Baskin v. Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals

CourtHawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 1, 2025
DocketCAAP-22-0000472
StatusPublished

This text of Baskin v. Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals (Baskin v. Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Baskin v. Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals, (hawapp 2025).

Opinion

NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER

Electronically Filed Intermediate Court of Appeals CAAP-XX-XXXXXXX 01-APR-2025 09:05 AM Dkt. 72 MO

NO. CAAP-XX-XXXXXXX

IN THE INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS

OF THE STATE OF HAWAI#I

MICHAEL BASKIN; and PAIA BAY PROPERTIES LLC, Appellants-Appellants-Appellees, v. MAUI COUNTY BOARD OF VARIANCES AND APPEALS; KATE BLYSTONE1 in her capacity as Director of the Department of Planning for the County of Maui; and DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING, COUNTY OF MAUI, Appellees-Appellees-Appellants

APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE SECOND CIRCUIT (CASE NO. 2CCV-XX-XXXXXXX)

MEMORANDUM OPINION (By: Hiraoka, Presiding Judge, McCullen and Guidry, JJ.)

The Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals (BVA), the Maui County Planning Department, and the Planning Department's Director (collectively, the County) appeal from the July 5, 2022 Final Judgment for Michael Baskin and Paia Bay Properties LLC (together, Baskin) entered by the Circuit Court of the Second Circuit.2 The Final Judgment reversed a decision by the BVA and directed the Planning Department to approve two parking-related applications sought by Baskin. We hold that the Director's decisions on Baskin's applications were not clearly

1 Kate Blystone, the current director of the Department of Planning for the County of Maui, is substituted for former director Michele McLean under Hawai#i Rules of Appellate Procedure Rule 43(c)(1). 2 The Honorable Peter T. Cahill presided. NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER

erroneous, affected by an error of law, arbitrary, capricious, or an abuse of discretion. Accordingly, we reverse the Final Judgment and affirm the BVA's decision affirming the Director's actions.

I. BACKGROUND

Baskin owns property at 49 Hana Highway in Pā#ia, Maui, and leases the property next door, at 65 Hana Highway. On November 25, 2019, Baskin submitted an Off-site Parking Application for 49 Hana Highway. The proposed 17-stall parking lot was to be used by patrons of Baskin's restaurant at 65 Hana Highway. A revised application was submitted on December 3, 2019. By letter dated January 23, 2020, the Director informed Baskin that his application would not be processed because the proposed off-site parking was not a public parking lot and did not serve public purposes — the only permitted parking uses for property zoned Public/Quasi-Public. Baskin appealed to the BVA on February 24, 2020. On January 28, 2020, Baskin submitted a Parking Reduction Application. He sought to reduce the required number of parking stalls for 65 Hana Highway (where his restaurant was located) from 28 to 12, with space to park 20 bicycles. The Director denied the application on April 17, 2020, explaining her reasons. Baskin appealed to the BVA on May 18, 2020. Baskin had submitted the applications because he planned to expand his restaurant. The BVA consolidated Baskin's appeals and held a contested case hearing. On December 10, 2020, the BVA made findings of fact and conclusions of law and issued its Decision denying both appeals. Baskin appealed to the circuit court under Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS) § 91-14. The circuit court remanded the case to the BVA for more fact-finding. The BVA made additional findings of fact on July 23, 2021. On June 15, 2022, the circuit court entered findings of fact, conclusions of law, and an order granting Baskin's appeal and instructing the Planning Department

2 NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI#I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER

to approve Baskin's applications. The County moved for reconsideration. The circuit court denied the motion. The Final Judgment was entered on July 5, 2022. This appeal followed.

II. STANDARDS OF REVIEW

A. Agency Appeal

Our review of the circuit court's decision on an HRS § 91-14 agency appeal is a secondary appeal, in which we decide whether the circuit court was right or wrong by applying the standards of HRS § 91–14(g) to the BVA's decision and order. Flores v. Bd. of Land & Nat. Res., 143 Hawai#i 114, 120, 424 P.3d 469, 475 (2018). HRS § 91–14(g) (Supp. 2021) provides:

Upon review of the record, the court may affirm the decision of the agency or remand the case with instructions for further proceedings; or it may reverse or modify the decision and order if the substantial rights of the petitioners may have been prejudiced because the administrative findings, conclusions, decisions, or orders are:

(1) In violation of constitutional or statutory provisions; (2) In excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the agency; (3) Made upon unlawful procedure;

(4) Affected by other error of law;

(5) Clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence on the whole record; or

(6) Arbitrary, or capricious, or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion.

We review an agency's findings of fact for clear error, and its conclusions of law de novo. Del Monte Fresh Produce (Hawaii), Inc. v. International Longshore & Warehouse Union, Local 142, 128 Hawai#i 289, 302, 287 P.3d 190, 203 (2012). An agency's determination of a mixed question of fact and law is reviewed under the clearly erroneous standard because it depends on the facts and circumstances of the particular case. In re Kuamoo, 142 Hawai#i 492, 496, 421 P.3d 1262, 1266 (2018). Where

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mixed questions of fact and law are presented, we defer to the agency's expertise and experience in the particular field and will not substitute our judgment for that of the agency. Dole Hawaii Div.-Castle & Cooke, Inc. v. Ramil, 71 Haw. 419, 424, 794 P.2d 1115, 1118 (1990). The BVA's proceeding was governed by Maui County Code (MCC) § 19.520.040 (1991):

An appeal may be granted only if the board finds one of the following: 1. That the subject decision or order was based on an erroneous finding of a material fact or erroneously applied the law;

2. That the subject decision or order was arbitrary and capricious in its application; or

3. That the subject decision or order was a manifest abuse of discretion.

The BVA's Rules of Practice and Procedure (RPP) similarly provide:

Unless otherwise provided by law, the board shall review the decision or order under appeal and may affirm the decision or order or remand the case to the hearing officer, if any, with instructions for further proceedings; or the board may reverse the decision or order if the substantial rights of the petitioner may have been prejudiced because the decision or order is:

(1) Based on a clearly erroneous finding of material fact or erroneous application of the law; or

(2) Arbitrary or capricious in its application; or

(3) A clearly unwarranted abuse of discretion.

RPP § 12-801-81 (2005).

B. Statutory Construction

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Related

Dole Hawaii Division-Castle & Cooke, Inc. v. Ramil
794 P.2d 1115 (Hawaii Supreme Court, 1990)
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Omiya.
420 P.3d 370 (Hawaii Supreme Court, 2018)
In re Kuamoo.
421 P.3d 1262 (Hawaii Supreme Court, 2018)
Flores v. Board of Land and Natural Resources.
424 P.3d 469 (Hawaii Supreme Court, 2018)

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Bluebook (online)
Baskin v. Maui County Board of Variances and Appeals, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/baskin-v-maui-county-board-of-variances-and-appeals-hawapp-2025.