Bell v. White

77 A.D.3d 1241, 909 N.Y.S.2d 798
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedOctober 28, 2010
StatusPublished
Cited by14 cases

This text of 77 A.D.3d 1241 (Bell v. White) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bell v. White, 77 A.D.3d 1241, 909 N.Y.S.2d 798 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

Peters, J.P.

Appeals (1) from an order of the Supreme Court (Tomlinson, J.), entered May 28, 2009 in Albany County, which, among other things, denied plaintiffs motion to set aside an appraisal of his shares of defendant Norpco Restaurant, Inc., and (2) from an order of said court, entered February 2, 2010 in Albany County, which awarded defendants counsel fees.

[1242]*1242The underlying facts of this action are fully set forth in a prior decision of this Court (Bell v White, 55 AD3d 1211 [2008]). Briefly stated, defendant David R. White agreed to purchase plaintiffs 20 shares of stock in defendant Norpco Restaurant, Inc. pursuant to a 2005 stipulation of settlement. The stipulation provided that plaintiff and White were to each select an appraiser to assess the fair market value of the shares and, if the respective appraisers could not agree on a common value, a third appraiser would be selected whose valuation of the stock would be binding. Shortly after entering into the stipulation, plaintiff sought to set it aside; Supreme Court denied plaintiffs motion and granted defendants’ motion to enforce the stipulation. In the years that followed, plaintiff again unsuccessfully moved to set aside the stipulation and was twice found in contempt for violating orders requiring his compliance with its terms.

Following plaintiffs unsuccessful appeals {id.), the parties’ respective appraisers, having failed to reach an agreement as to the fair market value of plaintiffs shares, agreed to the selection of Chris Mellen as the third appraiser. Mellen submitted an appraisal determining that the fair market value of the subject stock was $150,000. Thereafter, by orders to show cause, plaintiff moved to set aside Mellen’s appraisal and defendants sought a hearing for the determination of, among other things, an award of counsel fees based on plaintiffs prior contemptuous conduct. At a hearing on the motions, Supreme Court denied plaintiffs motion to set aside the appraisal and, with respect to defendants’ application, the parties agreed to submit affidavits and documentary evidence on the issue of which counsel fees defendants were entitled to recover, with plaintiff reserving his right to a hearing on the reasonableness of such fees. Supreme Court ultimately awarded defendants counsel fees in the amount of $64,205.55. Plaintiff now appeals from both the order upholding the appraisal and the order awarding counsel fees.

Plaintiff argues that the appraisal should have been set aside since Mellen improperly appraised the shares according to their fair market value, rather than fair value, and erroneously applied a minority discount. It is well settled that a “stipulation of settlement is a contract subject to the principles of contract interpretation” (H.K.S. Hunt Club v Town of Claverack, 222 AD2d 769, 769 [1995], lv denied 89 NY2d 804 [1996]; see Corrigan v Breen, 241 AD2d 861, 863 [1997]). Where its terms are clear and unambiguous, “ ‘the parties’ intent is to be gleaned from the language of the agreement and whatever may be reasonably implied therefrom’ ” (Dudick v Gulyas, 4 AD3d 604, 606 [2004], [1243]*1243quoting H.K.S. Hunt Club v Town of Claverack, 222 AD2d at 769; see Raymond Corp. v National Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, Pa., 46 AD3d 1251, 1253 [2007]; Mayefsky v Mayefsky, 184 AD2d 954, 955 [1992], appeal dismissed 80 NY2d 924 [1992]).

With respect to Mellen’s use of fair market value in appraising the shares, the stipulation plainly states that, in the event that the parties’ respective appraisers are unable to agree on the “fair market value” of plaintiffs shares, they would agree upon a third appraiser to determine the “fair market value” of such shares. Indeed, Mellen explicitly stated in his report that, “[i]n accordance with the Stipulation, the applicable standard of value ... is fair market value,” and then went on to define the term pursuant to applicable regulations. Although plaintiff argues that it is “readily apparent” that the parties were contemplating a “fair value” standard since that standard is traditionally utilized in determining the value of shares of a closely-held corporation, “our sole function here is to interpret the stipulation of settlement and glean the intent of the parties from the plain language of the stipulation” (Mayefsky v Mayefsky, 184 AD2d at 955). As the stipulation unambiguously calls for a determination of the fair market value of plaintiffs shares, plaintiffs contrary interpretation of the parties’ intent must be rejected.

We next address plaintiffs assertion that the appraisal must be set aside because Mellen erroneously applied a minority discount in determining the value of the stock. Relying on Matter of Friedman v Beway Realty Corp. (87 NY2d 161 [1995]), plaintiff contends that the application of a minority discount in the context of a closely-held corporation is contrary to law. That decision, however, addressed the propriety of applying a minority discount in determining the “fair value” of the shares of dissenting minority shareholders in a close corporation in a proceeding pursuant to the Business Corporation Law (id. at 167-169). Here, the principles enunciated in Friedman are not controlling since the sale of plaintiffs shares was not effectuated in a proceeding pursuant to the Business Corporation Law, and the parties neither agreed that the valuation of the shares would be made in accordance with the standards of the Business Corporation Law nor did they stipulate that the shares would be valued according to “fair value.”

Plaintiff also argues that there was no factual basis for Mellen’s application of a lack of control discount to his shares because, pursuant to Norpco’s preincorporation agreement, all corporate decisions require unanimous approval of the share[1244]*1244holders. Although plaintiff is correct that this provision of the preincororation agreement provides a minority shareholder with some level of control—i.e., the ability to unilaterally veto important corporate decisions—a minority shareholder under these circumstances nonetheless still lacks the power to unilaterally direct and compel corporate activity (see Theophilos v Commissioner Internal Revenue Serv., 85 F3d 440, 449-450 [9th Cir 1996]).

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Bluebook (online)
77 A.D.3d 1241, 909 N.Y.S.2d 798, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bell-v-white-nyappdiv-2010.