Cain v. State

575 S.W.2d 893, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2890
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedDecember 27, 1978
DocketNo. KCD 29837
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 575 S.W.2d 893 (Cain v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cain v. State, 575 S.W.2d 893, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2890 (Mo. Ct. App. 1978).

Opinion

WELBORN, Special Judge.

Appeal from denial of relief after eviden-tiary hearing upon motion to withdraw plea of guilty upon which appellant had been sentenced to three years’ imprisonment on a charge of driving under the influence of narcotics. § 564.445, RSMo 1969.

On April 27, 1976, James Earnest Cain, represented by David Doak of the Public Defender’s office, entered a plea of guilty before Judge John M. Cave of the Boone County Circuit Court to a charge of driving under the influence of narcotics. After extended interrogation of the defendant by the court, the plea was accepted and defendant was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment, to run concurrently with a five-year sentence previously imposed upon defendant in the Callaway County Circuit Court.

On April 80,1976, defendant was received at the Missouri State Penitentiary. He was [894]*894immediately in isolation in the prison hospital because of lesions on his legs and genitals. Upon admission to the hospital at around 1:45 P.M., he had a temperature of 100 degrees which rose to 104.2 by 4:15 of that date. The lesions were found to have been caused by staphylococcic infections and serology was positive for syphilis. Defendant was treated with penicillin and other antibiotics and remained in isolation in the prison hospital for 17 days.

Sometime around August 1, 1976, Cain filed a pro se motion under Rule 27.26 to set aside his conviction. Counsel was appointed and on October 20, 1976, counsel moved to amend the original motion to include a prayer for withdrawal of his plea of guilty under Rule 27.25, alleging as grounds therefor that defendant’s guilty plea had been made while he was suffering from venereal disease and severe staph infection and after he had been refused medical treatment in the Boone County jail for four weeks; that the plea was motivated by a desire to be sent to the State Penitentiary so that he would receive prompt medical treatment for his illness; that the plea was made under coercive circumstances then beyond his control, which forced him to enter an involuntary plea of guilty.

At the hearing on his motion, Cain testified that he had received antibiotics for the “running sores” on his body during the last two days of his incarceration in Florida prior to his extradition to Missouri near the end of March, 1976. After he had been placed in the Boone County jail, the sores kept getting bigger and spreading and about the last week of his stay there “it really started getting real noticeable, real bad.” Cain said that during his first two weeks in the Boone County jail, he wrote notes to the head jailer, asking to see a doctor. Two of the notes were given to jailers and one was entrusted to a trustee for delivery, but Cain received no response. He said that he gave a note to a prisoner who was to appear in court for delivery to the judge but the jailer would not permit the prisoner to give the note to the judge. He testified that he made a verbal request to see a doctor about every time he saw a jailer, but the request was not heeded and he received no medical attention in the Boone County jail.

Cain testified that he finally asked his attorney Doak to see what he could do. on his behalf on a plea-bargaining arrangement, with a plea to be entered immediately. Doak arranged for a three-year sentence to run concurrently with a five-year Callaway County sentence and Cain accepted the arrangement. According to Cain, he pleaded guilty “to get medical attention.”

Cain acknowledged that he did not mention his health problem to Doak. According to Cain, Doak “just didn’t act like he was a very good friend of mine. * * * He just wanted to get it over with.” “ * * * [H]e just wanted to get me out of his hair.” Cain further acknowledges that he made a negative response to the following question asked by the judge at the time of the guilty plea in the course of a lengthy and detailed examination of appellant: “All right, sir, now the Court has asked you a good many questions about your plea of guilty. Is there anything that the Court has not inquired about that might in any way be forcing you against your own best judgment to enter this plea of guilty?” Cain’s explanation was that if he had mentioned his health problem, “ * * * they wouldn’t accept my plea of guilty and I’d been sent back to jail * * * in Boone County.” The foremost thing in his mind was “getting away from that jail and getting some help” and he was willing to lie to the judge to accomplish that end.

Former fellow prisoners in the Boone County jail testified to appellant’s health problems while he was in the jail. The physician who attended prisoners in the jail testified that he gave no treatment to appellant. A medical officer at the penitentiary testified to appellant’s condition upon his arrival at that institution. Both medical witnesses stated that an untreated staph [895]*895infection could become generalized throughout the body and result in death.

Mr. David Doak testified on behalf of respondent. He stated that he had been appointed to defend appellant on the charge of driving under the influence of narcotics. He testified that the case had been scheduled for trial on one occasion and that he and appellant showed up for trial but before the case was called appellant disappeared. When appellant was returned to the Boone County jail, Doak saw him once or twice there. According to Doak, appellant was under the “distinct impression that there was absolutely no chance now that he could stay out of confinement.” Appellant initiated the guilty plea talk and was interested in getting his sentence on the charge to run concurrently with his Callaway County sentence. Appellant said nothing about health problems. He did tell Doak that he wanted to get the guilty plea “done quickly.” Doak said that was not an unusual request and he conceded that conditions at the Boone County jail were such that the request was not unusual. “I think the conditions here are much worse than they are at the Penitentiary.”

In his findings of fact and conclusions of law, the court stated:

“ * * * In view of the plea bargain struck and fulfilled, and the otherwise voluntary plea of guilty in this case, it appears that the conditions in the jail were simply a motivating factor in the timing of this plea of guilty. The evidence does not meet the heavy burden of proof, alluded to but not found to exist in State v. Taylor, supra, to establish that the coercive nature of the penal conditions reached the level of cruel and unusual punishment and thus were directly related to the root decision of whether to enter a plea of guilty.”

In this court, appellant contends that the preponderance of the evidence established that he was denied needed medical attention while confined in the Boone County jail and that the trial court, therefore, erred in finding that the condition of his confinement did not amount to cruel and unusual punishment. He further contends that the denial of medical care at the Boone County jail rendered the condition of his incarceration there so inherently coercive that it must be held as a matter of law that his plea was tainted to the extent that he should be allowed to withdraw it.

State v. Taylor, 529 S.W.2d 427 (Mo.App.1975), contains a statement of the law which governs this case.

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Related

Bates v. State
590 S.W.2d 109 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1979)

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Bluebook (online)
575 S.W.2d 893, 1978 Mo. App. LEXIS 2890, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cain-v-state-moctapp-1978.