Blanco Romano v. Capital of Puerto Rico

77 P.R. 607
CourtSupreme Court of Puerto Rico
DecidedMay 17, 1954
DocketNo. 11071
StatusPublished

This text of 77 P.R. 607 (Blanco Romano v. Capital of Puerto Rico) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Puerto Rico primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Blanco Romano v. Capital of Puerto Rico, 77 P.R. 607 (prsupreme 1954).

Opinion

Mr. Chief Justice Snyder

delivered the opinion of the Court.

In 1941 Alejandrina Blanco Romano purchased a lot of land which she sold to Luis Martínez Gelabert in 1942 for $700.15. Within a short time a controversy arose between Martínez and the Municipality because the latter claimed it owned the lot. In 1942 Martinez instituted a suit to quiet title to the lot and to require the Municipality to remove the ruins of an abandoned slaughter-house which had belonged to the Municipality and was located on the lot.

In 1943 Alejandrina Blanco and Martinez made an agreement to rescind the sale of the lot to the latter. Under this agreement Alejandrina Blanco acquired the rights and assumed the liabilities of Martinez in the suit to quiet title: The suit was tried in the former district court and a judgment was rendered in favor of the plaintiff. We reversed this judgment and entered a new judgment declaring the Municipality the owner of the lot. Martínez v. Municipality, 64 P.R.R. 153.

However, our judgment did not terminate the controversy. The former district court subsequently granted a motion filed by the plaintiff for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence. On appeal, we affirmed the order granting the new trial. The case was tried again and on the basis of the newly discovered evidence the judgment this time was in favor of the plaintiff. This judgment, which became final in 1948, provided (1) that the plaintiff owned the lot, (2) that the defendant must remove the abandoned slaughter-house thereon, and (3) that the plaintiff was awarded costs but no attorney’s fees.

We now reach the case before us. After the judgment in the suit involving title to the lot became final in 1948, Alejandrina Blanco, assisted by her husband, Lie. José Benet Colón, filed a new suit in 1949 — the .present case — against the Municipality of Río Piedras and Manuel de J. Canino [610]*610for (1) damages because the plaintiff and Martinez had allegedly been deprived of the use of the lot for a number of years, (2) the value of the earth allegedly removed from the lot by Canino and the depreciation in the value of the land which allegedly resulted therefrom, (3) attorney’s fees allegedly incurred by Alejandrina Blanco in the suit involving-title to the lot, and (4) punitive damages. Thereafter, the Capital of Puerto Rico was substituted for the Municipality of Río Piedras as the defendant pursuant to Act No. 210, Laws of Puerto Rico, 1951.

After a trial on the merits, the Superior Court entered a judgment (a) for the defendant Canino and (b) for the plaintiff against the Capital for $5,405.94, costs and attorney’s fees of $350. On the question of removal of earth from the lot, the trial court held that no damages were due the plaintiff either from Canino or from the Capital. The judgment in favor of the plaintiff against the Capital for $5,405.94 as damages was composed of the following items: (1) $1,369.20 (6% interest for 7 years — the period the trial court found the plaintiff had been deprived of the use of the lot — on-..$3,260.15, which the trial court found to be the value of the dot); ■ (2). $3,500 for the legal services of Lie. Benet in the previous suit to try title; (3) $500 as a fee paid to another attorney in the same previous suit; (4) costs of $36.74 in the said previous suit. Both the plaintiff and the Capital have appealed from the judgment of the Superior Court.1

We examine first the contention of the Capital that the trial court erred in awarding as damages in this suit attorney’s fees incurred in the previous suit to try title. If the plaintiff were of the view that she was entitled to attorney’s fees in connection with the suit involving title to the lot, she was. required to collect them within the said suit. [611]*611Indeed, as we have seen in that case the judgment of the trial court specifically provided that the plaintiff was not entitled to attorney’s fees. And the plaintiff did not appeal from that portion of the judgment, which has become final. We agree with the defendant that the plaintiff cannot now relitigate that question by filing a new suit claiming attorney’s fees under the guise of damages resulting from the controversy as to title to the lot. This is in accord with our holding in Vélez v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 59 P.R.R. 583, 587. As we pointed out in Avalo v. Cacho, 73 P.R.R. 274, 281, the cases where we have held that attorney’s fees may be recovered as damages where they were incurred to obtain the dissolution of a restraining order or an illegal attachment are distinguishable. Blanco v. Hernández et al., 19 P.R.R. 769, the only case cited by the trial court on this point, apparently involved different facts and contains no discussion of the question before us.

The same considerations which prevent a subsequent suit for attorney’s fees as damages incurred in the previous suit result in barring the present suit for costs awarded, but not collected, in the previous suit. See Rosario v. Ruiz, 63 P.R.R. 89.

The next question involves the issue of damages because the plaintiff was deprived of the use of the lot for a number of years. The Capital contends that the plaintiff is barred by the doctrine of res judicata from suing for such damages because she could have, but failed, to litigate this issue in the previous suit to try title. See Avellanet v. Porto Rican Express Co., 64 P.R.R. 660, 667; Miller v. Cía. Ron Carioca Destilería, Inc., 71 P.R.R. 662; People v. Lugo, 64 P.R.R. 529, 533; Heirs of Rivera v. Lugo, 63 P.R.R. 13; Laloma v. Fernández, 61 P.R.R. 550; Cromwell v. County of Sac, 94 U. S. 351; Méndez v. Bowie, 118 F. 2d 435 (C.A. 1, 1941). We adopted the contrary rule in Capó v. A. Hartman & Co., 57 P.R.R. 190. In this case we held that if a [612]*612plaintiff fails to join his claim for rents and profits in a revendieation suit, he is not thereby barred from bringing a subsequent suit therefor after he has obtained judgment in the revendieation suit. See also Encarnación v. Maeso, 48 P.R.R. 468; Blanco v. Hernández et al., supra. We recognize that the rule may be different in continental United States. Cf. McCaffrey v. Wiley, 230 P. 2d 152 (Cal., 1951); Hunter v. Delta Realty Co., 169 S. W. 2d 936 (Mo., 1943); Bruton v. Carolina Power & Light Co., 6 S. E. 2d 822 (N. C., 1940); United States v. Munsingwear, 340 U.S. 36; Angel v. Bullington, 330 U. S. 183; Restatement, Judgments, § 61-67, particularly Illustration 5, pp. 246-7, Comment a, p. 283, p. 239; Developments in The Law-Res Judicata, 65 Harv. L. Rev. 818, 824-831, particularly pages 827 and 829; Clark on Code Pleading, 2nd ed., 127-28, 136, 473-78; Freeman on Judgments, 5th ed., § 597, p. 1258; Scott, Collateral Estoppel by Judgment, 56 Harv. L. Rev. 1, 22-26. But, for the reasons stated in the Capó case, we adhere to our rule. The claim for damages for deprivation of the use of the land was not barred by the doctrine of res judicata

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McCaffrey v. Wiley
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77 P.R. 607, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/blanco-romano-v-capital-of-puerto-rico-prsupreme-1954.