any written contract entered into by Plaintiff with any person, [307]*307firm or corporation prior to September 1, 1961, other than the contract which is the subject of this suit.”

In disallowing the claim for refund the Comptroller stated:

“The taxpayer, British-American Oil Producing Co., purchased a computer system. The contract was entered into prior to September 1, 1961. Notice of the existence of the contract was tendered to the Comptroller’s Office within the statutory 120 day period, to-wit: December 13, 1961. A tax was assessed and paid in the amount of $3,866.79 including penalty and interest. British-American Oil Producing Co. properly filed application for refund on August 23, 1963.
“HOLDING: The Comptroller’s Office is of the opinion that the tax was due and payable and that the application for refund should be disallowed. The reason for this holding is that the taxpayer used the computer system in a manner other than for the performance of a written contract. The contract was entered into prior to September 1, 1961, but the contract was performed in full on the date of delivery. In accordance with Attorney General’s Opinion No. C-30 and Sales Tax Ruling No. 2, the later use of the computer system was a taxable use and is subject to the use tax imposed by Article 20.03 of the Limited Sales, Excise and Use Tax Act.”

We believe that the conclusion of the Comptroller is contrary to the language of the “performance” phrase in the Statute. In ordinary business usage, property delivered under a purchase contract is property used for the performance of that contract.

The Supreme Court of Georgia in Gulf Refining Co. v. Smith, 164 Ga. 811, 139 S.E. 716, held:

“A sale is one of the uses to which property can be subjected. As relating to one’s possession, the word ‘use’ includes every purpose for which that property may be used. * * * ”

In N. Estrada, Inc. v. Terry, Tex.Civ.App., 293 S.W. 286, n. w. h., the Court said:

“Performance of an obligation under a contract consists of the doing of the required act at the time and place and in the manner stipulated by the terms of the contract, * * Wood Motor Co. v. Hawkins, Tex.Civ.App., 226 S.W.2d 487, n. w. h.

The word “used” appears many times in the Act, and is not a substitute for the word “use” as specially defined in Article 20.01 (R). Article 20.02(G) refers to tangible personal property which may be “resold, leased or rented or will be used for some other purposes.” Calvert v.

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Related

Calvert v. British-American Oil Producing Co.
397 S.W.2d 839 (Texas Supreme Court, 1965)

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Bluebook (online)
390 S.W.2d 305, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/calvert-v-british-american-oil-producing-co-texapp-1965.