Barton v. Maxwell

809 P.2d 1340, 106 Or. App. 583, 1991 Ore. App. LEXIS 597
CourtCourt of Appeals of Oregon
DecidedApril 17, 1991
Docket87CV-201; CA A50318
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 809 P.2d 1340 (Barton v. Maxwell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Oregon primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Barton v. Maxwell, 809 P.2d 1340, 106 Or. App. 583, 1991 Ore. App. LEXIS 597 (Or. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

RICHARDSON, P. J.

Plaintiff, a builder, brought this action for breach of contract to recover the balance due on a contract for construction of a residence for defendant Maxwell (defendant). Defendant counterclaimed for breach of contract against plaintiff and fraud against plaintiff and Chandler, a subcontractor. The court granted directed verdicts for plaintiff and the subcontractor on most of defendant’s counterclaims.1 The jury returned a verdict for plaintiff on his breach of contract claim. That claim is not involved in this appeal. Defendant challenges only the directed verdicts on his counterclaims.

Plaintiff agreed to construct the house on property owned by defendant. The primary materials and essential design of the house came from a kit purchased by defendant from Timberpeg East, Inc. The pertinent provisions of the written contract are:

“This home to be built on a Time and Material, plus 5% Profit and Overhead. Time is based at $18.50 per man hour, materials and Sub-contractors at Contractors price.
“Contractor will furnish all material and labor, except material furnished by Timberpeg East Inc. and Owner to complete the Job.
«* * * * *
“The estimated cost of this home is projected to be approximately $200,000.00.
«‡ 4c 4e ‡ 4e
“Contractor will keep Owner informed as to cost as the Job progresses.”

Defendant testified that his primary concern was that the total cost of the house not exceed $200,000.

As part of the construction, plaintiff was to design and install a heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system that would dehumidify the air, which was necessary to protect defendant’s rare book collection against [586]*586the humidity arising from an indoor lap pool. Plaintiff subcontracted with Chandler to install the system.

After plaintiff began construction, numerous additions and changes were made to the design throughout the initial stages of construction. During that time, plaintiff provided defendant with invoices that set out the costs to date and which defendant paid. Several months into construction, plaintiff provided defendant with a statement in which he listed the remaining work to be done and estimated that the total cost of construction would be $191,032.45. However, the estimate did not include the cost of the kit, which was approximately $69,000. After receiving that statement, defendant excluded plaintiff from the job site and later terminated the contract, citing plaintiffs “large and long-continued misrepresentations as to the cost of my home, your breach of your express promise to keep me informed as to cost as the job progressed, and your other substantial defaults.” At the time, the house was only partially completed.

In reviewing the directed verdicts, we review the facts in the light most favorable to defendant and determine whether a reasonable jury could have found in his favor. See Van Den Bron v. Fred Meyer, Inc., 86 Or App 329, 331, 738 P2d 1011 (1987).

Defendant first contends that the court erred in respect to his breach of contract counterclaim, which alleged two counts. He first alleged that plaintiff breached the contract by failing

“to keep defendant Maxwell informed as to the cost of the house as the job progressed.”

The court granted a directed verdict on that allegation:

“In order to find that as a counterclaim, the finding would have to be that [the contract] was in fact a fixed priced contract. * * * [Defendant] testified when questioned that [plaintiff] had never guaranteed that the house would be done for $200,000 or under.
“* * * To then say that he has been damaged because it exceeded $200,000 would go against the terms of the written contract * * *.”

Defendant concedes that plaintiff was not obligated to construct the house for under $200,000. He contends, however, [587]*587that that fact does not defeat his claim that plaintiff failed to keep him advised of the costs.

We essentially agree with the court’s interpretation and conclusion. It is undisputed that plaintiff regularly provided defendant with bills that contained a breakdown of the costs incurred to date. Defendant did not present any evidence that he either directly or indirectly challenged the adequacy of the billings. Instead, he points to the fact that he will have to pay over $200,000 to complete the house as sufficient evidence of a breach and damages. That evidence would support a claim only if plaintiff was required to construct the house for under $200,000. He was not. There was no evidence supporting the first count of defendant’s counterclaim for breach of contract, and the court correctly granted a directed verdict.2

In the second count, defendant alleged that plaintiff breached the contract by

“(e) Failing to construct the house in a workmanlike manner, specifically:
U* * * * *
“(4) The HVAC System was improperly designed and installed and, as designed and installed, will not adequately heat, cool, ventilate and dehumidify the house.”

Plaintiff testified that installation and design of the system was his responsibility. When he stopped working on the house because defendant had excluded him from the project, the system had been designed and installation of most of the interior equipment had been completed. Although the subcontractor continued to work on the system at defendant’s request after plaintiffs discharge, it had never become operational. Defendant presented expert testimony that the system design and the duct work were inadequate. In particular, an expert questioned the type of dehumidifier selected and installed and the sufficiency of the duct work that had been installed by plaintiff.

Plaintiff maintains that the system is sufficient to serve the needs of the house. Whether that is true is a question [588]*588of fact for the jury. He argues in the alternative that, because he was excluded from the job site by defendant and defendant then took control of completion of the HVAC system, he cannot be held responsible for inadequacies in the system. See Anderson v. Allison, 256 Or 116, 121, 471 P2d 772 (1970); Gilbert et al v. Calif.-Ore. Power Co., 223 Or 1, 353 P2d 870 (1960). In Gilbert, the court said:

“It is a well-established rule of law that a party who prevents another from performing a duty under the terms of a contract cannot avail himself of the other’s failure to perform.” 223 Or at 15-16.

That rationale is not readily applicable to a claim that a required act was done but done incorrectly. Plaintiff was not prevented from performing the work that defendant claims was inadequately done. Plaintiff appears to contend that, had he been allowed to remain on the job, complete the HVAC system and test it, he could have cured any deficiencies in his performance. He testified that any identified deficiencies would have been cured by him before he delivered the house to defendant.

The contract was essentially for cost plus five percent for profit and overhead.

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Related

Barton v. Maxwell
933 P.2d 966 (Oregon Supreme Court, 1997)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
809 P.2d 1340, 106 Or. App. 583, 1991 Ore. App. LEXIS 597, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/barton-v-maxwell-orctapp-1991.