Cain v. Christie

1997 OK CIV APP 7, 937 P.2d 119, 68 O.B.A.J. 1198, 1997 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 8, 1997 WL 137114
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedFebruary 18, 1997
DocketNo. 86807
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 1997 OK CIV APP 7 (Cain v. Christie) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cain v. Christie, 1997 OK CIV APP 7, 937 P.2d 119, 68 O.B.A.J. 1198, 1997 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 8, 1997 WL 137114 (Okla. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

GARRETT, Judge:

Andrew C. Cain filed an action to quiet his title to two tracts of land.1 The defendants [121]*121were the heirs and successors of Jennie Johnson, deceased.2 Cain alleged: (1) he and his wife acquired title, by grant, to an undivided one-sixth interest as joint tenants, (2) she is deceased, and (3) he is the surviving joint tenant. He claimed title to the other undivided five-sixths interest by adverse possession and prescription. It was undisputed that Cain and the Defendants [as owners of their undivided ⅝⅛⅛ interest] were tenants in common.

Defendants are Indian heirs. Apparently, with only one exception, they are restricted Indians, but there is no issue in that respect. Their predecessor, Jennie Johnson, deceased, was a full-blood, enrolled Cherokee Indian. The land involved in this action was a portion of the lands allotted to her. The Indian defendants are represented by the United States, ex rel the Secretary of the Interior, acting through a duly authorized representative, the Area Director, Muskogee Area Office, Bureau of Indian Affairs.

In the trial court, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss. They alleged the petition faded to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. Cain apparently conceded the motion had merit. He filed an amended petition (1) to determine heirs and ownership, (2) to quiet title, and (3) for partition. In the amended petition he claimed title to an undivided one-sixth interest. Defendants elected not to remove this action to Federal Court. They concede the State Court has jurisdiction of this partition action, and State Law controls, because the Cherokees are one of the Five Civilized Tribes. In this connection they refer to “the Act of Congress of June 14,1918,” 40 Stat. 606.

In their answer and counter claim, defendants (1) alleged facts relating to determination of heirs and present ownership, (2) in effect conceded partition was proper, and (3) specifically requested the court to direct the partition commissioners to allot Cain his portion of the land in kind, and to set the remainder over to defendants as tenants in common. See 12 O.S.1991 § 1607. Defendants did not contest Cain’s right to partition. However, at all times, before the trial, when the case was tried, and after the trial, they contended, and in this appeal they continue to contend, that Cain should have his share of the land set over to him in kind, and the remainder should be set over to all of the defendants as tenants in common pursuant to their agreement.

The court entered judgment determining heirs and present ownership. Thirty eight persons were adjudged to own undivided fractional interests in this 60 acres. Two persons (Cain and one other) were held to own an undivided one sixth (ten acre) interest. Others own lesser interests, which, in size, if set over to them in kind, would range down to approximately 3080 square feet.3 As to partition and partition commissioners the judgment provided:

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that said premises are capable of being partitioned and a partition thereof is hereby ordered. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED by the court that partition of said lands be made accordingly; that Carolyn Walkingstick, Ted Eversoll, and Marshall Ford are hereby appointed commissioners, and, upon taking the oath prescribed by law, shall proceed to make partition and report the same at the next term of this court.

The case was tried on July 26, 1995. The judgment was filed on August 22,1995. The record does not contain an order appointing or instructing the partition commissioners other than that portion of the judgment just above quoted.4 On September 1, 1995, De[122]*122fendants filed a motion to modify the judgment. As pertinent here, based on § 1507, supra, they requested the court to instruct the partition commissioners to allot Plaintiff the 10 acre tract as his separate property and to allot the 50 acre tract (Coon Mountain) to all of the Defendants as tenants in common. Also, Defendants asked the court to “award each party its own attorney fees and costs”. By order dated December 13, 1995, and filed on January 10,1996, the court denied Defendants’ motion to modify.

The oath of commissioners was dated August 29, 1995, and filed on September 26, 1995. On September 26, 1995, the partition commissioners filed their “REPORT OF COMMISSIONERS”. It was dated September 22,1995, and, in part, provided:

We found that partition of said property cannot be made in kind among the said parties according to their respective interests as determined and ordered by said order of the court herein, without manifest injury to said parties, and we have accordingly appraised and valued said property and premises at the sum of Thirteen Thousand and no/100— Dollars ($IS,000.00).

On October 16, 1995, two elections to take at appraised value were filed. One was filed by Cain, and the other was filed by the Defendant, Bobbie Gail Smith. On that same day, an objection to the report of commissioners was filed on behalf of the Defendants. Essentially, the objections to the report were: (1) the finding, that partition in kind was not possible without manifest injury to the parties, was clearly contrary to the weight of the evidence; (2) the appraised value was less than market value; and, (3) the report failed to state the value of the minerals.

The petition in error in this interlocutory appeal was filed on January 12, 1996. On January 19, 1996, the Supreme Court directed Appellants to show cause why this appeal should not be dismissed for lack of an appeal-able order. The order appealed is the trial court’s order dated December 13, 1995, and filed on January 10, 1996, which denied Defendant’s motion to modify the Journal Entry of Judgment and Order for Partition filed August 22, 1995. The response was filed. Defendants relied on 12 O.S.1991 § 952(b)(2) and § 993(A)(3), as amended, together with other statutes, and numerous court decisions. On March 18, 1996, the Supreme Court entered an order that it was satisfied with its jurisdiction, and “this appeal may proceed”.

The only issue presented for decision is whether the trial court properly refused to invoke the provisions of 12 O.S.1991 § 1507, supra, and properly refused to direct the commissioners to allot the 10-acre tract to Cain as his separate property and to allot the 50-acre tract to all of the Defendants in undivided shares as tenants in common. We hold the court erred.

Partition is equity. Our standard of review is whether the district court’s decision is either against the clear weight of the evidence, or is contrary to law. Chesmore v. Chesmore, 484 P.2d 516 (Okl.1971). It is well settled that the right to partition is absolute. It is equally well settled that partition in kind is strongly favored. The Chesmore Court, at page 518, said:

Although the right to partition is absolute, partition proceedings are one of equitable cognizance, Keel v. Keel, Okl., 475 P.2d 393 (1970), and equitable principles apply. The lands will be partitioned among the parties where it can be equitably done; the property will not be sold and the proceeds divided, except where it is not susceptible of an equitable division. Diehl v. Hieronymus, Okl., 426 P.2d 368 (1967).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Dewrell v. Lawrence
2002 OK CIV APP 105 (Court of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma, 2002)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
1997 OK CIV APP 7, 937 P.2d 119, 68 O.B.A.J. 1198, 1997 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 8, 1997 WL 137114, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cain-v-christie-oklacivapp-1997.