Berdin v. State

648 So. 2d 73, 1994 WL 707266
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedDecember 21, 1994
Docket92-KA-0467
StatusPublished
Cited by44 cases

This text of 648 So. 2d 73 (Berdin v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Berdin v. State, 648 So. 2d 73, 1994 WL 707266 (Mich. 1994).

Opinion

648 So.2d 73 (1994)

Deborah BERDIN a/k/a Deborah McClinton
v.
STATE of Mississippi.

No. 92-KA-0467.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

December 21, 1994.

*75 George T. Kelly, Greenville, for appellant.

Michael C. Moore, Atty. Gen., Charles W. Maris, Jr., Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., Jackson, for appellee.

Before HAWKINS, C.J., and SULLIVAN and SMITH, JJ.

SULLIVAN, Justice, for the Court:

Deborah McClinton was charged in Cause No. 22,311 with felony shoplifting for the theft of a wedding dress in Washington County, Mississippi. Berdin appeared before the court using her maiden name, McClinton, and entered a plea of guilty on November 4, 1991. Berdin was sentenced to three years in prison, but the court suspended her sentence and placed her on probation. The court ordered Berdin to pay $250 restitution, $500 in lieu of attorney's fees, and $163.50 in court costs as conditions of her probation.

On December 17, 1991, Berdin, along with her husband, was charged with grand larceny in Cause No. 22,405 for the theft of a wedding ring. Berdin allegedly committed the offense on August 14, 1991, a few months prior to entering her plea of guilty for Cause No. 22,311. When Berdin appeared before the court on March 27, 1992 for Cause No. 22,405, she entered another plea of guilty, this time using her married name, Berdin. The trial judge explained the maximum sentence for grand larceny, and the rights Berdin would be waiving by entering a plea of guilty. Berdin affirmed that she was not threatened, coerced or under the influence of drugs. After accepting her plea of guilty, the trial judge discovered that Berdin was on probation having previously entered a plea of guilty to Cause No. 22,311 under her maiden name, McClinton. Defense counsel, Mr. Kelly, explained that he was under the impression that the state would recommend a dismissal if Berdin had abided by her conditions of probation and her husband entered a guilty plea as well. The State affirmed that Kelly's assumption was correct, but made no recommendations on the grounds that Berdin was delinquent in her probation payments. The court noted that Berdin had only paid $40 towards the cost assessed to her in the previous conviction. Berdin's probation was therefore revoked, and the trial judge announced the reinstatement of Berdin's three year sentence for the previous felony shoplifting charge. The court also sentenced her to five years imprisonment for grand larceny to run consecutive to the reinstated three years, but suspended four of those years. Mr. Kelly then moved to withdraw the plea of guilty in Cause No. 22,405, but the trial judge denied his request. The trial court entered an Order of Revocation of Probation stating that Berdin "[m]ade only one payment toward those sums ordered by the Court" in violation of probation.

On April 10, 1992, Berdin filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus for Post-Conviction Relief, claiming that her probation had been improperly revoked. Berdin charges that the revocation was in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments because there was no inquiry into her ability to make the probation payments, no Affidavit filed declaring her in violation, no notice to her that a probation revocation would be considered at the time of the plea in Cause No. 22,405, no specific payment schedule provided *76 by the probation order, and no inquiry as to whether she had made the probation payments.

The trial court held a hearing on April 17, 1992. Berdin's probation officer, Gary Odom, testified that he told Berdin she had to pay $20 a month in supervision fees. His records showed that he had not ordered any other payment schedule. Berdin testified that it was her understanding that she was to pay $20 a month, but fell behind because she had lost her job while in jail. Berdin claimed she had made $60 in payments to the probation officer contrary to the record which showed payment of only $40. Berdin also testified that she was currently seeking work so that she could afford to make her overdue payments. The trial judge then explained that it had revoked probation not because of her failure to make payments, but because she appeared before the court again and entered a plea of guilty to another crime. Defense counsel, Kelly, argued that neither he nor the District Attorney knew there were two cases against Berdin because Berdin had used different last names on each charge. On May 4, 1992, the trial judge denied Berdin's petition for post-conviction relief.

Berdin has appealed, claiming her probation revocation for Cause No. 22,311 was without due process, and that the sentence in Cause No. 22,405 was without due process because the court failed to determine whether Berdin's plea of guilty was voluntarily and intelligently entered.

STATEMENT OF THE LAW

I. Was Berdin's probation revocation in Cause No. 22,311 in violation of her due process rights?

Mississippi Code Annotated § 47-7-37 sets forth the procedure for probation revocation in this State. This statute meets the minimal requirements of due process as long as it is construed as inhering the due process requirements set forth in Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471, 92 S.Ct. 2593, 33 L.Ed.2d 484 (1972), and Gagnon v. Scarpelli, 411 U.S. 778, 93 S.Ct. 1756, 36 L.Ed.2d 656 (1973). Riely v. State, 562 So.2d 1206, 1211 (Miss. 1990); Grayson v. State, No. 91-KP-01215, slip op. 7-8, ___ So.2d ___, ___-___ (Miss. 1994). Even though § 47-7-37 does not expressly state the requirements set forth in Morrissey and Gagnon, this Court will give the statute this construction in order to save its constitutionality. Riely, 562 So.2d at 1211. Morrissey requires both a preliminary hearing and a final hearing to determine whether parole will be revoked. Morrissey, 408 U.S. at 485-90, 92 S.Ct. at 2602-05. Gagnon applied the same due process requirements of Morrissey to probation revocations. Gagnon, 411 U.S. at 782, 93 S.Ct. at 1759-60. The court must adhere to the following procedures to have a proper preliminary hearing: 1) a minimal inquiry into the alleged violation near the time and reasonably near the place of the violation so that "information is fresh" and "sources are available"; 2) a determination that "reasonable ground exists for revocation ... by someone not directly involved in the case" although they "need not be a judicial officer"; 3) notice of the hearing and a statement that the purpose is to determine if there is probable cause to believe a violation has been committed; 4) "the notice should state what ... violations have been alleged"; 5) the defendant should be allowed to bring all relevant information and to "speak in his own behalf"; 6) the defendant may request that the people who have given information on which revocation is based be questioned in his presence; 7) the hearing officer shall prepare a summary of the responses of the defendant or evidence in support of the defendant's case; 8) the hearing officer shall determine whether there is probable cause to "hold the [defendant] for the final decision"; and, 9) the decision maker should express the grounds for holding the defendant for a final determination. Riely, 562 So.2d at 1210 (citing Morrissey, 408 U.S. at 485-87, 92 S.Ct. at 2602-03).

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Bluebook (online)
648 So. 2d 73, 1994 WL 707266, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/berdin-v-state-miss-1994.