Brandon Rashad Burton v. State

Court of Appeals of Texas·Decided August 5, 2019·No. 05-18-00608-CR·Published

Opinion

Affirmed as Modified; Opinion Filed August 5, 2019.

In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-18-00608-CR No. 05-18-00609-CR No. 05-18-00610-CR

BRANDON RASHAD BURTON, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee

On Appeal from the 291st Judicial District Court Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause Nos. F17-00846-U, F17-55788-U, and F16-51151-U

MEMORANDUM OPINION Before Justices Myers, Molberg, and Carlyle Opinion by Justice Myers These are appeals from a judgment of conviction for evading arrest or

detention (with a prior evading arrest conviction);1 a judgment of conviction for

assault family violence by impeding breath/circulation;2 and a judgment adjudicating

guilt for the offense of evading arrest or detention with a motor vehicle.3 In three

issues, appellant contends the judgments should be reformed in various ways, and

1 05-18-00608-CR/F17-00846-U 2 05-18-00609-CR/F17-55788-U 3 05-18-00610-CR/F16-51151-U the State has brought six cross-points requesting further modifications of the

judgments. As modified, we affirm the trial court’s judgments.4

BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

In 2016, pursuant to a plea agreement, appellant pleaded no contest and

judicially confessed to the offense of evading arrest or detention with a motor

vehicle.5 See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 38.04(a), (b)(2)(A). He also pleaded true to

the enhancement paragraph alleging a prior felony conviction for possession of a

controlled substance with intent to deliver.

With the enhancement paragraph, the third degree felony offense was elevated

to a second degree felony and a punishment range of not more than twenty years or

less than two, and a fine not to exceed $10,000. See id. §§ 12.33(a), 12.42(a),

38.04(b)(2)(A). The plea agreement also provided that appellant would be placed

on deferred adjudication community supervision for three years and a $1,000 fine

would be “probated.” The trial court accepted appellant’s pleas and, at another

hearing held two weeks later, placed appellant on deferred adjudication community

supervision for three years and ordered a $1,000 fine.

4 On March 12, 2019, the State filed an unopposed motion to abate these appeals. This motion asked us to abate the appeals

and return them to the trial court for an explicit finding on whether appellant had the trial court’s permission to appeal. Because of ambiguity in the records, we granted the State’s motion in part and ordered the trial court to conduct a hearing to determine whether appellant pleaded guilty pursuant to plea bargain agreements; whether appellant waived his right to appeal as part of the agreements; and whether appellant was sentenced in accordance with the plea bargain agreements. The trial court found, among other things, that appellant had pleaded guilty and/or true pursuant to plea bargain agreements with the State and that the court granted appellant permission to appeal in each case. See, e.g., TEX. R. APP. P. 25.2(a)(2); Hargesheimer v. State, 182 S.W.3d 906, 912 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006); Radford v. State, No. 05–18–00764–CR, 2018 WL 6616896, at *1 (Tex. App.––Dallas Dec. 18, 2018, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). Based on the trial court’s findings, we concluded in an order signed on April 10, 2019, that appellant had the right to appeal in all three cases, and we reinstated the appeals. 5 05–18–00610–CR/F16–51151–U

–2– In 2017, while on community supervision for the 2016 evading arrest offense,

appellant committed two additional offenses: a family violence assault involving

impeding breath/circulation, and another evading arrest offense. See id. §§ 22.01(b–

2); 38.04(a), (b)(1). The State filed a motion to adjudicate appellant’s guilt in the

2016 evading arrest offense, and the State’s motion ultimately alleged as grounds

the family violence assault,6 the 2017 evading arrest offense,7 three more offenses,

and six other violations of the terms of deferred adjudication. Appellant negotiated

plea agreements where he received concurrent sentences in all three cases and a six-

year cap on his incarceration in the 2016 evading arrest and the family violence

assault cases.

The trial court held a hearing where it adjudicated all three cases. Appellant

pleaded true to the allegations in the motion to adjudicate in the 2016 evading arrest

case. He also pleaded guilty to the family violence assault indictment and true to the

punishment enhancement, and guilty to the 2017 evading arrest indictment. The

court assessed five-year sentences in the 2016 evading arrest and the family violence

assault cases, and a six-month sentence in the 2017 evading arrest case, with all of

the sentences to be served concurrently.

6 05-18-00609-CR/F17-55788-U 7 05-18-00608-CR/F17-00846-U

–3– DISCUSSION

1. Appellant’s Post-Submission Motion to Dismiss

After the State’s brief was filed and following the submission of these cases,

appellant filed a motion based on rule 42.2(a) of the rules of appellate procedure for

the voluntary dismissal of these appeals. See TEX. R. APP. P. 42.2(a) (providing in

part that “[a]t any time before the appellate court’s decision, the appellate court may

dismiss the appeal upon the appellant’s motion.”).

The State’s response argues in part that our jurisdiction has been invoked and

the parties’ briefs have called our attention to various errors in the judgments––errors

we have duty to address. See Asberry v. State, 813 S.W.2d 526, 531 (Tex. App.––

Dallas 1991, pet. ref’d) (“For an appellate court to ignore its duty to correct the

record to speak the truth when the matter has been called to its attention by any

source, and when it has the necessary data to do so, and to force a later nunc pro tunc

proceeding in the trial court ensuring the possibility of another appeal in the same

case, as happened here, does nothing to aid judicial economy.”). The State also urges

us to exercise our discretion under rule 42.2 and deny appellant’s motion so as to not

encourage the “opportunistic squandering of judicial resources.” The State points

out that rule 42.2 merely provides that we “may” dismiss the appeals. See TEX. R.

APP. P. 42.2(a). The use of the word “may” indicates discretionary authority. See

TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 311.016(1) (“‘May’ creates discretionary authority or

grants permission or a power.”). –4– Appellant’s brief in the above appeals requested certain modifications of the

judgments. The State’s response agreed with several of the requested modifications,

disputed another, and brought six cross-points seeking additional modifications of

the judgments. These cases were submitted on the briefs approximately one month

later, and they had been submitted for approximately two weeks when appellant filed

his rule 42.2 motion to dismiss. We agree with the State that dismissing the appeals

now would risk the needless consumption of judicial resources because the parties

could still move for judgments nunc pro tunc in the trial court, and after the court

held a hearing on those motions, ruled on them, and issued judgments nunc pro tunc,

appellant would have a right to appeal to this Court again from the nunc pro tunc

judgments. See Guthrie-Nail v. State, 543 S.W.3d 225, 227 (Tex.

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