Bates v. Pecos Cnty.

546 S.W.3d 277
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMarch 29, 2017
DocketNo. 08–15–00100–CV
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 546 S.W.3d 277 (Bates v. Pecos Cnty.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bates v. Pecos Cnty., 546 S.W.3d 277 (Tex. Ct. App. 2017).

Opinion

ANN CRAWFORD McCLURE, Chief Justice

Monika Bates sued Pecos County for wrongful termination under three common law theories, and the Texas Whistleblower statute. The case comes to us after the trial court granted Pecos County's motion for summary judgment, or alternative plea to the jurisdiction. For the reasons explained below, we affirm.

FACTUAL SUMMARY

Bates was employed as an emergency medical technician with Pecos County from October 2008 until she was terminated on April 4, 2011. She acknowledged being hired as an "at will" employee. While employed, Bates was paid twice a month. In mid-March 2011, she was told on receipt of her regular paycheck that there was some problem with payroll, and that she would not get overtime pay until her next paycheck. At the end of the month, and while *282at her workplace, she concluded that the County shorted her overtime pay on the end of the month paycheck. She became upset-in her words "livid"-as this was at least the third time she believed it had happened. While walking into a make shift room that lacked any ceiling, she uttered out loud an expletive laden statement.1 Her supervisor, Frank Rodriquez, overheard the statement and quickly confronted her, contending that her use of vulgarities violated the department's policy against insubordination. In response to her contention that she was shorted overtime pay, Rodriquez called the county treasurer's office to inquire about the overtime issue. Following that call, he told Bates that because she had taken a sick day off, she was not entitled to overtime in that pay period. That same day he placed her on suspension, and the County then terminated her on April 4, 2011 for violation of policy.

Bates then filed a discrimination claim with the EEOC. She complained about how overtime was compensated, or more specifically as she claimed, not compensated. She also contended that she was discriminated against on the basis of her gender and national origin.

Following receipt of her right to sue letter from the EEOC, Bates filed suit against Pecos County and her former supervisor, Frank Rodriquez, asserting four theories related to her termination of employment: breach of contract; negligence; infliction of emotional distress; and a whistleblower claim under TEX.GOV'T CODE ANN. § 554.002 (West 2012). The alleged gender and national origin discrimination is not part of her suit. Frank Rodriquez was dismissed on his motion for summary judgment, and no issue is raised on appeal with respect to that dismissal. Pecos County later moved for its own summary judgment under traditional and no evidence grounds, and it asserted an alternative plea to the jurisdiction. The trial court granted the County's motion.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

Bates brings four issues on appeal which in varying ways attack the trial court's decision to grant summary judgment, or the alternate plea to the jurisdiction. We review the trial court's decision to grant summary judgment de novo. Travelers Ins. Co. v. Joachim , 315 S.W.3d 860, 862 (Tex. 2010). The County filed a hybrid motion including both traditional and no-evidence grounds. The trial court granted the motion without specifying the grounds. In this situation, we review the no-evidence motion first. Ford Motor Co. v. Ridgway, 135 S.W.3d 598, 600 (Tex. 2004).

A no-evidence motion for summary judgment is essentially a pretrial directed verdict, and we apply the same legal sufficiency standard of review as we would for a directed verdict. King Ranch, Inc. v. Chapman , 118 S.W.3d 742, 750-51 (Tex. 2003). Under this standard, we review the evidence in the light most favorable to the non-movant, crediting evidence favorable to that party if a reasonable fact finder could, and disregarding contrary evidence unless a reasonable fact finder could not. Mack Trucks, Inc. v. Tamez , 206 S.W.3d 572, 582 (Tex. 2006). A genuine issue of material fact is raised if the non-movant produces more than a scintilla of evidence regarding the challenged element. King Ranch , 118 S.W.3d at 751. More than a scintilla of evidence exists when reasonable and fair-minded individuals *283could differ in their conclusions. Id. at 751. There is not a scintilla of evidence when the evidence is so weak as to do no more than create a mere surmise or suspicion of material fact. Wade Oil & Gas, Inc. v. Telesis Operating Company, Inc. , 417 S.W.3d 531, 540 (Tex.App.-El Paso 2013, no pet.). Evidence that fails to constitute more than a mere scintilla is, in legal effect, no evidence at all. Lozano v. Lozano , 52 S.W.3d 141, 148 (Tex. 2001) ; Wade Oil & Gas , 417 S.W.3d at 540.

The County also asserted a traditional summary judgment under TEX.R.CIV.P. 166a(c). Under a traditional motion, the moving party carries the burden of showing that there is no genuine issue of material fact and it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Diversicare General Partner, Inc. v. Rubio , 185 S.W.3d 842, 846 (Tex. 2005) ; Nixon v. Mr. Property Mgmt. Co., Inc. , 690 S.W.2d 546, 548 (Tex. 1985). Evidence favorable to the non-movant will be taken as true in deciding whether there is a disputed issue of material fact. Fort Worth Osteopathic Hospital, Inc. v. Reese , 148 S.W.3d 94, 99 (Tex. 2004) ; Tranter v. Duemling , 129 S.W.3d 257

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Bluebook (online)
546 S.W.3d 277, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bates-v-pecos-cnty-texapp-2017.