Boyer v. Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc.

805 S.W.2d 187, 1991 Mo. App. LEXIS 60, 1991 WL 528
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJanuary 8, 1991
DocketNo. WD 41579
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 805 S.W.2d 187 (Boyer v. Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Boyer v. Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc., 805 S.W.2d 187, 1991 Mo. App. LEXIS 60, 1991 WL 528 (Mo. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

TURNAGE, Judge.

Dr. Philip A. Boyer sued Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc. and Vada Mae Eder for tortious interference with a contract. In a trial held in 1987, the jury awarded Boyer $340 in actual damages and $300,000 in punitive damages against Grandview and $30,000 in punitive damages against Eder. Grandview and Eder filed a motion for new trial or judgment notwithstanding the verdict and the trial court granted a new trial.

On appeal to this court the grant of a new trial was reversed and the cause was remanded with directions to reinstate the verdict and to enter judgment in conformity with the pleadings.1 Boyer v. Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc., 759 S.W.2d 230 (Mo.App.1988). (Boyer I).

On remand, the trial court entered judgment on the verdict except that it entered judgment for a total of $130,000 in punitive damages because the court found that was the extent of the prayer for punitive damages. Grandview and Eder appealed following the entry of that judgment. That appeal eventually went to the supreme court which remanded the case to this court with directions to consider the contentions raised by Grandview and Eder that Boyer had failed to make a submissive case and that the imposition of punitive damages was unconstitutional because such damages were imposed in violation of the constitutional right to due process of law. Boyer v. Grandview Manor Care Center, Inc., 793 S.W.2d 346 (Mo. banc 1990). {Boyer II). This case is now before this court on the issues of submissibility of Boyer’s case, the constitutionality of imposition of punitive damages and the correctness of the entry of judgment for $130,000 punitive damages. Affirmed as modified.

Boyer was a physician who in his later years established a geriatric practice. He had a number of patients in various nursing homes and because of that had become acquainted with Eder who was an RN and a nursing home administrator. When Grandview opened, Boyer recommended Eder to be the administrator and she was hired. Boyer was named the medical director of Grandview.

Boyer testified that by state regulations each nursing home is required to have a medical director who is a physician. The medical director sits on various committees having to do with patient management in the nursing home and also serves as an advisor to the director of nursing and the administrator of the home about any problems which have medical implications.

Boyer testified that state regulations also require that each patient in a nursing home have a personal physician. He stated [189]*189that frequently physicians who have treated a person who goes to a nursing home do not want to follow the person in the nursing home and for that reason many patients do not have a physician when they enter the home. Boyer stated that in those instances the nursing home would recommend a physician which would usually be the medical director, or as was sometimes referred to, the house physician. Boyer drew a distinction between the nursing home medical director, or house physician, and the attending physician. The duties of the medical director are described above and the attending physician is the personal physician of the patient. Although the medical director, or house physician, may be the attending physician for many patients in a nursing home, it is not uncommon for other physicians to have patients in a nursing home.

Boyer testified that in early 1983, his services as attending physician for a large number of patients in Grandview were terminated by family members of the patients. Boyer knew of no reason for this but suspected that Eder’s attitude toward him had changed. In April 1983, Boyer wrote a letter to Eder and told her that he was resigning as house physician and medical advisor, but stated that he intended to continue as the attending physician “for any loyal patients who wished to remain under my professional care until he was notified by the family that they desired to discharge him.”

This case was submitted on a single incident of tortious interference. Boyer was the attending physician for Elizabeth Clegg and Rebecca Estes was an LPN who was taking care of Clegg. Estes testified that Clegg developed an upper respiratory infection and she told Boyer, who ordered some new medication. Estes stated Clegg got worse over the weekend and when Estes returned to work on Monday morning she told Eder that she was going to notify Boyer of the change in Clegg’s condition. She testified that Eder told her that was not necessary and for Estes to get the family on the telephone and “we’ll change physicians.”

Estes stated that she called the family and put the person on hold and requested Eder to talk to the family member. She stated that Eder told the family member that Boyer had refused to order antibiotics that was a necessary treatment for Clegg and Eder felt the family should change physicians. Estes stated that Boyer had not refused to order antibiotics. The family immediately discharged Boyer as the attending physician for Clegg. The daughter of Clegg testified by deposition that someone from Grandview had called her and said that Boyer refused to order antibiotics for her mother and she discharged him as her mother’s physician.

Eder testified that she never spoke to any family member of Clegg and denied that she had made any statement about changing physicians for Clegg.

Grandview and Eder first contend that the court erred in denying their motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict because Boyer failed to make a submissible tortious interference case. The argument contends that Boyer’s only claim was a breach of contract claim against Grandview and that Boyer failed to show the absence of justification for the alleged interference. In deciding whether Boyer made a submis-sible case this court must consider the facts in the light most favorable to Boyer. Smith v. Gravois Rest Haven, Inc., 662 S.W.2d 880, 881 — 82[1] (Mo.App.1983).

Grandview and Eder argue that Boyer’s only cause of action is a breach of contract action against Grandview. Clearly such argument is misplaced because Boyer never contended that he had a contract with Grandview which had been interfered with. Boyer testified that he had resigned as medical director, or house physician, and thus had severed any contractual relationship which he had with Grandview. The only claim made by Boyer was that Eder had tortiously interfered with his physician-patient relationship with Clegg.

Grandview and Eder also contend that whatever relationship Boyer had with Clegg was created only by Grandview’s assignment of Clegg to him as her physician. This argument flies in the face of [190]*190Eder’s own testimony in which she was asked about assigning Clegg to Boyer and she stated that assignment was not the right term. From the evidence it is clear that Grandview did not assign patients to physicians but only' recommended physicians to patients and family members. Eder in her own testimony made it clear that family members for the patients actually contracted with the physicians for the care and treatment of a patient.

The parties also contend Boyer’s relationship with Clegg was vague and indefinite.

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Bluebook (online)
805 S.W.2d 187, 1991 Mo. App. LEXIS 60, 1991 WL 528, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/boyer-v-grandview-manor-care-center-inc-moctapp-1991.