Brewen v. Leachman

657 S.W.2d 698, 1983 Mo. App. LEXIS 3487
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedAugust 9, 1983
DocketNos. 44468, 44469
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 657 S.W.2d 698 (Brewen v. Leachman) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Brewen v. Leachman, 657 S.W.2d 698, 1983 Mo. App. LEXIS 3487 (Mo. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinions

STEPHAN, Judge.

Defendants appeal a judgment rendering invalid a land tax sale for nonpayment of real property taxes. We affirm.

Plaintiff, Treva Brewen, bought the property at issue with her husband, Rolla Brewen, in 1954. Mr. Brewen died in 1973. The property is located at what is now 18626 Olive Street Road in Chesterfield, St. Louis County. The 1954 deed in the names of Treva and Rolla Brewen described the property as being comprised of two contiguous parcels, one 1.42 acres and another 1 [700]*700acre in size. The deed of trust on the property was held by First National Bank until 1974. Until that time, the Bank received and paid out of an escrow account all the real property taxes on the property. The Bank each year received three separate real property tax bills for the Brewen property since, for some reason, the Assessor’s office had divided the Brewen land into three taxable portions and assigned different locator numbers to each. In 1974 the deed of trust was repaid, and the Bank asked the Collector that tax bills no longer be sent to it. It was at this point that an error was made by the Collector’s office. The Collector’s office noted an address for only the one acre portion of the property on which the Brewen house was located. The other two portions were categorized by the Collector’s office as non-mailable and were entered into the data processing system as such. Thereafter, no bills were mailed for those parcels.

For the years 1975-79, Mrs. Brewen received a single real property tax bill. She believed that the single bill was for her entire property, and each year she paid the bill. Notices of sale for nonpayment of real property taxes were first published in the St. Louis Countian, a newspaper of general circulation, in 1978 for delinquent taxes for the years 1975,1976, and 1977. There were no bidders at this sale nor at the 1979 sale which added 1978 as a delinquent year. The 1978 and 1979 notices both listed the property as two parcels and named Treva Brewen and Rolla Brewen as owners.

On November 14, 1979 Treva Brewen quitclaimed the entire property to her children, Carol, Ronnie, and James Brewen, plaintiffs herein, reserving a life estate in herself. This deed bore the address of the property and was recorded.

In July 1980 the notices for the third and final sale were published in the St. Louis Countian. The notices named only Treva Brewen and still described two parcels composed of 1 and .42 acres for which a total of $290.24 and $100.54 respectively in real property taxes for 1975-79 were due.

In August 1980 defendant Bernard Fein-stein purchased the property at the foreclosure sale for a total price of $4,970. At Feinstein’s direction, two Collector’s deeds were executed in the name of Elbert Ewing. At trial, Feinstein testified that Elbert Ewing was his “nominee.” Mr. Fein-stein, who described himself as “a real estate dealer,” explained that, with respect to subsequent sales, “it is so much easier as far as the sale to, to represent someone else. You have more leeway in negotiation .... ” The parties stipulated at trial that Fein-stein, not Elbert Ewing, was the “actual owner” of the property. In September 1980 an unrecorded quitclaim deed conveyed the property from Elbert Ewing to Bernard Feinstein and his wife Beatrice Feinstein.

When Mrs. Brewen discovered in September that her property had been sold for taxes she brought this action, joined by her children, to set aside the foreclosure sale as invalid and she tendered the total bid price to the court. The trial court entered judgment for the plaintiffs holding that the sale was invalid and the Collector’s deeds and any subsequent conveyances were void.

Defendants’ first allegation of error attacks the trial court’s ruling that the 1980 notices of sale were insufficient since they failed to include the names of the Brewen children who were record owners by virtue of the 1979 quitclaim deed from Mrs. Brewen. At the outset we note that we give deference to the trial court’s finding that the names and address on this deed were available or should have been available to the Collector’s office in time for the 1979 tax records. Murphy v. Carron, 536 S.W.2d 30, 32 (Mo.banc 1976).

The applicable statute is Section 140.150-2, RSMo 1978, which provides in part: “No real property shall be sold for state, county or city taxes without judicial proceedings, unless the notice of sale contains the names of all record owners thereof, or the names of all owners appearing on the land tax book and all other information required by law.”

Defendants make much of the fact that Treva Brewen alone was listed on the “land [701]*701tax book. However, defendants overlook the fact that the land tax book contemplated in 1945 when this language was added to the statute was not the “land tax book” used in the Collector’s office in 1979. Ninety-nine percent of the Collector’s records at that time were computerized. The computer purportedly keeps a continuous record of the transactions of the office; and the permanent record, the “land tax book,” is merely a summary printed by the computer at the end of the Collector’s fiscal year in February. Given the technology in use in 1979, the failure of the July 1980 notices of sale to include the names of the Brewen children is, at the very least, a serious irregularity. Had Mrs. Brewen’s deed found its way into the tax book, as the trial court held it should have, the chances of her learning of the sale would have been increased since the notice would have included the names of her children and a déscription of the land with its proper address.

We do not rely on this fact alone to affirm the trial court, however. The minimum requirements of § 140.150-2, supra, were met: Mrs. Brewen’s name was the only name on the land tax book, and it was included in the notices.

Rather, viewing the matter as did the court of equity below, we agree that the facts of this case give rise to an estoppel in pais by reason of the Collector’s practice of sending to Mrs. Brewen one bill for real estate tax. In spite of the fact that such bill represented the taxes due on only a portion of her real property, Mrs. Brewen relied upon it as an assertion by the Collector of all tax due upon all of her real estate. In so holding, we are fully cognizant of the opinion of this Court in the case of Elbert Ewing v. Lockhart, 641 S.W.2d 835 (Mo.App.1982), the facts of which bear surface similarity to those of the instant case. In Lockhart, as here, Mr. Ewing obtained a Collector’s deed to a parcel of real estate at a sale occasioned by tax delinquency. Ewing initiated a suit to quiet title, and Lock-hart counterclaimed for equitable relief to set aside the deed. The trial court quieted title in favor of Ewing and denied relief on the counterclaim. This Court affirmed.

On appeal, Lockhart claimed error based on the fact that after purchasing two contiguous, but separately assessed, parcels of property in 1972 and paying taxes on them, he thereafter received one tax bill from the Collector in each subsequent year and paid it, believing that the two parcels had been combined. In fact, they had not been combined. The annual bills for one parcel were sent to Lockhart at his correct address, and he paid them. The bills for the parcel later sold for the delinquency were sent to an incorrect address and were neither received nor paid.

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Related

Westhouse v. Ray
207 S.W.3d 132 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2006)
Mayer v. Clifford
713 S.W.2d 55 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1986)
Brewen v. Leachman
686 S.W.2d 865 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1985)

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Bluebook (online)
657 S.W.2d 698, 1983 Mo. App. LEXIS 3487, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/brewen-v-leachman-moctapp-1983.