Barber v. Babcock & Wilcox Construction Co.

390 S.E.2d 341, 98 N.C. App. 203, 1990 N.C. App. LEXIS 381
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedApril 17, 1990
Docket8910IC588
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 390 S.E.2d 341 (Barber v. Babcock & Wilcox Construction Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Barber v. Babcock & Wilcox Construction Co., 390 S.E.2d 341, 98 N.C. App. 203, 1990 N.C. App. LEXIS 381 (N.C. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

JOHNSON, Judge.

The Industrial Commission (the “Commission”) made the following findings of fact: Plaintiff began working as an insulator in 1947, and for the next thirty years was exposed to the hazards of asbestos. He was last exposed to the inhalation of asbestos dust in 1984, and in the ten years prior to that time, he was exposed from 1975 to 1978. Plaintiff was employed by defendant construction company on a project for a total of forty-eight days from 27 February 1984 to 4 May 1984. It was his job to insulate boilers and pipes with non-asbestos material after other workers known as laborers had removed old asbestos insulation.

Ninety-eight percent of the old asbestos (in terms of square footage) had been removed when plaintiff began work at the project. Asbestos was removed on four occasions at the project during the time plaintiff worked there. These removals were done by laborers working within an airtight containment area. The asbestos was sealed in special bags and taken to a toxic waste dump. Plaintiff was not involved in the asbestos removal. The project manager testified that air sample tests were done outside and below the containment area each time asbestos was removed. The Deputy Commissioner accepted defense witness Craig Robinson as an expert in corporate safety. This expert testified without objection that the air sample tests showed the amount of asbestos in the air at the project was negligible. The data showing results of the air tests was admitted only for the purpose of corroborating the expert’s testimony. The Commission also found that before *206 insulators began applying new insulation, old insulation was incap-sulated in a latex-base liquid which formed an airtight impermeable barrier to inhibit migration of asbestos fibers.

By his first and third Assignments of Error, plaintiff contends that the Industrial Commission relied on inadmissible evidence to support its decision that he was not exposed to asbestos dust for thirty working days. By this, plaintiff is referring to the Deputy Commissioner’s allowing the defendant-employer’s corporate safety specialist, Craig Robinson, to testify as an expert, and also admitting the air sample test reports as corroborative evidence.

On appeal of a decision of the Industrial Commission, we are limited to addressing two questions: Was there any competent evidence to support the Commission’s findings of fact, and do the findings of fact justify the legal conclusions and decision? Hansel v. Sherman Textiles, 304 N.C. 44, 283 S.E.2d 101 (1981). The findings of fact are conclusive on appeal if supported by any competent evidence, even if there is evidence to support contrary findings. Id.

Plaintiff objected at the hearing to Robinson’s being accepted as an expert on the grounds that the witness had not been listed by defendants as an expert during discovery. The decision of whether a witness should be qualified as an expert is addressed to the discretion of the court. Wells v. French Broad Electric Membership Corp., 68 N.C. App. 410, 315 S.E.2d 316, disc. rev. denied, 312 N.C. 498, 322 S.E.2d 565 (1984). Here, plaintiff knew that Robinson would testify as the main defense witness, but he did not know that defendants intended to qualify him as an expert. Plaintiff also apparently knew generally the substance of the witness’s testimony since he had received copies of the air sample reports during discovery. This matter had been continued more than once and, in qualifying defendants’ witness as an expert, the Deputy Commissioner noted the need to avoid further delay. We cannot say that the Deputy Commissioner abused her discretion in rejecting plaintiff’s argument and allowing Robinson to testify as an expert.

Plaintiff also contends that Robinson’s being allowed to testify was error because, although he is employed by the defendant-employer, the witness was not actually present at the jobsite where plaintiff worked. Although this argument was not raised by plaintiff at the hearing, we shall in our discretion address it.

*207 Witness Robinson was competent to testify concerning the routine practice of the defendant-employer in removing asbestos pursuant to G.S. § 8C-1, Rule 406 which provides in part that “[ejvidence of the . . . routine practice of an organization, whether corroborated or not and regardless of the presence of eyewitnesses, is relevant to prove that the conduct of the . . . organization on a particular occasion was in conformity with the habit or routine practice.” To the extent that the air sample tests showed that testing was routinely done when asbestos was removed, the tests added weight or credibility to Robinson’s testimony and were admissible as corroborative evidence. State v. Reynolds, 91 N.C. App. 103, 370 S.E.2d 600 (1988). We think, however, that the specific test data regarding the asbestos level at the project while plaintiff was working there was not admissible as corroborative evidence. Robinson had no independent knowledge of the air quality at plaintiffs jobsite, and could not testify to it. The specific test data was not, therefore, corroborative of testimony he was competent to give. See Robbins v. Trading Post, Inc., 251 N.C. 663, 111 S.E.2d 884 (1960). This Court has stated that a party objecting to the introduction of evidence has the duty to bring to the trial court’s attention any statements which do not corroborate a witness’s testimony. State v. McNeill, 90 N.C. App. 257, 368 S.E.2d 206 (1988); State v. Harris, 46 N.C. App. 284, 264 S.E.2d 790 (1980). In this case, plaintiff failed to object to any portions of the test data as not corroborating the witness’s testimony. He therefore may not raise this issue on appeal.

Although the Commission stated that the specific test data were not being received into evidence to prove the truth and accuracy of the results reached, the Commission went on to quote those results in the findings of fact and clearly relied on them in reaching its determination that plaintiff had not been injuriously exposed to the hazards of asbestos while employed by the defendant-employer. This was error, but we consider it to have been harmless because the test results were admissible under G.S. § 8C-1, Rule 803(6), the business records exception to the rule against hearsay.

The tests were kept by the defendant-employer in the regular course of business, and Robinson testified that the tests were performed for the defendant-employer by a private laboratory, Health and Hygiene, Inc., which he stated is certified by the federal government to perform tests required of the defendant-employer by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. We think the source *208 of this data may be regarded as trustworthy.

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665 S.E.2d 818 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2008)
State v. Tappe
533 S.E.2d 262 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2000)
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435 S.E.2d 545 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 1993)
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400 S.E.2d 735 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 1991)

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Bluebook (online)
390 S.E.2d 341, 98 N.C. App. 203, 1990 N.C. App. LEXIS 381, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/barber-v-babcock-wilcox-construction-co-ncctapp-1990.