Bryan Ornelas v. Department of Homeland Security

CourtMerit Systems Protection Board
DecidedMarch 21, 2025
DocketSF-0752-22-0206-I-1
StatusUnpublished

This text of Bryan Ornelas v. Department of Homeland Security (Bryan Ornelas v. Department of Homeland Security) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Merit Systems Protection Board primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bryan Ornelas v. Department of Homeland Security, (Miss. 2025).

Opinion

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

BRYAN ORNELAS, DOCKET NUMBER Appellant, SF-0752-22-0206-I-1

v.

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND DATE: March 21, 2025 SECURITY, Agency.

THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

Anthony Maielli , Imperial, California, for the appellant.

Douglas M. Weisband , Esquire, and Dennis Brady , Esquire, San Diego, California, for the appellant.

Nelson Wong , Esquire, San Diego, California, for the agency.

BEFORE

Henry J. Kerner, Vice Chairman Cathy A. Harris, Member

1 A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders, but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c). 2

FINAL ORDER

The agency has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which reversed the appellant’s removal from Federal service and found that the appellant proved that his race and national origin were motivating factors in the removal action. For the reasons discussed below, we GRANT the agency’s petition for review. We AFFIRM the administrative judge’s findings that the agency proved its charge by preponderant evidence and that the appellant failed to prove his age discrimination affirmative defense. We REVERSE the administrative judge’s findings that the agency failed to prove nexus and that the appellant proved that the agency was motivated by his race and national origin in proposing his removal. We FIND instead that the appellant did not prove that the removal decision was motivated by race and national origin discrimination, and we VACATE the administrative judge’s but-for findings in this regard. We also FIND that the appellant failed to prove his affirmative defense of harmful procedural error. We further FIND that the penalty of removal is reasonable, and we SUSTAIN the removal action.

DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW The appellant, a Border Patrol Agent (BPA) with the agency’s Customs and Border Protection (CBP), was removed from Federal service for one charge of failure to maintain a condition of employment after his driver’s license was suspended for 1 year. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 30, Initial Decision (ID) at 2. The administrative judge held a hearing. IAF, Tab 29, Hearing Recording; Hearing Transcript (HT). In the initial decision, the administrative judge found that the agency proved its charge by preponderant evidence. ID at 11-12. He found, however, that the agency failed to prove that the appellant’s removal would promote the efficiency of the service, i.e., nexus, and he therefore reversed the appellant’s removal. ID at 13-15. He also found that the appellant proved that his race and national origin were motivating factors in the agency’s decision 3

to propose his removal but not a but-for cause of the agency’s decision to sustain the proposed removal. ID at 16-24. The administrative judge found that the appellant failed to prove his age discrimination affirmative defense. Id. The agency has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, the appellant has filed a response, and the agency has filed a reply. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tabs 1, 3-4. Neither party has challenged the administrative judge’s finding that the agency proved its charge of failure to maintain a condition of employment, and we find no basis to disturb it.

The agency proved nexus. Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 7513(a), an agency may remove an employee only for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the service. To satisfy that requirement, the agency must show by preponderant evidence that there is a nexus between the misconduct and the work of the agency, i.e., that the employee’s misconduct is likely to have an adverse impact on the agency’s performance of its functions. Brown v. Department of the Navy, 229 F.3d 1356, 1358 (Fed. Cir. 2000). In finding that the agency failed to prove nexus, the administrative judge considered that, even without a valid driver’s license, which was indisputably required for the appellant’s position, he was able to perform most of the duties that he was performing prior to the license suspension. ID at 14-15. He also found that, considering the agency’s need for BPAs, it was in the agency’s interest to retain the appellant to perform limited duties rather than remove him. ID at 14-15. We disagree. The Board has consistently found that an adverse action based on an employee’s failure to maintain a requirement of his position, such as a license, promotes the efficiency of the service. E.g., Dieter v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 2022 MSPB 32, ¶ 6 n.2 (declining to disturb the administrative judge’s finding that the agency proved nexus in connection with the employee’s failure to maintain a condition of employment); Penland v. Department of the Interior, 4

115 M.S.P.R. 474, ¶ 11 (2010) (“Because the appellant needed a pilot authorization in order to perform the duties of his position, we find that the agency has established both the reasonableness of its decision to remove the appellant and the requisite nexus between the appellant’s loss of his authorization and the efficiency of the service.”); Adams v. Department of the Army, 105 M.S.P.R. 50, ¶ 19 (2007) (finding that, because the appellant failed to maintain his access to the agency’s computer system, which was a condition of his employment, the agency established both the reasonableness of its decision to remove the appellant and nexus), aff’d, 273 F. App’x 947 (Fed. Cir. 2008). The agency’s initial placement of the appellant on administrative duties following the license suspension, which continued for 5 months until he was removed, did not obligate it to continue accommodating him and did not preclude the agency from taking adverse action. See Benally v. Department of the Interior, 71 M.S.P.R. 537, 540 (1996) (affirming a removal action for failure to maintain a condition of employment and finding that the fact that the agency initially accommodated the appellant’s inability to drive for a few months did not obligate it to continue to accommodate him until his license was returned a year later). In the initial decision, the administrative judge found that the Board’s decision in Benally created a requirement that, if an agency chooses to initially accommodate an employee who fails to maintain a condition of employment, it must show that continued accommodation would create an undue burden before proposing disciplinary action. ID at 15. We believe his reading of Benally is too stringent, and we do not agree that it creates such a strict test to be universally applied when an agency proposes to remove an employee for failing to maintain a valid driver’s license after an initial period of accommodation. We also disagree with the administrative judge that the 1-year term of the suspension, rather than an indefinite suspension, requires a finding that the agency did not prove nexus. ID at 15. The Board has previously affirmed an appellant’s removal for failure to maintain a condition of employment in connection with a 1-year driver’s license 5

suspension. See Benally, 71 M.S.P.R. at 540; Shoffner v. Department of the Interior, 9 M.S.P.R. 265 (1981).

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Bryan Ornelas v. Department of Homeland Security, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bryan-ornelas-v-department-of-homeland-security-mspb-2025.