Budnick v. Budnick

615 A.2d 80, 419 Pa. Super. 172, 1992 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3337
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedOctober 7, 1992
DocketNo. 00113
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 615 A.2d 80 (Budnick v. Budnick) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Budnick v. Budnick, 615 A.2d 80, 419 Pa. Super. 172, 1992 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3337 (Pa. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

TAMILIA, Judge:

The parties to this appeal, appellant David Budnick and appellee Linda A. Budnick, nee Linda Ann Cappellini, were married on July 26, 1980 in West Wyoming, Luzerne County. This was the second marriage for appellant and the first for appellee. On October 13, 1982, appellee was injured seriously in an automobile accident and was hospitalized for four months. Subsequently, the parties separated and on February 8, 1983, appellee filed a complaint in divorce. A Master was appointed thereafter, three hearings were held in September and October of 1983 and the trial court issued a divorce decree on March 12, 1984, retaining jurisdiction over the issues of equitable distribution, attorneys’ fees and court costs. On December 7, 1984, a jury rendered a verdict in favor of appellee in the amount of $12,608,028 for the injuries she suffered in her accident. On May 1,1986, the Master filed his report and recommendations, to which appellant filed excep[175]*175tions. After oral argument on the exceptions, the trial court, on May 21, 1987, issued the following Order:

(1) That Defendant’s Exception to the Master’s Recommendation excluding the personal injury award recovered by Plaintiff as non-marital property is hereby DENIED.
(2) That Defendant’s Exception to the Master’s Recommendation that each party pay their own counsel fees and expenses is hereby GRANTED for reasons appearing in the accompanying opinion.
(3) That Defendant’s Exception to the Master’s Recommendation that the parties be awarded their respective pension benefits is hereby GRANTED for the reasons appearing in the accompanying opinion.
(4) That the Master file with this Court a new Proposed Recommendation for equitable division of marital property after having taken into consideration the personal injury award recovered by Plaintiff, not as a marital asset but, rather, as a relevant factor under Section 401(d) of the Pa. Divorce Code.
(5) That the Master file with this Court a new Proposed Recommendation concerning an award of counsel fees and costs after having taken into consideration the personal injury award recovered by Plaintiff as a relevant factor under Section 401(d) of the Pa. Divorce Code.

The parties filed cross-appeals to this Order -with the Superior Court (Budnick v. Budnick, 374 Pa.Super. 637, 538 A.2d 935 (1987) (unpublished memorandum), which were quashed as interlocutory. Pursuant to the trial court’s order concerning a new proposed Master’s recommendation, further hearing was held on August 27, 1990, following which the Master issued a supplemental report and recommendation on May 17, 1991. The Master, in his supplemental report, followed the directives of the trial court’s May 21,1987 Order, but essentially reached the same conclusions as it had in its initial report and recommendation. Appellant filed exceptions to the supplemental Master’s report and by Order dated December 19, 1991, the trial court denied appellant’s exceptions and upheld the Master’s report and recommendation.

[176]*176In this appeal, appellant first argues appellee’s personal injury award derived from a claim arising during the marriage, and is therefore a marital asset subject to equitable distribution. As an initial matter, however, we note equitable distribution of marital property is within the sound discretion of the trial court, whose decisions shall not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of that discretion. Gee v. Gee, 314 Pa.Super. 31, 460 A.2d 358 (1983); Kozich v. Kozich, 397 Pa.Super. 463, 580 A.2d 390 (1990), app. den., 527 Pa. 635, 592 A.2d 1302 (1991).

Under the Divorce Code in effect at the time of the commencement of this case, “marital property” means all property acquired by either party during the marriage except:

(4) Property acquired after separation until the date of divorce, provided however, if the parties separate and reconcile, all property acquired subsequent to the final separation until their divorce.

23 P.S. § 401(e)(4) (repealed)1 (emphasis added).

In Platek v. Platek, 309 Pa.Super. 16, 454 A.2d 1059 (1982), this Court concluded that settlement proceeds recovered during marriage because of personal injuries sustained by one of the spouses were marital property and subject to equitable distribution. Id., 309 Pa.Super. at 21-23, 454 A.2d at 1061-1062; see also Kozich, supra. However, applying the above principles to a case in which a spouse sustained personal injuries prior to separation, but the verdict was recovered and satisfied after separation, this Court later held: “Only after an unliquidated claim for personal injuries has become liquidated by settlement, verdict or otherwise should it be deemed ‘marital property’ and become subject to distribution between the spouses.” Hurley v. Hurley, 342 Pa.Super. 156, 161, 492 A.2d 439, 442 (1985). Also see Solomon v. Solomon, 531 Pa. 113, 611 A.2d 686 (1992) (Trust fund settled on wife prior to marriage may not be considered for purpose of increase in value until the amount settled becomes vested in the wife).

[177]*177Subsequent amendment to the Divorce Code in 19882 stated that marital property does not include the increase in value, prior to separation, of “[a]ny payment received as a result of an award or settlement for any cause of action or claim which accrued prior to the marriage or after the date of final separation regardless of when the payment was received.” 28 P.S. § 401(e)(8) (emphasis added).3 “The 1988 amendment has discarded the time of liquidation as the determinative factor. We must now look to the time the cause of action accrued. 23 P.S. § 401(e)(8).” Nuhfer v. Nuhfer, 410 Pa.Super. 380, 381, 599 A.2d 1348, 1349 (1991).4

This Court, therefore, must determine whether the provisions of section 401(e)(8), as embodied in the 1988 amendments to the Divorce Code, are to be applied prospectively or retroactively. “A presumption exists in this Commonwealth that ‘[n]o statute shall construed [sic] to be retroactive unless clearly and manifestly so intended by the General Assembly.’ 1 Pa.C.S. § 1926. In fact, in the absence of clear language to the contrary, statutes must be construed to operate prospectively only.” Flick v. Flick, 408 Pa.Super. 110, 115-117, 596 A.2d 216, 219-220 (1991). A law is given retroactive effect “when it is used to impose new legal burdens on a past transaction or occurrence.” Id. However, amendatory statutes “are not to be construed as retroactive unless such a construction is so clear as to preclude all question as to the intention of the legislature.... ” DeMatteis v. DeMatteis, 399 Pa.Super. 421, 434, 582 A.2d 666, 672 (1990).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Deitrick v. Costa
M.D. Pennsylvania, 2019
Focht v. Focht
32 A.3d 668 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 2011)
Brubacher Excavating Inc. v. Commerce Bank/Harrisburg N.A.
7 Pa. D. & C.5th 173 (Lancaster County Court of Common Pleas, 2008)
Diament v. Diament
816 A.2d 256 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2003)
Commercial National Bank v. Seubert & Associates, Inc.
807 A.2d 297 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2002)
Lykins v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board
671 A.2d 253 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1996)
Keystone Coal Mining Corp. v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board
673 A.2d 418 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1996)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
615 A.2d 80, 419 Pa. Super. 172, 1992 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3337, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/budnick-v-budnick-pasuperct-1992.