Brown v. State

574 S.W.2d 501
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedNovember 27, 1978
DocketNo. KCD29713
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 574 S.W.2d 501 (Brown v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Brown v. State, 574 S.W.2d 501 (Mo. Ct. App. 1978).

Opinion

SHANGLER, Presiding Judge.

This appeal comes from denial of a Rule 27.26 motion to vacate judgment and sentences of two consecutive terms of fifteen years on counts of rape and sodomy. The direct appeal from the convictions was upheld by this court in State v. Brown, 525 S.W.2d 565 (Mo.App.1975) but the cause was remanded for resentence under the principle of State v. Baker, 524 S.W.2d 122 (Mo.banc 1975) that whether sentences for convictions of multiple offenses shall be made to run consecutively or concurrently is a matter of discretion of the trial court and not of mandatory rule. On remand, consecutive sentences were once again imposed.

At the hearing, the movant alleged eleven grounds for vacation of the judgments, all of which were ruled adversely to contentions. He appeals from seven of the rulings and, additionally, by supplemental brief asserts two criticisms of the conduct of counsel on the Rule 27.26 hearing. The rule, by the very terms, intends only a means to attack a criminal conviction and limits the remedy to test the validity of the sentence entered upon the conviction. A petition under Rule 27.26 asserts a claim of right to release because the sentence was imposed in violation of law. The contentions of a movant that the conduct of counsel at the trial for the criminal offense deprived him of effective representation, of course, assert infraction of the Sixth Amendment right to have assistance of counsel for defense to a criminal prosecution and comes within the efficacy of the rule. The contentions of a movant, however, that counsel at a Rule 27.26 proceeding was ineffective does not attack conduct in a criminal case nor a defect in the original conviction or sentence and so is beyond the scope of the remedy. Neal v. State, 569 S.W.2d 388, 389[2-5] (Mo.App.1978); McCormick v. State, 502 S.W.2d 324, 326[2, 3] (Mo.1973).

The contention of error which remains relates to seven instances of lapses in the effectiveness of trial counsel in the conduct of the defense which, all considered, demonstrate an unfair conviction to be redressed by vacation of sentence and grant of new trial. Johnson v. State of Missouri, 516 S.W.2d 500, 501[2] (Mo.App.1974).

The first incidence of complaint relates to failure of counsel to object to the numerical insufficiency of the venire from which the jury was drawn. There was no evidence produced on this contention at the evidentiary hearing on the motion and the record does not otherwise bear on that matter. The determination by the trial court that the movant failed his burden of proof on that issue is affirmed. McCrary v. State, 529 S.W.2d 467, 470[1, 2] (Mo.App.1975).

The second contention relates to failure of trial counsel to object to certain hearsay testimony by a police officer that [503]*503the victim had identified the defendant at a lineup. That colloquy came into evidence during examination by the prosecutor of Detective Steen who conducted the lineup. In response to the question: “And without telling me who, was Mrs. Berry [the victim] able to make an identification?” The officer answered, “Yes sir, she positively identified the defendant.” The apparent purpose of this evidence was to corroborate the testimony of Mrs. Berry that defendant was the person who had ravished her, offered for the truth of the matter asserted, and although unresponsive to the question, was nevertheless hearsay. On the direct appeal of conviction, the defendant raised the issue as plain error, but that contention was denied by this court. State v. Brown, supra, 525 S.W.2d l.c. 567[3]. Whether the lapse constituted ineffective assistance of counsel remains another matter.

We note that trial counsel was summoned as a witness at the Rule 27.26 hearing but not interrogated as to his purpose to let the testimony go by without objection. However, undiscerned or improbable, the failure to object may have been an intentional strategy, but that should not be a matter for our speculation when that determination was discoverable but neglected at the hearing on the motion. We do not rest our rejection of this issue on that basis altogether. The record shows independent evidence that the victim identified the defendant at a lineup. The nature of the encounter was such that the victim and assailant were in the company of the other for more than half an hour and in the most intimate circumstances. The identification of the defendant by the victim was both positive and detailed and thoroughly described the features of the assailant as well as his garb. This identification was corroborated by the reception as an exhibit of a distinctive pair of shoes described independently by the victim as those worn by her attacker and seized from the person of the defendant upon his arrest on the day of the event.

The hearsay evidence given by Detective Steen, therefore, was only corroborative of the identification firmly made by the victim and was not otherwise of the quality, all the evidence considered, calculated to “tip the scales against the defendant” — and so prejudicial. State v. Degraffenreid, 477 S.W.2d 57, 64, 65[14-15] (Mo.banc 1972). The evidence of guilt was sufficiently strong and the identification of the defendant as the culprit sufficiently confirmed independently that even were failure to object to the hearsay identification testimony evidence of ineffective counsel, the error was harmless. Morris v. State, 547 S.W.2d 827, 829[5] (Mo.App.1976).

The third contention involves a question of fact ruled by the trial court against the movant on disputed evidence and so finally resolved against him. The defendant contended that trial counsel failed to interview or undertake to locate witnesses for his alibi defense. Counsel testified that he did indeed investigate and consult with all witnesses made known to him, that his investigators attempted to find the solitary witness not interviewed, but without avail. The trial court determination of that fact issue against the movant was on substantial evidence and will not be disturbed. Murphy v. Carron, 536 S.W.2d 30 (Mo.banc 1976).

The fourth instance of ineffectiveness of counsel is asserted as the failure to object to the display to the jury of the arrest records of the defendant. This contention is utterly without basis in the evidence both at the trial and at the post-conviction proceeding. The trial court ruled properly that the movant had failed his burden on the issue.

The fifth contention fails for the same reason: no evidence was adduced to support the claim that trial counsel was ineffective for failure to object to communication during the criminal proceedings by the prosecu-trix with “another potential prosecutrix.” Whatever may be the prejudicial import of that assertion, it bears no relation to the trial as disclosed by the record.

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Related

Shepherd v. State
637 S.W.2d 801 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1982)
State v. Brown
633 S.W.2d 301 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1982)
Adail v. State
612 S.W.2d 6 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1980)
Barton v. State
586 S.W.2d 819 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1979)

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Bluebook (online)
574 S.W.2d 501, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/brown-v-state-moctapp-1978.