Boston Safe Deposit & Trust Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue

458 N.E.2d 345, 17 Mass. App. Ct. 326, 1983 Mass. App. LEXIS 1562
CourtMassachusetts Appeals Court
DecidedDecember 28, 1983
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 458 N.E.2d 345 (Boston Safe Deposit & Trust Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Appeals Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Boston Safe Deposit & Trust Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue, 458 N.E.2d 345, 17 Mass. App. Ct. 326, 1983 Mass. App. LEXIS 1562 (Mass. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinion

Grant, J.

The prior proceedings in this case are set out in Boston Safe Deposit & Trust Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue, 13 Mass. App. Ct. 492 (1982). After remand, the case came on for hearing in the Probate Court on the question whether that court should accept the valuation of the stock which was stated in the return which had been made by the Appellate Tax Board (board) under G. L. c. 65, § 26, as amended through St. 1961, c. 469, § 3.1 A probate judge found no error of law in the board’s findings and appraisal (see 13 Mass. App. Ct. at 495-496) and accepted the return. The plaintiff executors appealed.

1. The actual decision of the board contains no determination of value and reads simply, “Decision for the appellee,” which is the language traditionally employed by the board whenever it has not been persuaded that the administrative valuation which has been challenged by a taxpayer is excessive. The board stated in its “Findings of Fact and Report” that “the board found that the appellants failed to sustain their burden of proof that the valuation of the shares of stock by the State Tax Commission was excessive and therefore a finding for the appellee was entered.” In its “Opinion” the board said that “[b]ased upon appellants evidence the Board is of the opinion that they failed to meet their qualitative and quantitative burden of proof.” The board concluded, “It is well established that the burden of proof, [328]*328both qualitative and quantitative, in any matter before this board lies with the appellant. Where the appellant fails to sustain the burden of proof, as in this instance as to the overvaluation of the shares of corporate stock, the board must enter a finding for the appellee.” In its return the board recited that it had “appraised the property of the decedent consisting of 18,565 shares of White Consolidated Industries, Inc. $3.00 preferred Series A stock and has determined its value as of the date of her death to be $765,806.25.” That figure coincided with the valuation determined by the Commissioner of Corporations and Taxation (commissioner) which had given rise to the appeal to the board.

All this leads the plaintiffs to argue that the board has ignored the “appraisal” language of G. L. c. 65, § 26 (note 1, supra), has misconceived its function, and has proceeded on an erroneous premise, namely, that the determination of value which the commissioner had made was presumed to be correct. The argument overlooks the statement in the board’s “Opinion” that “[w]e must determine the value by the exercise of critical judgment through the application of a method which is fair and proper under all the facts and circumstances of the case.” More important, the argument overlooks the last sentence of G. L. c. 65, § 25, as amended by St. 1971, c. 555, § 58, which provides in pertinent part that the commissioner’s “determination [of value] shall be final as to all property valued . . . unless the value so determined shall be reduced or altered as provided in . . . section twenty-six.”2 Nowhere did the board rule that the evidence introduced by the plaintiffs was insufficient to warrant a finding of a lower valuation than that determined by the commissioner. In our view, the language of the board which [329]*329has already been quoted amounts to nothing more than an amalgam of (a) recognition and restatement of the § 25 allocation to the taxpayer of the burden of proof on the question of overvaluation3 and (b) the explanation for its decision which is traditionally employed by a court or administrative tribunal which has not been persuaded by the evidence offered by the party having the burden of proof.

We do not see that the plaintiffs have suffered any harm in this aspect of the case except that which necessarily flows from the board’s indulging its prerogative not to believe the plaintiffs’ only expert witness. See New Boston Garden Corp. v. Assessors of Boston, 383 Mass. 456, 469-473 (1981); Foxboro Associates v. Assessors of Foxborough, 385 Mass. 679, 690 (1982).

2. At the time of her death on March 10, 1974, the decedent owned 18,565, or approximately 8.5%, of the total number of the outstanding shares of the class of stock in question. Only 9,700 shares were traded on the New York Stock Exchange during the six-month period prior to the date of death, and only 9,400 shares were traded during the six-month period after that date. The commissioner’s valuation, which the Appellate Tax Board refused to alter, was $41.25 per share, which was based on the recorded sale of 100 shares at $41.20 on the day following the date of death. Two of the plaintiffs’ contentions at the hearing before the board were that the market was too thin to reflect the true value of the stock and that it would have been impossible to sell 18,565 shares on the date of death except at a substantial discount from the market value which would flow from any attempt to market a large block of stock at one time.

Both theses were advocated by the plaintiffs’ expert, who valued the stock at “[a]bout $34 a share.” The witness offered no explanation of how much of the difference between his $34.00 and the market’s $41.20 was attributable to “blockage.” On cross-examination the witness testified that [330]*330“anyone that bought that stock at around the date of death for $41.00 . . . was paying too much for the stock.” He also testified that on December 12, 1975, 8,000 of the shares in the estate were sold to the issuer for sinking fund purposes at either $.50 or $1.00 per share below its closing price on that day.

The penultimate paragraph of the board’s “Opinion” reads as follows: “Appellants additionally raised the argument of ‘blockage,’ wherein the sale of such a large block of stock at one time would depress the value below that for which small blocks would be selling. No evidence was admitted and therefore it need not be addressed.” The plaintiffs point to this language and urge error arising out of the board’s ignoring or overlooking the evidence which has just been summarized. We do not agree. It is clear from the testimony of the plaintiffs’ expert that blockage was only one of the factors considered by him in determining his total discount of $7.20 per share and, as has already been pointed out, the witness did not identify the portion of that discount attributable to blockage. Nor was there any effort to translate the discount of $.50 or $1.00 per share encountered on the sale of 8,000 shares some twenty-one months after the date of death into what might have been a proper discount on the sale of 18,565 shares on the date of death. In the circumstances, we read the challenged language as nothing more than a comment on the absence of any evidence from which the board could measure the blockage discount sought by the plaintiffs. That comment was both correct and innocuous.

3. Finally, the plaintiffs argue another question of similar genesis. By agreement of counsel there was submitted to the board as an exhibit a copy of a page from some unidentified edition of Moody’s Industrial Manual which contained, among many other things, something entitled “Consolidated Income Account” and something else entitled “Consolidated Balance Sheet” of the issuer for its three fiscal years ending December 31, 1974. The former carried a line denominated “Net income.” The board’s “Opinion” contains the follow[331]

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Bluebook (online)
458 N.E.2d 345, 17 Mass. App. Ct. 326, 1983 Mass. App. LEXIS 1562, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/boston-safe-deposit-trust-co-v-commissioner-of-revenue-massappct-1983.