Beaver v. City of Federal Way

301 F. App'x 704

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
• Decided: November 25, 2008
• Docket: No. 07-35814
• Status: Published

Opinions

MEMORANDUM

**

The district court found that City of Federal Way police officers Douglas Laird and Heather Castro were entitled to qualified immunity for tasing appellant Ricky Beaver five times during his arrest on August 27, 2004. The court found there was no clearly established law on August 27, 2004, that tasing an arrestee who was suspected of a serious crime, had attempted to flee from officers, and continued to be non-compliant was unconstitutional. We affirm.

An officer is entitled to qualified immunity when his or her conduct is not a violation of an arrestee’s clearly established rights. Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982). Those rights must be so clearly established at the time of an alleged violation that it would be “clear to a reasonable officer that his [or her] conduct was unlawful.” Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194, 202, 121 S.Ct. 2151, 150 L.Ed.2d 272 (2001). This standard can be established in two ways: (1) by showing that there is clearly established law putting officers on notice that their conduct is unlawful, Hope v. Pelzer, 536 U.S. 730, 741,122 S.Ct. 2508, 153 L.Ed.2d 666 (2002); or (2) by showing that the officer’s conduct was a patently offensive violation of an existing right, Cunningham v. Gates, 229 F.3d 1271, 1290 (9th Cir.2000).

Here, there was no clearly established law on August 27, 2004, to put a reasonable officer on notice that tasing an arrestee who was suspected of a serious crime, had attempted to flee from officers, and continued to be non-compliant was unconstitutional. Additionally, the officers’ conduct was not a patently offensive violation of Beaver’s constitutional rights.

An officer’s conduct is patently offensive when, without prior court guidance, a reasonable officer would know that the conduct is unconstitutional. Mendoza v. Block, 27 F.3d 1357, 1361 (9th Cir.1994). This court examines several factors to determine if conduct is patently offensive including: the helplessness of the arrestee, the seriousness of the offense committed, the objectively reasonable threat to the safety of the officers or others, the risk of an arrestee’s flight, and the adequacy of an officer’s warning before the use of force. See Deorle v. Rutherford, 272 F.3d 1272, 1285 (9th Cir.2001); LaLonde v. County of Riverside, 204 F.3d 947, 961 (9th Cir.2000).

Applying those factors to this case, the officers’ conduct was not patently offensive of Beaver’s constitutional rights. Beaver was suspected of committing a daytime burglary, a felony crime in Washington state, and was attempting to flee from officer Laird. He ignored Laird’s warning to stop and remained non-compliant to the officers’ commands. The officers relied on the taser only as a last resort to gain control of Beaver.

Affirmed.

This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.