Beach v. Saul

District Court, S.D. California·Decided July 28, 2020·No. 3:19-cv-01179·Unknown

Opinion

ANDREA BEACH, Case No.: 19-CV-1179-WVG

Plaintiff, ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF’S v. MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT AND GRANTING ANDREW SAUL, Commissioner of DEFENDANT’S CROSS-MOTION Social Security, FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT Defendant. [Doc. Nos. 25, 26.]

This is an action for judicial review of a decision by the Commissioner of Social Security, Andrew Saul, denying Plaintiff Andrea Beach supplemental security income (“SSI”) benefits under Title XVI of the Social Security Act (the “Act”) and Social Security Disability Insurance under Title II of the Act. The parties have filed cross-motions for summary judgment. For the reasons stated below, the Court DENIES Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment and GRANTS Defendant’s cross-motion for summary judgment. / / / / / / / / / / / / I. OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL SECURITY CLAIM PROCEEDINGS Pursuant to the Social Security Act, the Social Security Administration (“SSA”) administers the SSI program. 42 U.S.C. § 901. The Act authorizes the SSA to create a system by which it determines who is entitled to benefits and by which unsuccessful claimants may obtain review of adverse determinations. Id. §§ 423 et seq. Defendant, as Acting Commissioner of the SSA, is responsible for the Act’s administration. Id. § 902(a)(4), (b)(4). A. The SSA’s Sequential Five-Step Process The SSA employs a sequential five-step evaluation to determine whether a claimant is eligible for benefits. 20 C.F.R. §§ 416.920, 404.1520. To qualify for disability benefits under the Act, a claimant must establish (1) he or she suffers from a medically- determinable impairment1 which can be expected to result in death or has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of twelve months or more and (2) the impairment renders the claimant incapable of performing the work he or she previously performed or any other substantially gainful employment that exists in the national economy. See 42 U.S.C. §§ 423(d)(1)(A), (2)(A); 1382(c)(3)(A). A claimant must meet both requirements to qualify as “disabled” under the Act, id. § 423(d)(1)(A), (2)(A), and bears the burden of proving he or she “either was permanently disabled or subject to a condition which became so severe as to create a disability prior to the date upon which [his or] her disability insured status expired.” Johnson v. Shalala, 60 F.3d 1428, 1432 (9th Cir. 1995). An administrative law judge (“ALJ”) presides over the five-step process to determine disability. See Barnhart v. Thomas, 540 U.S. 20, 24-25 (2003) (summarizing the five-step process). If the Commissioner finds a claimant is 26 1 A medically-determinable physical or mental impairment “is an impairment that results from anatomical, physiological, or psychological abnormalities, which can be shown by disabled or not disabled at any step in this process, the review process is terminated at that step. Corrao v. Shalala, 20 F.3d 943, 946 (9th Cir. 1994). Step one in the sequential evaluation considers a claimant’s “work activity, if any.” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4)(i). An ALJ will deny disability benefits if the claimant is engaged in “substantial gainful activity.” Id. §§ 404.1520(b), 416.920(b). If a claimant cannot provide proof of gainful work activity, the ALJ proceeds to step two to establish whether the claimant has a medically severe impairment or combination of impairments. The so-called “severity regulation” dictates the course of this analysis. Id. §§ 404.1520(c), 416.920(c); see also Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140-41 (1987). An ALJ will deny a claimant’s disability claim if the ALJ does not find a claimant suffers from a severe impairment or combination of impairments which significantly limits the claimant’s physical or mental ability to do “basic work activities.” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(c). The ability to do “basic work activities” means “the abilities and aptitudes necessary to do most jobs.” Id. §§ 404.1521(b), 416.921(b). However, if the impairment is severe, the evaluation proceeds to step three. At step three, the ALJ determines whether the impairment is equivalent to one of several listed impairments which the SSA acknowledges are so severe as to preclude substantial gainful activity. Id. §§ 404.1520(d), 416.920(d). An ALJ conclusively presumes a claimant is disabled so long as the impairment meets or equals one of the listed impairments. Id. § 404.1520(d). Before formally proceeding to step four, the ALJ must establish the claimant’s Residual Functional Capacity (“RFC”). Id. §§ 404.1520(e), 404.1545(a). An individual’s RFC is his or her ability to do physical and mental work activities on a sustained basis despite limitations from his or her impairments. Id. §§ 404.945(a)(1), 404.1545(a)(1). The RFC analysis considers “whether [the claimant’s] impairment(s), and any related symptoms, such as pain, may cause physical and mental limitations that affect what [the claimant] can do in a work setting.” Id. §§ 404.1545(a)(1), 416.945(a)(1). In establishing a claimant’s RFC, the ALJ must consider relevant evidence as well as the claimant’s collection of impairments, including those categorized as non-severe. Id. § 404.1545(a)(3), (e). If an ALJ does not conclusively determine a claimant’s impairment or combination of impairments is disabling at step three, the evaluation advances to step four. At step four, the ALJ uses the claimant’s RFC to determine whether the claimant can perform the requirements of his or her past relevant work. Id. § 404.1520(f). So long as a claimant has the RFC to carry out his or her past relevant work, the claimant is not disabled. Id. § 404.1560(b)(3). Conversely, if the claimant either cannot perform or does not have any past relevant work, the analysis presses onward. At the fifth and final step of the SSA’s evaluation, the ALJ must verify whether the claimant is able to do any other work considering his or her RFC, age, education, and work experience. Id. § 404.1520(g). If the claimant can do other work, the claimant is not disabled. However, if the claimant is not able to do other work and meets the duration requirement, the claimant is disabled. Id. Although the claimant generally continues to have the burden of proving disability at step five, a limited burden of going forward with the evidence shifts to the SSA. At this stage, the SSA must present evidence demonstrating that other work that the claimant can perform—allowing for his RFC, age, education, and work experience—exists in significant numbers in the national economy. Id. §§ 404.1520, 1560(c), 416.920, 404.1512(f). B. SSA Hearings and Appeals Process In accordance with Defendant’s delegation, the Office of Disability Adjudication and Review administers a nationwide hearings and appeals program. SSA regulations provide for a four-step process for administrative review of a claimant’s application for disability payments. See id. §§ 416.1400, 404.900. Once the SSA makes an initial determination, three more levels of appeal exist: (1) reconsideration, (2) hearing by an ALJ, and (3) review by the Appeals Council. See id. §§ 416.1400, 404.900. If the claimant is not satisfied with the decision at any step of the process, the claimant has sixty days to seek administrative review. Se

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